Recent Trends in Western Philosophy | Set 2
1. ------------- proposes a picture theory of language.
2. In Tractatus Wittgenstein proposed a -------------- theory of language.
3. ----------- is the author of Philosophical Investigations.
4. In Philosophical Investigations Wittgenstein proposed a -------------- theory of
language.
5. ----------- is the author of The Blue and Brown Books.
6. ----------------‘s theory that it is only by picturing reality that propositions acquire
sense, or meaning.
7. According to ----------------Metaphysical statements are not empirically verifiable and
are thus meaningless.
8. According to -----------------, there are only two sources of knowledge: logical
reasoning and empirical experience.
9. According to --------------------synthetic a priori does not exist.
10. According to ------------------Philosophy is the activity by means of which the meaning
of statements is clarified and defined.
11. ----------- statements are a priori and their truth is based on the rules of the language.
12. Synthetic statements depend on experience, and their truth can be acknowledged only
by means of the experience.
13. ------------- has proposed a hermeneutic phenomenology.
14. ---------- was originally the theory and method of interpreting the Bible and other
difficult texts.
15. ------------ extended Hermeneutics to the interpretation of all human acts and products,
including history and the interpretation of a human life
16. According to ----------human being is the being that itself understands and interprets.
17. ---------- is the collection of rules that govern how words are assembled into meaningful
sentences.
18. --------------considers the meaning of words themselves and the meaning of word
phrases.
19. -------- is the study of how language is used
20. --------- is the study of signs.
21. ------- is the founder of Semiotics.
22. -------------saw linguistics as a branch of 'semiology.'
23. ---------- refers to the system of rules and conventions which is independent of, and preexists, individual users.
24. -------- refers to its use in particular instances.
25. ----------- is the sound associated with or image of something (e.g., a tree).
26. -----------is the idea or concept of the thing (e.g., the idea of a tree),
27. --------is the object that combines the signifier and the signified into a meaningful unit.
28. A------- must have both a signifier and a signified.
29. Accrording to Sassure the relation between ---------- and signified is arbitrary.
30. According to ---------- the 'value' of a sign depends on its relations with other signs
within the system.
31. According to ------- language plays a crucial role in 'constructing reality'.
32. ------------- is the study of structures of consciousness as experienced from the firstperson point of view.
33. ----------- is the study of appearances of things, or things as they appear in our
experience.
34. For -----------, phenomenology integrates a kind of psychology with a kind of logic.
35. Husserl was the student of -----------
36. Husserl is accused of ----------- by Frege.
37. -------- is the author of Psychology From an Empirical Standpoint.
38. ---------------- is the author of Philosophy of Arithmetic.
39. ---------------- is the author of Philosophical Investigations.
40. ------------ is the author of the essay ‘Philosophy as rigorous science’.
41. Husserl opposes ------------
42. ----- attitude is the ordinary stance with respect to the world that takes for granted the
givenness of the objects.
43. --------------- concentrates on what is given in experience.
44. Husserl developed a ------------ phenomenology.
45. The term phenomenology was first used by ---------------.
46. According to Husserl ---------- is not the capacity of the consciousness but its very
structure.
47. ---------- is a lived experience.
48. According to ---------------- meaning is not linguistic but intentional.
49. --------- distinguishes between natural attitude and phenomenological attitude.
50. ___________ thought underwent a transcendental turn.
51. The ------------ reduction is a suspension of judgments about the existence or nonexistence of the external world.
52. ------------ reduction tries is to identify the basic components of phenomena.
53. Husserl called descriptive analysis ---------- phenomenology
54. The ------------- attitude is a turn towards the source of world’s meaning.
55. According to ----------- language is not the original bearer of meaning.
56. ----------- consider that he has widened the sphere of meaning to include all intentional
acts.
57. Unlike ---------- Husserl did not differentiate between noumenal and phenomenal realm.
58. The -------- is a naïve acceptance of reality as a domain of facts independent of
consciousness.
59. The ----------- attitude is a turn towards world’s meaning .
60. ---------- discloses the world as a correlative of transcendental subjectivity.
61. ------------ are the pre given context in which we find ourselves .
62. ----------- is the author of Being and Time .
63. The central theme of ---------'s philosophy is the question concerning the meaning of
being .
64. ----------- attempted to access being (Sein) by means of phenomenological analysis of
human existence (Dasein) in respect to its temporal and historical character.
65. The central problem for ------------ is the problem of constitution: How is the world as
phenomenon constituted in our consciousness?
66. ----------- asks: “What is the mode of being of that being in which the world constitutes
itself?”
67. Heidegger’s attempt to overcome western metaphysics is influenced by -------.
68. The being of Dasein is made visible as --------
69. Dasein’s primordial relationship to others is one of -----------.
70. ---------- is presuppositionless science of consciousness.
71. ----------- is essentially temporal.
72. The temporal character of ------------- is derived from the tripartite ontological
structure: existence, thrownness, and fallenness .
73. For --------- an essence is that which holds throughout all perceptions of an object.
74. ---------- is critical of the ontotheological conception of substance.
75. The task of --------------- is to distinguish between being and entities.
76. According to phenomenology is subservient to fundamental ontology .
77. --------- claims that existence is the only essence that consciousness has.
78. --------------- is the founder of phenomenology.
79. According to Frege Husserl was a proponent of -------------.
80. According to ---------“A human being is absolutely free and absolutely responsible.
Anguish is the result.”
81. According to -----------“Existence precedes essence.”
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82. According to--------- man is condemned to be free.
83. ----------- essential description of consciousness is simply that consciousness is always
consciousness of something, but by itself is nothing.
84. The facticity of freedom according to ------- is the fact that human beings are not free
to not be free.
85. According to -------------bad faith is our attempt to avoid our own freedom.
86. ------------ used the example of understanding a sentence as an example of the circular
course of hermeneutic understanding.
87. The --------------- circle is one of the most fundamental and contentious doctrines of
hermeneutical theory.
88. --------- is the author of Being and Nothingness
89. ___________ is a theistic existentialist.
90. --------- defines consciousness in terms of nothingness.
91. ------------- is an atheistic existentialist.
92. According to ----------- subjective truth cannot be represented with the categories of
abstract reason.
93. ------------------- is the author of Sickness unto Death.
94. Existentialism s a humanism is an article by ---------.
95. ------------------- is the author of Either /or
96. ‘Existence precedes essence’ is a famous dictum by-------------.
97. Kierkegaard was the first person to use existence in a ----------- sense .
98. Søren Kierkegaard identified ---- possible stages that a person can move through in
their lifetime.
99. The main motivation in ------------stage is pleasure.
100. In the --------- stage we feel responsibilities toward others — both particular others
and others in general.