26. National crime Records Bureau of India was founded in the year
Correct : A. 1986
27. Sociogenic approach to the study of crime focuses on....... ?
Correct : C. Social factors
28. According to differential association theory............ leads to crimes.
Correct : A. Social interactions
29. The headquarters of National Crime records bureau is located in ............
Correct : D. New Delhi
30. Which theory states that criminals are born with the traits of primitive men?
Correct : C. Evolutionary atavism
31. Among the following embezzlement belongs to which category of crime?
Correct : A. Crime against property
32. Among the following who led the Italian school of positivist criminology?
Correct : C. Lombroso
33. Famous criminologist Cesure Lombroso was born in the year ..........
Correct : A. 1835
34. The book ‘Crime : It’s causes and Remedies’ was written by
Correct : B. Lombroso
35. The book ‘Criminal Man’ was written by .............
Correct : D. Lombroso
36. The article’ Physiogonomy of the anarchists’ was written by ..............
Correct : C. Lombroso
37. Who wrote the famous book Criminal woman?
Correct : B. Lombroso
38. ‘Espionage’ can be categorized as ...............
Correct : A. Crime against state
39. Who wrote the article ‘Illustrative studies in Criminal Anthropology’?
Correct : C. Lombroso
40. The article ‘Why Criminals of Genius Have No Types’ was written by ......
Correct : A. Lombroso
41. The article ‘Criminal anthropology applied to Pedagogy’ was written by ........
Correct : B. Lombroso
42. Name the criminologist who wrote the article ‘Was Columbus morally responsible’
Correct : A. Lombroso
43. Who wrote the book Criminal Sociology?
Correct : A. Enrico Ferri
44. Who among the following was the student of Lombroso?
Correct : D. Enrico Ferri
45. Argentina’s penal code was based on the works and findings of which criminologist?
Correct : B. Ferri
46. Who wrote the book ‘The positive school of Criminology’?
Correct : A. Enrico Ferri
47. Among the following who focused on the psychological characteristics of criminality?
Correct : B. Ferri
48. “Detective resistance to criminal tendencies and temptations due to that ill balanced, impulsiveness which characterizes children and savages”. Who provided this definition for criminal psychology?
Correct : C. Ferri
49. Famous Italian criminologist Enrico Ferri was born in the year........
Correct : A. 1856
50. According to whom crime prevention methods to be the mainstay of law enforcement
rather than punishment of criminals?
Correct : D. Ferri
51. Among the following who opposed the biological positivism of Lombroso and
emphasized psychological and social positivism.
Correct : A. Ferri
52. This famous Italian criminologist was a member of the Italian Socialist party and got
elected to the parliament in 1886.
Correct : B. Ferri
53. Name the criminologist who edited the famous Italian newspaper ‘Avanti’
Correct : A. Ferri
54. Among the following who argued that crime can be understood only if it is studied by
scientific methods?
Correct : A. Raffaele Garofalo
55. This Italian criminologist worked as a jurist
Correct : D. Garofalo
56. Name the criminologist who rejected the free will aspect of Lombroso’s classical school.
Correct : A. Garofalo
57. Which criminologist used Charles Darwin’s biological principles for his law of adoption
relating to criminal circumstances
Correct : C. Garofalo
58. Which criminologist said that those criminals with permanent psychological anomaly
should be sentenced for death because they are incapable of social life?
Correct : A. Garofalo
59. Famous Italian criminologist Raffaele Garofalo was born in the year .............
Correct : B. 1851
60. Who proposed long time imprisonment for those criminals who are fit only for the life of
nomadic hordes?
Correct : C. Garofalo
61. Along with Cesare Lombroso and Raffaele Garofalo who formed the Italian school of
Criminology?
Correct : D. Ferri
62. Among the following which criminologist examined the skull of the notorious criminal
Giuseppe villela?
Correct : A. Lombroso
63. The term ‘atavism’ is associated with the theory of ..........
Correct : C. Lombroso
64. Which criminologist wrote the book ‘On crimes and Punishments’?
Correct : B. Cesare Beccaria
65. Among the following criminologists who opposed torture and death penalty?
Correct : C. Beccaria
66. Name the genius who excelled in both the fields of criminology and penotogya
Correct : A. Beccaria
67. Famous criminologist Beccaria was born in the year ............
Correct : A. 1738
68. Who is considered as the father of modern criminal law
Correct : D. Beccaria
69. According to John Bessler whose work’s had a profound influence on the founding
fathers of the United States?
Correct : A. Beccaria
70. Who is considered as the father of criminal justice
Correct : D. Beccaria
71. Name the famous criminologist who born in the Italian city of Milan?
Correct : B. Beccaria a
72. Name the criminologist who founded ‘the academy of fists’ the famous Italian
criminology study group?
Correct : A. Beccaria
73. Name the criminologist who was profoundly influenced by the thoughts of French
enlightenment thinker Helvetius?
Correct : C. Beccaria
74. Beccaria’s ground breaking work ‘on crimes and punishments’ was published in the year-
-----
Correct : D. 1764
75. Name the criminologist who advocated for reform in the criminal low system?
Correct : B. Beccaria
76. Who argued that criminal justice should conform to rational principles?
Correct : A. Beccaria
77. Among the following who introduced the concept of natural law in the field of
criminology?
Correct : A. Hugo Grotius
78. Name the criminologist who wrote the book ‘on the law of war and peace?
Correct : C. Grotius
79. Which criminologist wrote the book ‘Free seas’
Correct : A. Grotius
80. Name the criminologist who emphazised the notion of ‘rights’ in criminology?
Correct : B. Grotius
81. Name the criminologist who uses the philosophical theories of social contract and utility
for developing his own theory?
Correct : A. Beccaria
82. Who argued that punishment is justified only to defend social contract
Correct : D. Beccaria
83. Who argued that the method of punishment selected should be that which serves the
greatest public good?
Correct : B. Beccaria
84. Name the criminologist who took utilitarian approach towards criminal justice?
Correct : A. Beccaria
85. According to whom the purpose of punishment is to create a better society, not revenge
Correct : C. Beccaria
86. Who argued that punishment should serve to deter others from committing crimes, and to
prevent the criminal from repeating his crimes
Correct : A. Beccaria
87. Who argued that the temporal proximity of the punishment is needed to maximize
deterrence value?
Correct : D. Beccaria
88. Name the criminologist who emphazises the importance of discouraging criminal
activity?
Correct : B. Beccaria
89. Who argued that when a punishment quickly follows a crime, then the two ideas of crime
and punishment will be more closely associated in a person’s mind?
Correct : B. Beccaria
90. Name the criminologist who argued that the swiftness of punishment has the greatest
impact on deterring others from crime?
Correct : C. Beccaria
91. Who argued that there is no justification for severe punishment?
Correct : B. Beccaria
92. Which criminologist argued that there are limits both to how much torment we can endure
and also how much we can inflict?
Correct : A. Beccaria
93. Who argued that in time we will naturally grow accustomed to increases in severity of
punishment and thus the initial increase in severity will lose its effects?
Correct : B. Beccaria
94. Name the criminologist who argued that punishments should be in degree to the severity
of the crime?
Correct : D. Beccaria
95. Who argued that treason is the worst crime because it harms the social contract?
Correct : D. Beccaria
96. Name the criminologist who suggested that crimes against property should be punished
by fines?
Correct : C. Beccaria
97. Who argued that the best ways to prevent crimes are to enact clear and simple laws,
reward virtue and improve education?
Correct : B. Beccaria
98. Three tenets served as the basis of Beccaria’s theories on criminal justice. Free will and
rational manner are the two among them. Which is the third one?
Correct : A. Manipulability
99. Who argued that because people act out of self-interest and their interests sometimes
conflicts with societal laws, they commit crimes?
Correct : A. Beccaria
100. According to Beccaria if the punishment outweighs the benefits of the crime, then the
crime became on ............... choice.