Correct : D. Increases the pancreatic Secretion of water and HCO3-.
2. I nhibition of the myenteric plexus leads to which of the following?
Correct : B. Decreased gut motility.
3. the Secretion of gastrin cease(stop):
Correct : B. When the PH of the gastric content is Decreased below 2.
4. Stimulation of sub mucosal plexus result in an Increase in which of
the following?
Correct : B. Secretion of the gut.
5. About the GIT hormones affecting gastric function:
Correct : D. GIP and VIP inhibit gastric Secretion.
6. Cholecystokinin:
Correct : A. Release is Stimulated by protein hydrolysates in the lumen of the small intestine.
7. Amajor part of the gall bladder contractions are due to:
Correct : D. A hormone synthesized by duodenal mucosa .
8. The major factor that Stimulates the release of Secretin into the blood stream is:
Correct : A. An acid PH of the chyme entering the duodenum.
9. It is known that gastrin:
Correct : C. Reaches the secretory cells of the fundus of the stomach through the blood and not through the lumen.
10. It is known that secretin:
Correct : B. Is a small polypeptide synthesized by the intestinal mucosa .
11. Secretin IS released by:
Correct : C. S cells in the duodenal mucosa.
12. Concerning the gastrin hormone:
Correct : D. It is structurally similar to CCK .
13. About the GIP,all the following are true except:
Correct : C. Its release is Stimulated by presence of excess fat.
14. The GIT hormone are characterized by all the following except:
Correct : C. Their effects are abolished by cutting the nervous connections of GIT.
15. About the GRP,all the followings are true except:
Correct : A. It inhibit the intestinal motility.(through librating gastrin).
16. all the followings are correct about gastrin except:
Correct : C. Its secretion is increased by secretin.
17. Apatient with trigeminal lesion would have the greatest difficulty with which of the following?
Correct : B. Chewing.
18. Mastication:
Correct : B. Includes both voluntary and reflex components.
19. Man is unable to digest dietary:
Correct : D. Cellulose.
20. The salivary amylase:
Correct : C. Digest mainly cooked starch.
21. During the chewing of a bolus of food, but before Swallowing, salivary secretion ,gastric secretion and pancreatic secretion are stimulated by which the following?
Correct : A. Acetylecholine,gastrin,histamine.
22. Thesalivary secretion:
Correct : B. Is Produced by a nervous mechanism Only.
23. About salivary glands, which of the following statement is true?
Correct : C. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves stimulate t heir secretion.
24. The saliva (true or false)?
Correct : D. secreted by submandibular glands is about 70%of the total secretion .
25. The presentation of a bolus of solid food to the mouth:
Correct : D. All are correct.
26. The salivary secretion (true or false)?
Correct : C. A and B are correct.
27. The salivary secretion:
Correct : D. Markedly Increases by parasympathetic stimulatation.
28. Salivation can become a conditioned reflex .This suggests that:
Correct : C. The cerebral cortex partially controls salivation.
29. Saliva is characterized by all the following except:
Correct : A. Its concentration of K+ is the same as that in plasma.
30. which of the following statements about salivary secretion is untrue?
Correct : C. It is largely under hormonal control.
31. which of the following statements about salivary secretion is untrue?
Correct : A. ) saliva has constant composition regardless the rate of secretion.
32. The pharyngeal phase of Swallowing:
Correct : B. Involves closure of larynx by the vocal cord.
33. The act of Swallowing is associated with:
Correct : A. Concurrent inhibition of respiration.
34. during which stage of Swallowing is respiration inhibited?
Correct : B. pharyngeal stage.
35. Deglutition (Swallowing):
Correct : A. Is a complicated act requiring the precise coordination of many muscle group.
36. During a normal Swallowing sequences ,the smooth muscle which surrounds the gastro esophageal junction.
Correct : B. Relaxes even before the oncoming peristaltic wave has arrived.
37. Select a single incorrect answer about Swallowing:
Correct : C. Food is prevented from entering the nose during swallowing by elevation of epiglottis.
38. Esophageal peristalsis:
Correct : D. All are correct.
39. The musculature of the esophagus below the pharynx is:
Correct : B. Mainly striated.
40. Secondary esophageal peristalsis:
Correct : C. Is accompanied by lower esophageal sphincter relaxation.
41. In contrast to Secondary esophageal peristalsis,primary esophageal
peristalsis characterized by which of the following statements?
Correct : D. It has an oropharyngeal phase.
42. All the following statements about esophagus are true except:
Correct : C. LES contracts during Swallowing .
43. HCL secretion in the stomach:
Correct : D. Require presence of carbonic anhydrase enzyme.
44. Gastric emptying:
Correct : C. Is inhibited by excessive acidity in the duodenum.
45. Acidification of the duodenum will:
Correct : C. Decrease gastric emptying.
46. Oxyntic or parietal cells secrete:
Correct : A. HCL.
47. Ingesting antacids with and after a meal so that PH doesn`t decrease below 6 will cause a greater than normal secretion of:
Correct : A. Gastrin.
48. The pangs associated with hunger :
Correct : B. Are accompanied with feeling of hunger and pain in the pit of the stomach.
49. Chronic gastritis is often associated with which of the following :
Correct : D. pernicious anemia.
50. Vitamin B12 absorption :
Correct : A. Depends on presence of intrinsic factor.
51. The secretion of the intrinsic factor occurs in :
Correct : A. Parietal cells of the stomach.
52. So-called hunger pangs :
Correct : C. Are more common if starvation is associated with hypoglycaemia.
53. Basal acid output is increased with which of the following :
Correct : D. Alkalinization of the antrum.
54. The cephalic phase of gastric secretion :
Correct : C. Is controlled by the vagi nerves.
55. Gastric HCL secretion :
Correct : D. plays a significant rule in iron absorption.
56. The gastric peristalsis (True or False) :
Correct : A. Depends on the basis of electric rhythm (BER).
57. All of the following statements are untrue except:
Correct : C. Peptic ulcers tend to heal by removal of the pyloric antrum.
58. Which of the following statement is true?:
Correct : A. The intrinsic factors is secreted by the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa.
59. Under normal condition, the gastric secretion is:
Correct : C. Increased by distention of the stomach.
60. About pepsins:
Correct : D. Their optimum pH of action is 1.6- 3.2.
61. The stomach is a poor area for absorption primarily because:
Correct : D. The stomach lacks villous membranes.
62. Hydrochloric acid secretion:
Correct : B. Requires the dissociation of water with subsequent exchange of the hydrogen ion for potassium ion.
63. A 45 years old man is found to have a condition in which the parietal cells of his stomach have been destroyed by an autoimmune mechanism. This condition is often associated with which of the following?:
Correct : A. Prenicious anaemia.
64. It’s believed that in parietal cells of the gastric mucosa (which secrete hydrochloric acid), an active transport system is responsible for the transmembrane passage of:
Correct : A. Chloride
65. Pepsin, secreted by the gastric mucosa:
Correct : C. Is synthesized within the chief cells.
66. Acid secretion in ulcer disease can be reduced by which of the following?
Correct : B. Blockage of histamine H₂ receptors.
67. The normally innervated stomach (True or False):
Correct : A. Is stimulated to secrete gastric juice when food is chewed, even if it’s not swallowed
68. Under the normal conditions, the bulk of gastric secretions are produces:
Correct : B. While the food stays in the stomach.
69. Mucous presents on the surface of the mucosa of the stomach,smal and large intestine is:
Correct : A. Resistant to enzymes secreted into the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract.
70. The enterogastric reflex can be elicted by which of the following?:
Correct : D. All of the above
71. The secretion of gastrin by the pyloric antrum ceases:
Correct : B. When the gastric mucosa contents have a pH of about 2.0
72. Gastric peristalsis:
Correct : B. Is characterized by strong contractions of the antrum at the end of the wave.
73. Which of the following substances is released from the duodenal mucosa in response to acidic gastric juice?:
Correct : B. Secretin
74. Which of the following hormones is involved in the initiation of the migrating motor comples?:
Correct : B. Motilin
75. The main function of the cardiac sphincter of the stomach is to:
Correct : A. Prevent the reflux of the gastric contetnt to the esophagus
76. Which of the following statements is correct?:
Correct : C. The hunger contractions disappear after bilateral vagotomy or damage of the feeding center in the hypothalamus.
77. Which of the following is the major factor that protects the duodenal mucosa from the damage by gastric acid?:
Correct : A. Pancreatic bicarbonate secretions.
78. Which of the following substances is released from the duodenal mucosa in response to acidic gastric juice?:
Correct : C. Secretin
79. A 42years old salesman presents with the chief complaint of intermittent midepigastric pain that is relieved by antacids or eating. Gatric analysis reveals that basal and maximal acid output exceed normal values. The gastric hypersecretion can be explained by an increase in the plasma concentration of which of the following?:
Correct : C. Gastrin
80. Removal of the stomach can lead to all of the following except:
Correct : A. Marked digestive disturbances
81. HCl secretion includes all the following processes except:
Correct : B. H⁺ is exchanged for K⁺ from the extracellular fluid
82. The gastric juice has all the following characteristics except:
Correct : D. It’s antibacterial action is produced by its mucous content
83. Gastric secretion is inhibited by all the following except:
Correct : B. Presence of excess protein digestive products in the stomach
84. Concerning HCl secretion, all the following is true except:
Correct : B. It’s stimulated by gastrin, acetylcholine,histamine and norepinephiren
85. All the following statements are true except:
Correct : B. Diamox (a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor) increases both gastric HCL formation and the HCO₃⁻ content in the pancreatic juice
86. Which of the following statement is wrong?:
Correct : B. The cephalic phase of gastric secretion involves no release of gastrin.
87. The following statements about gastric secretion are correct except:
Correct : D. Gastric secretion is associated with increased H⁺ concentrarion in venous blood coming from stomach
88. hich of the following statements about gastric secretion is incorrect:
Correct : C. Gastric secretion increases in response to the presence of food in mouth after the vagi to stomach have been cut
89. A 55 years old man with a history of chronic alcohol consumption presents to his local physician with non specific complaints of dyspepsia. Examination and diagnostic testing reveal that he has destruction of the gastric glands. The condition would predispose the patient to which of the following?:
Correct : D. Anaemia
90. Which of the following statement about motor function of stomach
is untrue?:
Correct : C. The enterogastric reflex stimulates gastric emptying
91. Which of the following statement about motor function of stomach is untrue?:
Correct : A. Motility of stomach increases when fat enters duodenum
92. Vomiting:
Correct : C. May be produced by conditioned reflex
93. Vomiting:
Correct : C. Of green fluid suggests that duodenal contents have regurgitated into the stomach
94. The so-called chemoreceptor trigger zone:
Correct : C. Is sensitive to the action of morphine
95. As regards the process of vomiting:
Correct : D. It’s associated with relaxation of the body and fundus of the stomach
96. A pyloric obstruction in an infant which results in a prolonged bout of sever vomiting is likely to cause a primary:
Correct : B. Metabolic alkalosis
97. An obstruction of the small bowel leading to sever vomiting with a preponderant loss of duodenal contents is likely to cause a primary:
Correct : A. Metabolic acidosis
98. A likely reason why a to and fro motion, such as that encountered during airplane flights or in an automobile ride over a bumpy road, tends to cause nausea and vomiting, is because during such motions:
Correct : D. Vestibular reflex eventually excite a chemoreceptor trigger zone in the medulla
99. Select a single incorrect answer about vomiting:
Correct : A. Vomiting center is in hypothalamus
100. Trypsinogen in pancreatic juice is activated by: