Quiznetik

Soft Computing and Optimization Algorithms | Set 1

1. When we say that the boundary is crisp

A. distinguish two regions clearly

B. cannot distinguish two regions clearly

C. collection of ordered pairs

D. none of these

Correct : A. distinguish two regions clearly

2. In computing the output is called as

A. consequent

B. outfeed

C. anticedents

D. premise

Correct : A. consequent

3. Fuzzy logic is a form of

A. two valued logic

B. crisp set logic

C. many value logic

D. binary set logic

Correct : C. many value logic

4. Control actions while computing should be

A. ambiguous

B. unambioguos

C. inaccurate

D. none of these

Correct : B. unambioguos

5. Core of soft computing is

A. fuzzy computing,neural computing,genetic algorithm

B. fuzzy network and artificial intelligence

C. neural science

D. genetic science

Correct : A. fuzzy computing,neural computing,genetic algorithm

6. Hard computing perfforms what type of computation

A. sequential

B. parallel

C. approxiamate

D. both a and b

Correct : A. sequential

7. Who iniated idea of sofft computing

A. charles darwin

B. rich and berg

C. mc culloch

D. lofti a zadeh

Correct : D. lofti a zadeh

8. Soft computing is based on

A. fuzzy logic

B. neural science

C. crisp software

D. binary logic

Correct : A. fuzzy logic

9. In soft computing the problems,algorithms can be

A. non adaptive

B. adaptive

C. static

D. all of the above

Correct : B. adaptive

10. Fuzzy Computing

A. mimics human behaviour

B. deals with inprecise,probablistic

C. exact information

D. both a and b

Correct : D. both a and b

11. Hard computing is also called as

A. evolutionary computing

B. conventional computing

C. non conventional computing

D. probablistic computing

Correct : B. conventional computing

12. Which computing produces accurate results

A. soft computing

B. hard computing

C. both a and b

D. none of the above

Correct : B. hard computing

13. Neural network computing

A. mimics human behaviour

B. information processing paradigm

C. both a and b

D. none of the above

Correct : C. both a and b

14. Artificial neural network is used for

A. pattern recognition

B. classification

C. clustering

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

15. How does blind search differ from optimization

A. blind search represent a guided approach while optimization is unguided

B. blind search usually does not conclude in one step like some optimization methods.

C. blind search cannot result in optimal solution whereas optimization method do

D. none of these

Correct : B. blind search usually does not conclude in one step like some optimization methods.

16. In modeling,an optimal solution is understood to be

A. a solution that can only be determined by an exhaustive enumeration testing of alternatives

B. a solution found in the least possible time and using the least possible computing resources

C. a solution that is the best based on criteria defined in the design phase

D. a solution that requires an algorithm for the determination

Correct : C. a solution that is the best based on criteria defined in the design phase

17. When is a complete enumeration of solution used?

A. when a solution that is "good enough" is fine and good heuristics are available

B. when there is enough time and computational power available

C. when the modeler requires a guided approach to problem solving

D. when there are an infinite number of solution to be searched

Correct : B. when there is enough time and computational power available

18. All of the follwing are true about heuristics EXCEPT

A. heuristics are used when the modeler requires a guided approach to problem solving

B. heuristics are used when a solution that is "good enough" is sought

C. heuristics are used when there is abundant time and computational power

D. heuristics are rules of good judgement

Correct : C. heuristics are used when there is abundant time and computational power

19. Which approach is most suited to structured problem with little uncertainity

A. simuation

B. human intuition

C. optimization

D. genetic algorithm

Correct : C. optimization

20. Genetic algorithm belong to the family of method in the

A. artifical intelligence area

B. optimization area

C. complete enumeration family of methods

D. non computer based isolation area

Correct : A. artifical intelligence area

21. What does the 0 membership value means in the set

A. the object is fully inside the set

B. the object is not in the set

C. the object is partially present in the set

D. none of the above

Correct : B. the object is not in the set

22. The union of two fuzzy sets is the_______of each element from two sets

A. maximum

B. minimum

C. equal to

D. not equal to

Correct : A. maximum

23. The process of fuzzy interference system involes

A. membership functions

B. fuzzy logic operators

C. if-then rules

D. all the above

Correct : D. all the above

24. What does a fuzzifier do

A. coverts crisp input to linguistic variables

B. coverts crisp ouput to linguistic variables

C. coverts fuzzy input to linguistic variables

D. coverts fuzzy output to linguistic variables

Correct : A. coverts crisp input to linguistic variables

25. Which of the folloowing is not defuzzifier method

A. centroid of area

B. mean of maximum

C. largest of maximum

D. hypotenuse of triangle

Correct : D. hypotenuse of triangle

26. Which of the following is/are type of fuzzy interference method

A. mamdani

B. sugeno

C. rivest

D. only a and b

Correct : D. only a and b

27. A Fuzzy rule can have

A. multiple part of antecedent,only single part of consequent

B. only single part of antecedent,mutiple part of consequent

C. multiple part of antecedent,multiple part of consequent

D. only single part of antecedent,only single part of consequent

Correct : C. multiple part of antecedent,multiple part of consequent

28. The a cut of a fuzzy set A is a crisp set defined by :-

A. {x|ua(x)>a}

B. {x|ua(x)>=a}

C. {x|ua(x)<a}

D. {x|ua(x)<=a}

Correct : B. {x|ua(x)>=a}

29. The bandwidth(A) in a fuzzy set is given by

A. (a)=|x1*x2|

B. (a)=|x1+x2|

C. (a)=|x1-x2|

D. (a)=|x1/x2|

Correct : C. (a)=|x1-x2|

30. The intersection of two fuzzy sets is the_______of each element from two sets

A. maximum

B. minimum

C. equal to

D. not equal to

Correct : B. minimum

31. A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the complement of A?

A. {0/a,0.7/b,0.8/c,0.2/d,1/e}

B. {0/a,0.9/b,0.7/c,0.2/d,1/e}

C. {0.8/a,0.7/b,0.8/c,0.7/d,1/e}

D. {0/a,0.7/b,0.8/c,0.9/d,1/e}

Correct : A. {0/a,0.7/b,0.8/c,0.2/d,1/e}

32. A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the union of AUB?

A. {1/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.5/d,0.2/e}

B. {0.8/a,0.9/b,0.2/c,0.5/d,0.2/e}

C. {1/a,0.9/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0.2/e}

D. {1/a,0.9/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0.8/e}

Correct : C. {1/a,0.9/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0.2/e}

33. A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the intersection of A and B ?

A. {0.6/a,0.3/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0/e}

B. {0.6/a,0.8/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0/e}

C. {0.6/a,0.3/b,0.1/c,0.5/d,0/e}

D. {0.6/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.3/d,1/e}

Correct : A. {0.6/a,0.3/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0/e}

34. What denotes the support(A) in a fuzzy set?

A. {x|ua(x)>0}

B. {x|ua(x)<0}

C. {x|ua(x)<=0}

D. {x|ua(x)<0.5}

Correct : A. {x|ua(x)>0}

35. What denotes the core(A) in a fuzzy set?

A. {x|ua(x)>0}

B. {x|ua(x)=1}

C. {x|ua(x)>=0.5}

D. {x|ua(x)>0.8}

Correct : B. {x|ua(x)=1}

36. Fuzzy logic deals with which of the following

A. fuzzy set

B. fuzzy algebra

C. both a and b

D. none of the above

Correct : C. both a and b

37. which of the following is a sequence of steps taken in designning a fuzy logic machine

A. fuzzification->rule evaluation->deffuzification

B. deffuzification->rule evaluation->fuzzification

C. rule evaluation->fuzzification->deffuzification

D. rule evaluation->defuzzification->fuzzification

Correct : A. fuzzification->rule evaluation->deffuzification

38. can a crisp set be a fuzzy set?

A. no

B. yes

C. depends

D. all of the above

Correct : B. yes

39. All of the follwing are suitable problem for genetic algorithm EXCEPT

A. pattern recognization

B. simulation of biological models

C. simple optimization with few variables

D. dynamic process control

Correct : C. simple optimization with few variables

40. Tabu search is an example of ?

A. heuristic

B. evolutionary algorithm

C. aco

D. pso

Correct : A. heuristic

41. Genetic algorithms are example of

A. heuristic

B. evolutionary algorithm

C. aco

D. pso

Correct : B. evolutionary algorithm

42. mutation is applied on __candidates.

A. one

B. two

C. more than two

D. noneof these

Correct : A. one

43. recombination is applied on __candidates.

A. one

B. two

C. more than two

D. noneof these

Correct : B. two

44. LCS belongs to ___ based methods?

A. rule based learning

B. genetic learning

C. both a and b

D. noneof these

Correct : A. rule based learning

45. Survival is ___ approach.

A. deteministic

B. non deterministic

C. semi deterministic

D. noneof these

Correct : A. deteministic

46. Evolutionary algorithms are a ___ based approach

A. heuristic

B. metaheuristic

C. both a and b

D. noneof these

Correct : A. heuristic

47. Idea of genetic algorithm came from

A. machines

B. birds

C. aco

D. genetics

Correct : D. genetics

48. Chromosomes are actually ?

A. line representation

B. string representation

C. circular representation

D. all of these

Correct : B. string representation

49. what are the parameters that affect GA are/is

A. selection process

B. initial population

C. both a and b

D. none of these

Correct : C. both a and b

50. Evolutionary programming was developef by

A. fredrik

B. fodgel

C. frank

D. flin

Correct : B. fodgel

51. Evolution Strategies is developed with

A. selection

B. mutation

C. a population of size one

D. all of these

Correct : D. all of these

52. Evolution Strategies typically uses

A. real-valued vector representations

B. vector representation

C. time based representation

D. none of these

Correct : A. real-valued vector representations

53. in ES survival is

A. indeterministic

B. deterministic

C. both a and b

D. none of these

Correct : D. none of these

54. What is the first step in Evolutionary algorithm

A. termination

B. selection

C. recombination

D. initialization

Correct : D. initialization

55. Elements of ES are/is

A. parent population size

B. survival population size

C. both a and b

D. none of these

Correct : C. both a and b

56. What are different types of crossover

A. discrete and intermedium

B. discrete and continuous

C. continuous and intemedium

D. none of these

Correct : A. discrete and intermedium

57. Determining the duration of the simulation occurs before the model is validated and tested.

A. true

B. false

Correct : B. false

58. _________cannot easily be transferred from one problem domain to another

A. optimal solution

B. analytical solution

C. simulation solutuon

D. none of these

Correct : C. simulation solutuon

59. Discrete events and agent-based models are usuallly used for_____________.

A. middle or low level of abstractions

B. high level of abstraction

C. very high level of abstraction

D. none of these

Correct : A. middle or low level of abstractions

60. _doesnot usually allow decision makers to see how a solution to a _______envolves over time nor can decision makers interact with it.

A. simulation ,complex problem

B. simulation,easy problem

C. genetics,complex problem

D. genetics,easy problem

Correct : A. simulation ,complex problem

61. EC stands for?

A. evolutionary computatons

B. evolutionary computer

C. electronic computations

D. noneof these

Correct : A. evolutionary computatons

62. GA stands for

A. genetic algorithm

B. genetic asssurance

C. genese alforithm

D. noneof these

Correct : A. genetic algorithm

63. LCS stands for

A. learning classes system

B. learning classifier systems

C. learned class system

D. noneof these

Correct : B. learning classifier systems

64. GBML stands for

A. genese based machine learning

B. genes based mobile learning

C. genetic bsed machine learning

D. noneof these

Correct : C. genetic bsed machine learning

65. EV is dominantly used for solving ___.

A. optimization problems

B. np problem

C. simple problems

D. noneof these

Correct : A. optimization problems

66. EV is considered as?

A. adaptive

B. complex

C. both a and b

D. noneof these

Correct : C. both a and b

67. Parameters that affect GA

A. initial population

B. selection process

C. fitness function

D. all of these

Correct : D. all of these

68. Fitness function should be

A. maximum

B. minimum

C. intermediate

D. noneof these

Correct : B. minimum

69. Applying recombination and mutation leads to a set of new candidates, called as ?

A. sub parents

B. parents

C. offsprings

D. grand child

Correct : C. offsprings

70. ____ decides who becomes parents and how many children the parents have.

A. parent combination

B. parent selection

C. parent mutation

D. parent replace

Correct : B. parent selection

71. Basic elements of EA are ?

A. parent selection methods

B. survival selection methods

C. both a and b

D. noneof these

Correct : C. both a and b

72. There are also other operators, more linguistic in nature, called __________ that can be applied to fuzzy set theory.

A. hedges

B. lingual variable

C. fuzz variable

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : A. hedges

73. A fuzzy set has a membership function whose membership values are strictly monotonically increasing or strictly monotonically decreasing or strictly monotonically increasing than strictly monotonically decreasing with increasing values for elements in the universe

A. convex fuzzy set

B. concave fuzzy set

C. non concave fuzzy set

D. non convex fuzzy set

Correct : A. convex fuzzy set

74. Which of the following neural networks uses supervised learning? (A) Multilayer perceptron (B) Self organizing feature map (C) Hopfield network

A. (a) only

B. (b) only

C. (a) and (b) only

D. (a) and (c) only

Correct : A. (a) only

75. What is the feature of ANNs due to which they can deal with noisy, fuzzy, inconsistent data?

A. associative nature of networks

B. distributive nature of networks

C. both associative & distributive

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : C. both associative & distributive

76. Feature of ANN in which ANN creates its own organization or representation of information it receives during learning time is

A. adaptive learning

B. self organization

C. what-if analysis

D. supervised learning

Correct : B. self organization

77. Any soft-computing methodology is characterised by

A. precise solution

B. control actions are unambiguous and accurate

C. control actions is formally defined

D. algorithm which can easily adapt with the change of dynamic environment

Correct : D. algorithm which can easily adapt with the change of dynamic environment

78. For what purpose Feedback neural networks are primarily used?

A. classification

B. feature mapping

C. pattern mapping

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : D. none of the mentioned

79. Operations in the neural networks can perform what kind of operations?

A. serial

B. parallel

C. serial or parallel

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : C. serial or parallel

80. What is ART in neural networks?

A. automatic resonance theory

B. artificial resonance theory

C. adaptive resonance theory

D. none of the mentioned

Correct : C. adaptive resonance theory

81. The values of the set membership is represented by ___________

A. discrete set

B. degree of truth

C. probabilities

D. both degree of truth & probabilities

Correct : B. degree of truth

82. Given U = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7} A = {(3, 0.7), (5, 1), (6, 0.8)} then A will be: (where ~ → complement)

A. {(4, 0.7), (2,1), (1,0.8)}

B. {(4, 0.3.): (5, 0), (6. 0.2) }

C. {(l, 1), (2, 1), (3, 0.3), (4, 1), (6,0.2), (7, 1)}

D. {(3, 0.3), (6.0.2)}

Correct : C. {(l, 1), (2, 1), (3, 0.3), (4, 1), (6,0.2), (7, 1)}

83. What are the following sequence of steps taken in designing a fuzzy logic machine ?

A. fuzzification → rule evaluation → defuzzification

B. fuzzification → defuzzification → rule evaluation

C. rule evaluation → fuzzification → defuzzification

D. rule evaluation → defuzzification → fuzzification

Correct : A. fuzzification → rule evaluation → defuzzification

84. If A and B are two fuzzy sets with membership functions μA(x) = {0.6, 0.5, 0.1, 0.7, 0.8} μB(x) = {0.9, 0.2, 0.6, 0.8, 0.5} Then the value of μ(A∪B)’(x) will be

A. {0.9, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8, 0.8}

B. {0.6, 0.2, 0.1, 0.7, 0.5}

C. {0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2}

D. {0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.3}

Correct : C. {0.1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2}

85. Compute the value of adding the following two fuzzy integers: A = {(0.3,1), (0.6,2), (1,3), (0.7,4), (0.2,5)} B = {(0.5,11), (1,12), (0.5,13)} Where fuzzy addition is defined as μA+B(z) = maxx+y=z (min(μA(x), μB(x))) Then, f(A+B) is equal to

A. {(0.5,12), (0.6,13), (1,14), (0.7,15), (0.7,16), (1,17), (1,18)}

B. {(0.5,12), (0.6,13), (1,14), (1,15), (1,16), (1,17), (1,18)}

C. {(0.3,12), (0.5,13), (0.5,14), (1,15), (0.7,16), (0.5,17), (0.2,18)}

D. {(0.3,12), (0.5,13), (0.6,14), (1,15), (0.7,16), (0.5,17), (0.2,18)}

Correct : D. {(0.3,12), (0.5,13), (0.6,14), (1,15), (0.7,16), (0.5,17), (0.2,18)}

86. A U (B U C) =

A. (a ∩ b) ∩ (a ∩ c)

B. (a ∪ b ) ∪ c

C. (a ∪ b) ∩ (a ∪ c)

D. b ∩ a ∪ c

Correct : B. (a ∪ b ) ∪ c

87. Consider a fuzzy set A defined on the interval X = [0, 10] of integers by the membership Junction μA(x) = x / (x+2) Then the α cut corresponding to α = 0.5 will be

A. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

B. {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

C. {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

D. none of the above

Correct : C. {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}

88. The fuzzy proposition "IF X is E then Y is F" is a

A. conditional unqualified proposition

B. unconditional unqualified proposition

C. conditional qualified proposition

D. unconditional qualified proposition

Correct : A. conditional unqualified proposition

89. Choose the correct statement 1. A fuzzy set is a crisp set but the reverse is not true 2. If A,B and C are three fuzzy sets defined over the same universe of discourse such that A ≤ B and B ≤ C and A ≤ C 3. Membership function defines the fuzziness in a fuzzy set irrespecive of the elements in the set, which are discrete or continuous

A. 1 only

B. 2 and 3

C. 1,2 and 3

D. none of these

Correct : B. 2 and 3

90. An equivalence between Fuzzy vs Probability to that of Prediction vs Forecasting is

A. fuzzy ≈ prediction

B. fuzzy ≈ forecasting

C. probability ≈ forecasting

D. none of these

Correct : B. fuzzy ≈ forecasting

91. Both fuzzy logic and artificial neural network are soft computing techniques because

A. both gives precise and accurate result

B. ann gives accurate result, but fuzzy logic does not

C. in each, no precise mathematical model of problem is acquired

D. fuzzy gives exact result but ann does not

Correct : C. in each, no precise mathematical model of problem is acquired

92. A fuzzy set whose membership function has at least one element x in the universe whose membership value is unity is called

A. sub normal fuzzy sets

B. normal fuzzy set

C. convex fuzzy set

D. concave fuzzy set

Correct : B. normal fuzzy set

93. ----- defines logic funtion of two prepositions

A. prepositions

B. lingustic hedges

C. truth tables

D. inference rules

Correct : C. truth tables

94. In fuzzy propositions, ---- gives an approximate idea of the number of elements of a subset fulfilling certain conditions

A. fuzzy predicate and predicate modifiers

B. fuzzy quantifiers

C. fuzzy qualifiers

D. all of the above

Correct : B. fuzzy quantifiers

95. Multiple conjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC

A. decomposition rule

B. formation of rule

C. truth tables

D. all of the above

Correct : A. decomposition rule

96. Multiple disjuctives antecedents is method of ----- in FLC

A. decomposition rule

B. formation of rule

C. truth tables

D. all of the above

Correct : A. decomposition rule

97. IF x is A and y is B then z=c (c is constant), is

A. rule in zero order fis

B. rule in first order fis

C. both a and b

D. neither a nor b

Correct : A. rule in zero order fis

98. A fuzzy set wherein no membership function has its value equal to 1 is called

A. normal fuzzy set

B. subnormal fuzzy set.

C. convex fuzzy set

D. concave fuzzy set

Correct : B. subnormal fuzzy set.

99. Mamdani's Fuzzy Inference Method Was Designed To Attempt What?

A. control any two combinations of any two products by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.

B. control any two combinations of any two products by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.

C. control a steam engine and a boiler combination by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.

D. control a air craft and fuel level combination by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.

Correct : C. control a steam engine and a boiler combination by synthesising a set of linguistic control rules obtained from experienced human operations.

100. What Are The Two Types Of Fuzzy Inference Systems?

A. model-type and system-type

B. momfred-type and semigi-type

C. mamdani-type and sugeno-type

D. mihni-type and sujgani-type

Correct : C. mamdani-type and sugeno-type

Quiznetik

Soft Computing and Optimization Algorithms | Set 1

1. When we say that the boundary is crisp

2. In computing the output is called as

3. Fuzzy logic is a form of

4. Control actions while computing should be

5. Core of soft computing is

6. Hard computing perfforms what type of computation

7. Who iniated idea of sofft computing

8. Soft computing is based on

9. In soft computing the problems,algorithms can be

10. Fuzzy Computing

11. Hard computing is also called as

12. Which computing produces accurate results

13. Neural network computing

14. Artificial neural network is used for

15. How does blind search differ from optimization

16. In modeling,an optimal solution is understood to be

17. When is a complete enumeration of solution used?

18. All of the follwing are true about heuristics EXCEPT

19. Which approach is most suited to structured problem with little uncertainity

20. Genetic algorithm belong to the family of method in the

21. What does the 0 membership value means in the set

22. The union of two fuzzy sets is the_______of each element from two sets

23. The process of fuzzy interference system involes

24. What does a fuzzifier do

25. Which of the folloowing is not defuzzifier method

26. Which of the following is/are type of fuzzy interference method

27. A Fuzzy rule can have

28. The a cut of a fuzzy set A is a crisp set defined by :-

29. The bandwidth(A) in a fuzzy set is given by

30. The intersection of two fuzzy sets is the_______of each element from two sets

31. A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the complement of A?

32. A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the union of AUB?

33. A={1/a,0.3/b,0.2/c,0.8/d,0/e} B={0.6/a,0.9/b,0.1/c,0.3/d,0.2/e} What will be the intersection of A and B ?

34. What denotes the support(A) in a fuzzy set?

35. What denotes the core(A) in a fuzzy set?

36. Fuzzy logic deals with which of the following

37. which of the following is a sequence of steps taken in designning a fuzy logic machine

38. can a crisp set be a fuzzy set?

39. All of the follwing are suitable problem for genetic algorithm EXCEPT

40. Tabu search is an example of ?

41. Genetic algorithms are example of

42. mutation is applied on __candidates.

43. recombination is applied on __candidates.

44. LCS belongs to ___ based methods?

45. Survival is ___ approach.

46. Evolutionary algorithms are a ___ based approach

47. Idea of genetic algorithm came from

48. Chromosomes are actually ?

49. what are the parameters that affect GA are/is

50. Evolutionary programming was developef by

51. Evolution Strategies is developed with

52. Evolution Strategies typically uses

53. in ES survival is

54. What is the first step in Evolutionary algorithm

55. Elements of ES are/is

56. What are different types of crossover

57. Determining the duration of the simulation occurs before the model is validated and tested.

58. _________cannot easily be transferred from one problem domain to another

59. Discrete events and agent-based models are usuallly used for_____________.

60. _____doesnot usually allow decision makers to see how a solution to a ___________envolves over time nor can decision makers interact with it.

61. EC stands for?

62. GA stands for

63. LCS stands for

64. GBML stands for

65. EV is dominantly used for solving ___.

66. EV is considered as?

67. Parameters that affect GA

68. Fitness function should be

69. Applying recombination and mutation leads to a set of new candidates, called as ?

70. ____ decides who becomes parents and how many children the parents have.

71. Basic elements of EA are ?

72. There are also other operators, more linguistic in nature, called __________ that can be applied to fuzzy set theory.

73. A fuzzy set has a membership function whose membership values are strictly monotonically increasing or strictly monotonically decreasing or strictly monotonically increasing than strictly monotonically decreasing with increasing values for elements in the universe

74. Which of the following neural networks uses supervised learning? (A) Multilayer perceptron (B) Self organizing feature map (C) Hopfield network

75. What is the feature of ANNs due to which they can deal with noisy, fuzzy, inconsistent data?

76. Feature of ANN in which ANN creates its own organization or representation of information it receives during learning time is

77. Any soft-computing methodology is characterised by

78. For what purpose Feedback neural networks are primarily used?

60. _doesnot usually allow decision makers to see how a solution to a _______envolves over time nor can decision makers interact with it.