Quiznetik

Soft Computing and Optimization Algorithms | Set 2

1. What Is Another Name For Fuzzy Inference Systems?

A. fuzzy expert system

B. fuzzy modelling

C. fuzzy logic controller

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

2. In Evolutionary programming, survival selection is

A. probabilistic selection (μ+μ) selection

B. (μ, λ)- selection based on the children only (μ+λ)- selection based on both the set of parent and children

C. children replace the parent

D. all the mentioned

Correct : A. probabilistic selection (μ+μ) selection

3. In Evolutionary strategy, survival selection is

A. probabilistic selection (μ+μ) selection

B. (μ, λ)- selection based on the children only (μ+λ)- selection based on both the set of parent and children

C. children replace the parent

D. all the mentioned

Correct : B. (μ, λ)- selection based on the children only (μ+λ)- selection based on both the set of parent and children

4. In Evolutionary programming, recombination is

A. doesnot use recombination to produce offspring. it only uses mutation

B. uses recombination such as cross over to produce offspring

C. uses various recombination operators

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : A. doesnot use recombination to produce offspring. it only uses mutation

5. In Evolutionary strategy, recombination is

A. doesnot use recombination to produce offspring. it only uses mutation

B. uses recombination such as cross over to produce offspring

C. uses various recombination operators

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : B. uses recombination such as cross over to produce offspring

6. Step size in non-adaptive EP :

A. deviation in step sizes remain static

B. deviation in step sizes change over time using some deterministic function

C. deviation in step size change dynamically

D. size=1

Correct : A. deviation in step sizes remain static

7. Step size in dynamic EP :

A. deviation in step sizes remain static

B. deviation in step sizes change over time using some deterministic function

C. deviation in step size change dynamically

D. size=1

Correct : B. deviation in step sizes change over time using some deterministic function

8. Step size in self-adaptive EP :

A. deviation in step sizes remain static

B. deviation in step sizes change over time using some deterministic function

C. deviation in step size change dynamically

D. size=1

Correct : C. deviation in step size change dynamically

9. What are normally the two best measurement units for an evolutionary algorithm? 1. Number of evaluations 2. Elapsed time 3. CPU Time 4. Number of generations

A. 1 and 2

B. 2 and 3

C. 3 and 4

D. 1 and 4

Correct : D. 1 and 4

10. Evolutionary Strategies (ES)

A. (µ,λ): select survivors among parents and offspring

B. (µ+λ): select survivors among parents and offspring

C. (µ-λ): select survivors among offspring only

D. (µ:λ): select survivors among offspring only

Correct : B. (µ+λ): select survivors among parents and offspring

11. In Evolutionary programming,

A. individuals are represented by real-valued vector

B. individual solution is represented as a finite state machine

C. individuals are represented as binary string

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : B. individual solution is represented as a finite state machine

12. In Evolutionary Strategy,

A. individuals are represented by real-valued vector

B. individual solution is represented as a finite state machine

C. individuals are represented as binary string

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : A. individuals are represented by real-valued vector

13. (1+1) ES

A. offspring becomes parent if offspring\s fitness is as good as parent of next generation

B. offspring become parent by default

C. offspring never becomes parent

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : A. offspring becomes parent if offspring\s fitness is as good as parent of next generation

14. (1+λ) ES

A. λ mutants can be generated from one parent

B. one mutant is generated

C. 2λ mutants can be generated

D. no mutants are generated

Correct : A. λ mutants can be generated from one parent

15. Termination condition for EA

A. mazimally allowed cpu time is elapsed

B. total number of fitness evaluations reaches a given limit

C. population diveristy drops under a given threshold

D. all the mentioned

Correct : D. all the mentioned

16. Which of the following operator is simplest selection operator?

A. random selection

B. proportional selection

C. tournament selection

D. none

Correct : A. random selection

17. Which crossover operators are used in evolutionary programming?

A. single point crossover

B. two point crossover

C. uniform crossover

D. evolutionary programming doesnot use crossover operators

Correct : D. evolutionary programming doesnot use crossover operators

18. (1+1) ES

A. operates on population size of two

B. operates on populantion size of one

C. operates on populantion size of zero

D. operates on populantion size of λ

Correct : A. operates on population size of two

19. Which of these emphasize of development of behavioral models?

A. evolutionary programming

B. genetic programming

C. genetic algorithm

D. all the mentioned

Correct : A. evolutionary programming

20. EP applies which evolutionary operators?

A. variation through application of mutation operators

B. selection

C. both a and b

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : C. both a and b

21. Which selection strategy works with negative fitness value?

A. roulette wheel selection

B. stochastic universal sampling

C. tournament selection

D. rank selection

Correct : D. rank selection

22. Who can deal with noisy input information

A. soft computing

B. hard computing

C. both a and b

D. none of the above

Correct : A. soft computing

23. Ability to learn how to do task based on the data is done by

A. self organization

B. adaptive learning

C. fault tolerance

D. robustness

Correct : B. adaptive learning

24. Which of the following is not a technique of soft computing

A. neural network

B. genetic algorithm

C. evolutionary algorithm

D. conventional algorithm

Correct : D. conventional algorithm

25. Fuzzy logic system is based on what type of rule

A. if-then

B. else-if

C. while

D. do-while

Correct : A. if-then

26. What is the function of dendrites in biological neural network

A. send signals to neurons

B. receive signals from neurons

C. sum of incoming signals

D. transmit signals

Correct : B. receive signals from neurons

27. Expert system

A. combines different types of method and information

B. is a approach to design of learning algorithms

C. is an information base filled with knowledge of an expert formulated in terms of if-then rules

D. none of the above

Correct : C. is an information base filled with knowledge of an expert formulated in terms of if-then rules

28. Three main basic feature involved in characterzing member function are

A. intuition,inference,rank ordering

B. fuzzy algorithm,neural network,genetic algorithm

C. center of sums,median,core

D. core,support,boundary

Correct : D. core,support,boundary

29. What is the function of cell body in biological neural network

A. multiplies the incoming signals

B. sums the incoming signals

C. multiples the outgoing signals

D. sums the outgoing signals

Correct : B. sums the incoming signals

30. What is perceptron

A. a single layer feed forward neural network

B. a double layer associative neural network

C. a neural network that contains feedback

D. auto associative neural network

Correct : A. a single layer feed forward neural network

31. Which of the follwing computing is trial and error problem solver algorithm

A. hard computing

B. neural network

C. evolutionary computing

D. fuzzy logic

Correct : C. evolutionary computing

32. What are advantages of neural network

A. ability to learn by example

B. fault tolerant

C. both a and b

D. none of the above

Correct : C. both a and b

33. Which of the following does not belong to the process of involuntary computing

A. selection

B. mutation

C. recombination

D. deletion

Correct : D. deletion

34. The Value of crisp set can be

A. either 0 or 1

B. near to 0 or 1

C. between 0 and 1

D. between 0.5 and 0.7

Correct : A. either 0 or 1

35. The room temrature is hot. Here the hot(use of lingustic variable is used) can be represented by

A. fuzzy set

B. crisp set

C. probabilistic set

D. none of the above

Correct : A. fuzzy set

36. The value of set membership can be represented by

A. discrete set

B. degree of truth

C. probabilities

D. both b and c

Correct : B. degree of truth

37. Semiconductor layout & aircraft design are the application type of which domain?

A. control

B. design

C. robotics

D. ml

Correct : B. design

38. Trajectory planning is the application type of which domain?

A. control

B. design

C. robotics

D. ml

Correct : C. robotics

39. Filter design is the application type of which domain?

A. control

B. signal processing

C. robotics

D. ml

Correct : B. signal processing

40. Pokers & Checkers are the application type of which of domain?

A. control

B. game playing

C. robotics

D. ml

Correct : B. game playing

41. Manufacturing & resource allocation are the application type of which domain?

A. scheduling

B. design

C. robotics

D. ml

Correct : A. scheduling

42. What is a crossover point in a fuzzy set?

A. {x|ua(x)<0}

B. {x|ua(x)=1}

C. {x|ua(x)=0.5}

D. {x|ua(x)>0}

Correct : C. {x|ua(x)=0.5}

43. If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership function: Ua(X)={0.2,0.5,0.6,0.1,0.9} Ub(X0)={0.1,0.5,0.2,0.7,0.8} THEN what will be the intersection of A and B

A. {0.2,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.9}

B. {0.2,0.3,0.8,0.1,0.5}

C. {0.5,0.1,0.6,0.1,0.8}

D. {0.1,0.5,0.2,0.1,0.8}

Correct : D. {0.1,0.5,0.2,0.1,0.8}

44. A={0.1/1+0.2/2+0.3/3} B={0.6/1+0.5/2+0.4/3+0.5/4} Find the set difference

A. {0.1/1+0.2/2+0.3/3}

B. {0.3/1+0.2/2+0.2/3}

C. {0.1/1+0.3/2+0.2/3}

D. {0.1/1+0.2/2+0.5/3}

Correct : A. {0.1/1+0.2/2+0.3/3}

45. With the help of which formula can we find the algebraic sum of two fuzzy sets A,B?

A. {ua(x)+ub(x)}-{ua(x)*ub(x)}

B. {ua(x)-ub(x)}-{ua(x)*ub(x)}

C. {ua(x)/ub(x)}-{ua(x)+ub(x)}

D. {ua(x)+ub(x)}+{ua(x)*ub(x)}

Correct : A. {ua(x)+ub(x)}-{ua(x)*ub(x)}

46. With the help of which formula can we find the algebraic product of two fuzzy sets A,B?

A. {ua(x)/ub(x)}

B. {ua(x)*ub(x)}*{ua(x)-ub(x)}

C. {ua(x)*ub(x)+{ua(x)+ub(x)}}

D. {ua(x)*ub(x)}

Correct : D. {ua(x)*ub(x)}

47. Which one of the following is the associative property for a crisp set

A. au(buc)=(aub)uc

B. bu(auc)=cu(bua)

C. au(cua)=b(auc)

D. all the above

Correct : A. au(buc)=(aub)uc

48. Knowledge base is a combination of

A. rule base and data base

B. rule base and time base

C. time base and probability base

D. model base and data base

Correct : A. rule base and data base

49. _____ is a simulation method that let decision maker see what the model is doing and how it interact.

A. vis

B. vim

C. siv

D. hiv

Correct : A. vis

50. ____systems,especially those developed for the military and video-game industry

A. vis

B. vim

C. siv

D. hiv

Correct : B. vim

51. Which approach is most suited to complex problem with significant uncertainty, a need for experimentation, and time compression?

A. simulation

B. optimization

C. human intution

D. genetic algorithm

Correct : A. simulation

52. Which of the following is the advantage of simulation?

A. it can incorporate significant real-life complexity

B. it always result in optimal solution

C. simulation software requires special skils

D. it solves problem in one pass with no iteration.

Correct : A. it can incorporate significant real-life complexity

53. What BEST describes a simulation model in which it is not important to know exactly when a modeled event occurred

A. continuous distribution simulation

B. time dependent simulation

C. system dynamics simulation

D. discrete event simulation

Correct : B. time dependent simulation

54. The defining length of a schema is useful to calculate of the schema for____.

A. survival probability,crossovers

B. crossovers,survival probability

C. crossovers,length

D. length,crossover

Correct : A. survival probability,crossovers

55. categories of EA are/is

A. genetic algorithm

B. genetic programing

C. learning classifier systems

D. all of these

Correct : D. all of these

56. Phases in which the LCS individuals are evaluated are

A. performance phase

B. reinforcement phase

C. both a and b

D. none of these

Correct : C. both a and b

57. MA sometimes called as

A. hybrid ea

B. integrated ea

C. both a and b

D. none of these

Correct : A. hybrid ea

58. Genetic algorithm is a subset of_______.

A. evolutionary algorithm

B. dynamcic algorithm

C. both a&b

D. none of these

Correct : A. evolutionary algorithm

59. NP hard problems are also called as________.

A. dicrete optimization

B. combinatorial optimization

C. evolutionary optimization

D. none of these

Correct : B. combinatorial optimization

60. Genetic algorithm is first introduce by_______.

A. charles darwin

B. john holland

C. gregor johan mendel

D. none of these

Correct : B. john holland

61. __________ replicates the most successful solutions found in a population at a rate proportional to relative quality.

A. selection

B. recombination

C. mutation

D. none of these

Correct : A. selection

62. _________ decomposes two distinct solutions and then randomly mixes their parts to form novel solutions.

A. selection

B. recombination

C. mutation

D. none of these

Correct : B. recombination

63. __________ randomly perturbs a candidate solution.

A. selection

B. recombination

C. mutation

D. none of these

Correct : C. mutation

64. A ________ is a template consisting of a string composed of three symbol.

A. wild symbol

B. schema

C. layout

D. none of these

Correct : B. schema

65. {0,1,#} is the symbol alphabet ,where # is a special ______symbol.

A. wild card

B. schema

C. layout

D. none of these

Correct : A. wild card

66. Metaheuristics are ?1)non deterministic 2)non approximate 3)not problem specific

A. 1,2,3

B. 1,2

C. 1,3

D. 2,3

Correct : C. 1,3

67. In search techniques, as single point based contradicts population based similary deterministic contradicts ___?

A. stochastic

B. simplex based

C. complex based

D. none

Correct : A. stochastic

68. In swarm systems organisations are

A. centalized

B. decentralized

C. controlled by third party

D. none

Correct : B. decentralized

69. Identify the working sequence of kmean clustering ? 1)redefine cluster centeroids 2)intialize the k centroids 3)make clusters near centroids

A. 1,3,2

B. 3,2,1

C. 2,3,1

D. 2,1,3

Correct : C. 2,3,1

70. Every particle in the system takes experience from previous particle ?

A. pso

B. aco

C. clustering

D. none

Correct : A. pso

71. swarm intelligence includes ? 1)bee colony algorithm 2)ant colony algorithm 3) PSO 4)immune system algorithms

A. 1,2

B. 1,2,3

C. 2,3,4

D. all of these

Correct : D. all of these

72. pheromone quantity in ACO is ___ proportional to path selection.

A. directly

B. inversly

C. there is no connection

D. none

Correct : A. directly

73. The ants prefer the smaller drop of honey over the more abundant, but less nutritious, sugar. This is the example of?

A. kruskal algorithm

B. travelling salesman

C. knapsack problem

D. np hard problem

Correct : C. knapsack problem

74. In kmeans clustering each cluster is associated with

A. centroid

B. edge

C. common point

D. none of them

Correct : A. centroid

75. What is EC?

A. computer based problem solving systems

B. systems that uses computational models of evolutionary process

C. both a and b

D. none of these

Correct : C. both a and b

76. Recombination is applied to

A. 2 selected candidated

B. 1 selected candidate

C. 3 selected candidate

D. none of these

Correct : A. 2 selected candidated

77. In EA mutation is applied to

A. 2 candidate

B. 1 candidate

C. 3 candidate

D. none of these

Correct : B. 1 candidate

78. EV is used for

A. solving optimization problems

B. finding solutions

C. both a and b

D. none of these

Correct : A. solving optimization problems

79. EV is considered as

A. complex

B. simple

C. complex and adaptive

D. al of these

Correct : C. complex and adaptive

80. GA stands for

A. genetic algorithm

B. genetic programing

C. genetic assurance

D. none of these

Correct : A. genetic algorithm

81. Features of GA

A. a string representation of chromosomes.

B. a fitness function be to minimized.

C. a cross-over method and a mutation method.

D. all of these

Correct : D. all of these

82. GP individual stores computer program

A. true

B. false

Correct : A. true

83. GP selection is

A. deterministic selection

B. tournament selection

C. nondeterministic selection

D. none of these

Correct : B. tournament selection

84. EP mutation is

A. data specific

B. data type specific

C. non specific

D. none of these

Correct : B. data type specific

85. The truth values of traditional set theory is __ and that of fuzzy set is

A. either 0 or 1, between 0 & 1

B. between 0 & 1, either 0 or 1

C. between 0 & 1, between 0 & 1

D. either 0 or 1, either 0 or 1

Correct : A. either 0 or 1, between 0 & 1

86. The room temperature is hot. Here the hot (use of linguistic variable is used) can be represented by _______

A. fuzzy set

B. crisp set

C. fuzzy & crisp set

D. fuzzy & crisp set

Correct : A. fuzzy set

87. Fuzzy logic is usually represented as ___________

A. if-then-else rules

B. if-then rules

C. both if-then-else rules & if-then rules

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : B. if-then rules

88. Three main basic features involved in characterizing membership function are

A. intution, inference, rank ordering

B. fuzzy algorithm, neural network, genetic algorithm

C. core, support , boundary

D. weighted average, center of sums, median

Correct : C. core, support , boundary

89. Why can’t we design a perfect neural network?

A. full operation is still not known of biological neurons

B. number of neuron is itself not precisely known

C. number of interconnection is very large & is very complex

D. all of the mentioned

Correct : D. all of the mentioned

90. Both Fuzzy logic and ANN are soft computing techniques because

A. both gives precise and accurate results

B. ann gives accurate result but fuzzy logic doesnot

C. in each, no precise mathematical model of the problem is required

D. fuzzy logic gives accurate result but ann doesnot

Correct : C. in each, no precise mathematical model of the problem is required

91. Internal state of neuron is called __________, is the function of the inputs the neurons receives

A. weight

B. activation or activity level of neuron

C. bias

D. none of these

Correct : B. activation or activity level of neuron

92. Each connection link in ANN is associated with ________ which has information about the input signal.

A. neurons

B. weights

C. bias

D. activation function

Correct : B. weights

93. In artificial Neural Network interconnected processing elements are called

A. nodes or neurons

B. weights

C. axons

D. soma

Correct : A. nodes or neurons

94. The crossover points of a membership function are defined as the elements in the universe for which a particular fuzzy set has values equal to

A. infinite

B. 1

C. 0

D. 0.5

Correct : D. 0.5

95. The membership values of the membership function are nor strictly monotonically increasing or decreasing or strictly monoronically increasing than decreasing

A. convex fuzzy set

B. non convex fuzzy set

C. normal fuzzy set

D. sub normal fuzzy set

Correct : B. non convex fuzzy set

96. The cell body of neuron can be analogous to what mathamatical operation?

A. summing

B. differentiator

C. integrator

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : A. summing

97. Conventional Artificial Intelligence is different from soft computing in the sense

A. conventional artificial intelligence deal with prdicate logic where as soft computing deal with fuzzy logic

B. conventional artificial intelligence methods are limited by symbols where as soft computing is based on empirical data

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of the above

Correct : C. both (a) and (b)

98. ______________ is/are the way/s to represent uncertainty.

A. fuzzy logic

B. probability

C. entropy

D. all of the mentioned

Correct : D. all of the mentioned

99. Given two fuzzy sets A and B A={(x1,0.5),(x2,0.1),(x3,0.4)} and B={(x1,0.2),(x2,0.3),(x3,0.5)} then union of 2 sets A U B is

A. {(x1,0.5),(x2,0.1),(x3,0.4)}

B. {(x1,0.5),(x2,0.3),(x3,0.5)}

C. {(x1,0.2),(x2,0.3),(x3,0.5)}

D. {(x1,0.2),(x2,0.1),(x3,0.4)}

Correct : B. {(x1,0.5),(x2,0.3),(x3,0.5)}

100. If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership functions: μa(χ) ={0.2,0.5.,0.6,0.1,0.9} μb (χ)= {0.1,0.5,0.2,0.7,0.8} then the value of μa ∩ μb will be

A. {0.2,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.9}

B. {0.2, 0.5,0.2, 0.1,0.8}

C. {0.1, 0.5, 0.6, 0.1,0.8}

D. {0.1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.1,0.8}

Correct : D. {0.1, 0.5, 0.2, 0.1,0.8}

Quiznetik

Soft Computing and Optimization Algorithms | Set 2

1. What Is Another Name For Fuzzy Inference Systems?

2. In Evolutionary programming, survival selection is

3. In Evolutionary strategy, survival selection is

4. In Evolutionary programming, recombination is

5. In Evolutionary strategy, recombination is

6. Step size in non-adaptive EP :

7. Step size in dynamic EP :

8. Step size in self-adaptive EP :

9. What are normally the two best measurement units for an evolutionary algorithm? 1. Number of evaluations 2. Elapsed time 3. CPU Time 4. Number of generations

10. Evolutionary Strategies (ES)

11. In Evolutionary programming,

12. In Evolutionary Strategy,

13. (1+1) ES

14. (1+λ) ES

15. Termination condition for EA

16. Which of the following operator is simplest selection operator?

17. Which crossover operators are used in evolutionary programming?

18. (1+1) ES

19. Which of these emphasize of development of behavioral models?

20. EP applies which evolutionary operators?

21. Which selection strategy works with negative fitness value?

22. Who can deal with noisy input information

23. Ability to learn how to do task based on the data is done by

24. Which of the following is not a technique of soft computing

25. Fuzzy logic system is based on what type of rule

26. What is the function of dendrites in biological neural network

27. Expert system

28. Three main basic feature involved in characterzing member function are

29. What is the function of cell body in biological neural network

30. What is perceptron

31. Which of the follwing computing is trial and error problem solver algorithm

32. What are advantages of neural network

33. Which of the following does not belong to the process of involuntary computing

34. The Value of crisp set can be

35. The room temrature is hot. Here the hot(use of lingustic variable is used) can be represented by

36. The value of set membership can be represented by

37. Semiconductor layout & aircraft design are the application type of which domain?

38. Trajectory planning is the application type of which domain?

39. Filter design is the application type of which domain?

40. Pokers & Checkers are the application type of which of domain?

41. Manufacturing & resource allocation are the application type of which domain?

42. What is a crossover point in a fuzzy set?

43. If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership function: Ua(X)={0.2,0.5,0.6,0.1,0.9} Ub(X0)={0.1,0.5,0.2,0.7,0.8} THEN what will be the intersection of A and B

44. A={0.1/1+0.2/2+0.3/3} B={0.6/1+0.5/2+0.4/3+0.5/4} Find the set difference

45. With the help of which formula can we find the algebraic sum of two fuzzy sets A,B?

46. With the help of which formula can we find the algebraic product of two fuzzy sets A,B?

47. Which one of the following is the associative property for a crisp set

48. Knowledge base is a combination of

49. _____ is a simulation method that let decision maker see what the model is doing and how it interact.

50. ____systems,especially those developed for the military and video-game industry

51. Which approach is most suited to complex problem with significant uncertainty, a need for experimentation, and time compression?

52. Which of the following is the advantage of simulation?

53. What BEST describes a simulation model in which it is not important to know exactly when a modeled event occurred

54. The defining length of a schema is useful to calculate ______of the schema for__________.

55. categories of EA are/is

56. Phases in which the LCS individuals are evaluated are

57. MA sometimes called as

58. Genetic algorithm is a subset of_______.

59. NP hard problems are also called as________.

60. Genetic algorithm is first introduce by_______.

61. __________ replicates the most successful solutions found in a population at a rate proportional to relative quality.

62. _________ decomposes two distinct solutions and then randomly mixes their parts to form novel solutions.

63. __________ randomly perturbs a candidate solution.

64. A ________ is a template consisting of a string composed of three symbol.

65. {0,1,#} is the symbol alphabet ,where # is a special ______symbol.

66. Metaheuristics are ?1)non deterministic 2)non approximate 3)not problem specific

67. In search techniques, as single point based contradicts population based similary deterministic contradicts ___?

68. In swarm systems organisations are

69. Identify the working sequence of kmean clustering ? 1)redefine cluster centeroids 2)intialize the k centroids 3)make clusters near centroids

70. Every particle in the system takes experience from previous particle ?

71. swarm intelligence includes ? 1)bee colony algorithm 2)ant colony algorithm 3) PSO 4)immune system algorithms

72. pheromone quantity in ACO is ___ proportional to path selection.

73. The ants prefer the smaller drop of honey over the more abundant, but less nutritious, sugar. This is the example of?

74. In kmeans clustering each cluster is associated with

75. What is EC?

76. Recombination is applied to

77. In EA mutation is applied to

78. EV is used for

54. The defining length of a schema is useful to calculate of the schema for____.

85. The truth values of traditional set theory is __ and that of fuzzy set is