Quiznetik

Anatomy | Set 4

1. Of the hip joint ligaments and capsule:

A. capsule attaches circumferentially to neck of???? anterior trochanteric line

B. retinacular fibres of capsule bind down nutrient ????? from cruciate anaster?????

C. iliofemoral ligament becomes taut on medial rotation and extension

D. all three ligaments attach to capsule and completely enclose joint

E. psoas major tendon separates capsule from femoral nerve

Correct : C. iliofemoral ligament becomes taut on medial rotation and extension

2. Superficial cutaneous nerves supplying the thigh include the following EXCEPT:

A. ilioinguinal nerve

B. saphenous nerve

C. femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve

D. medial femoral cutaneous nerve

E. intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve

Correct : B. saphenous nerve

3. The flexor compartment of the thigh contains which of the following muscles?

4. Which of the following is true of the great saphenous vein?

A. it passes posterior to the medial malleolus

B. it runs behind the lateral border of the tibia

C. it passes through the ???cribriform fascia covering the saphenous opening below the inguinal ligament

D. it joins the femoral vein from the anterolateral side

E. it has no tributaries

Correct : C. it passes through the ???cribriform fascia covering the saphenous opening below the inguinal ligament

5. Which is not an origin of vastus lateralis?

A. upper half of the intertrochanteric line

B. aponeurosis of tensor fascia lata

C. lateral lip of the linea aspera

D. upper two thirds of the lateral supracondylar line of femur

E. lateral intermuscular septum

Correct : B. aponeurosis of tensor fascia lata

6. Regarding the adductor canal:

A. it contains the nerve to vastus intermedialis

B. contents leave by piercing adductor longus

C. the femoral artery is always between the saphenous nerve and femoral vein in the thigh

D. below the adductor hiatus, the canal is occupied by the saphenous nerve of the descending genicular nerve

E. at the adductor hiatus, the femoral vein is medial to the artery

Correct : C. the femoral artery is always between the saphenous nerve and femoral vein in the thigh

7. At the hip:

A. the ligament of the head of the femur is attached to the acetabular notch

B. the pubofemoral ligament is the weakest ligament at the hip

C. flexion tightens the ligaments

D. the obturator nerve via its anterior division, innervates the capsule and retinacular fibres

E. the normal range of flexion is 160°

Correct : D. the obturator nerve via its anterior division, innervates the capsule and retinacular fibres

8. Regarding the cuneiform bones:

A. the lateral is the smallest

B. tibialis anterior is inserted into a facet on the intermediate cuneiform

C. flexor hallucis brevis has an origin on the medial cuneiform

D. the anterior surface of the medial cuneiform is triangular in shape

E. the second metatarsal bone articulates with all three cuneiforms

Correct : E. the second metatarsal bone articulates with all three cuneiforms

9. Regarding the dorsum of the foot:

A. cutaneous innervation is primarily from the sural nerve

B. extensor digitorum brevis gives off four tendons to the lateral four toes

C. the superficial peroneal nerve divides into medial and lateral branches below the ankle

D. the inferior extensor retinaculum joins medial and lateral malleoli

E. dorsalis pedis artery runs to the base of the first intermetatarsal space

Correct : E. dorsalis pedis artery runs to the base of the first intermetatarsal space

10. Regarding the sole of the foot:

A. the heel is supplied by lateral calcanean nerves

B. flexor hallucis brevis lies in the first muscular layer

C. flexor digitorum brevis is the lower limb equivalent of flexor digitorum superficialis

D. the plantar arteries and nerves lie between the second and third muscular layers

E. the medial plantar artery forms the plantar arch with dorsalis pedis artery

Correct : C. flexor digitorum brevis is the lower limb equivalent of flexor digitorum superficialis

11. At the ankle joint:

A. the distal fibular is not part of the joint

B. the medial ligament is made up of three separate bands

C. the posterior tibiofibular ligament is also known as posterior transverse ligament

D. the long and short peronei muscles assist in plantar flexion

E. nerve supply is from the anterior and posterior tibial nerves

Correct : D. the long and short peronei muscles assist in plantar flexion

12. Which is NOT true about fractured neck of femurs?

A. the leg is shortened and externally rotated in most fractured neck of femurs

B. the main source of blood to the femoral head is via the vessels running within cancellous bone from the diaphysis

C. a subcapital fracture cuts off all the blood to the head of the femur resulting in avascular necrosis

D. the blood supply to the head is increased by vessels in the capsular retinacula and it is this which prevents avascular necrosis of the head after an intertrochanteric fracture

E. the ligamentum teres attaches to the central fovea???? on the femoral head and originates from the acetabulum

Correct : C. a subcapital fracture cuts off all the blood to the head of the femur resulting in avascular necrosis

13. Trendelenburg’s test is negative if:

A. the hip adductors are paralysed (eg in poliomyelitis)

B. there is an old unreduced or congenital dislocation of the hip

C. there is an ununited fracture of the neck of femur

D. the patient walks with a dipping gait

E. gluteus minimus and medius and tensor fascia latae are weakened severely

Correct : A. the hip adductors are paralysed (eg in poliomyelitis)

14. Which of the following structures can be missing in a completely stable and functional knee?

15. Which statement about femoral hernias is INCORRECT?

A. it is commoner in males than females

B. it is never due to a congenital sac

C. the femoral cord acts as a lymphatic pathway from the lower limb to the external iliac nodes

D. the neck of a femoral hernia can be distinguished from an inguinal hernia because it lies below and lateral to the pubic tubercle

E. the femoral cord normally contains a fat plug and cloquet’s gland but can also accommodate a distended femoral vein

Correct : A. it is commoner in males than females

16. In the sole:

A. plantar arteries and nerves lie between second and third layers

B. the myotome is essentially S1

C. the medial plantar nerve supplies the medial 4½ toes

D. tendons for peroneus longus and tibialis posterior lie in the third layer

E. abductor digiti minimi is in the first layer

Correct : E. abductor digiti minimi is in the first layer

17. Which is supplied by the medial plantar nerve?

18. At the ankle:

A. the capsule is attached to the posterior tibiofibular ligament

B. the deltoid ligament has three parts

C. the joint is a simple hinge joint

D. the joint undergoes dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion and eversion

E. nerve supply is deep and superficial peroneal nerves and tibial nerves

Correct : A. the capsule is attached to the posterior tibiofibular ligament

19. The cruciate anastomosis is NOT joined by:

A. transverse branch of the lateral circumflex A

B. descending branch of the internal pudendal A

C. ascending branch of the first perforating A

D. descending branch of the inferior gluteal A

E. transverse branch of the medial circumflex

Correct : B. descending branch of the internal pudendal A

20. Stability of the patella in knee extension is maintained primarily by:

A. inferior fibres of vastus lateralis

B. relative prominence of the medial femoral condyle

C. inferior fibres of vastus medialis

D. tension of medial patella retinaculum

E. articularis genu muscle

Correct : C. inferior fibres of vastus medialis

21. Regarding the branches of the femoral nerve:

A. does NOT supply cutaneous sensation to skin over the femoral triangle

B. femoral cutaneous nerves pass through the fascia lata via the saphenous canal

C. saphenous nerve follows the course of the great saphenous vein

D. branch to pectineus passes between the femoral artery and vein

E. generally branch within the femoral sheath

Correct : A. does NOT supply cutaneous sensation to skin over the femoral triangle

22. Profunda femoris artery is separated from the femoral artery by:

23. Femoral canal contains:

24. Regarding the saphenous opening:

A. transmits the contents of the femoral sheath

B. posterior wall lies immediately anterior to pectineus

C. the great saphenous vein passes superiomedially through it

D. bounded medially by the lacunar ligament

E. the falciform edge attaches superiorly to the pectineal line

Correct : B. posterior wall lies immediately anterior to pectineus

25. Piriformis:

A. is an abductor of the hip in hip flexion

B. passes through the lesser sciatic foramen

C. is the preferred site of intramuscular gluteal injection

D. passes anterior to the femoral neck

E. lies deep to the sciatic nerve

Correct : A. is an abductor of the hip in hip flexion

26. Popliteus:

A. attaches to the medial femoral condyle

B. “locks” the knee in extension

C. supplied by a branch of the femoral nerve

D. lies immediately deep to the popliteal artery

E. may attach to the medial meniscus

Correct : D. lies immediately deep to the popliteal artery

27. The femoral triangle:

A. the femoral triangle is bounded by the inguinal ligament medial border of sartorius and lateral border of adductor longus

B. the mid-inguinal joint is midway between the pubic tubercle and the anterior superior iliac spine

C. the femoral canal contains the lymph node of cloquet

D. the femoral sheath contains the femoral nerve and femoral artery

E. the femoral and profunda femoris arteries are separated by adductor brevis

Correct : C. the femoral canal contains the lymph node of cloquet

28. The knee:

A. the cruciate ligaments are intra-synovial

B. the posterior cruciate ligament stabilises the flexed weight-bearing knee

C. the posterior horn of the medial meniscus is attached to the intercondylar area of the tibia behind the posterior cruciate ligament

D. the knee joint normally contains 5.0ml of synovial fluid

E. active rotation may occur in the extended knee

Correct : B. the posterior cruciate ligament stabilises the flexed weight-bearing knee

29. Which one of the following muscles has a double nerve supply?

30. Inversion and eversion of the foot take place MAINLY at the:

A. ankle joint

B. joints between the talus and calcaneus

C. joint between calcaneus and navicular bone

D. calcanocuboid joint

E. inferior tibiofibular joint

Correct : B. joints between the talus and calcaneus

31. Which one of the following has a tendo that is intracapsular?

32. The deltoid ligament belongs to the:

33. Regarding superficial nerves of the anterior thigh

A. The ilioinguinal nerve only supplies external genitalia

B. The genitofemoral nerve supplies the skin over the femoral triangle

C. The medial femoral cutaneous nerve arises from L3/4

D. The intermediate femoral cutaneous nerve supplies a small area of skin over the inguinal ligament

E. The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve runs lateral to the anterior superior iliac spine

Correct : B. The genitofemoral nerve supplies the skin over the femoral triangle

34. The great saphenous vein

A. arises on the lateral aspect of the foot

B. can be found 2cm medial to the patella

C. pierces the fascia lata on the lateral side of the thigh

D. receives no tributaries above the knee

E. contains approximately 20 valves

Correct : E. contains approximately 20 valves

35. Regarding the femoral triangle

A. The lateral border is formed by the lateral border of sartorius

B. The medial border is the medial border of adductor magnus

C. The femoral nerve is contained in the femoral sheath

D. The lymph node of cloquet lies in the femoral canal

E. The femoral vein is lateral to the artery

Correct : D. The lymph node of cloquet lies in the femoral canal

36. Regarding the femoral artery, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. The artery enters the femoral triangle at the mid-inguinal point

B. Passes anterior to the profunda femoris branch

C. Supplies muscles of the adductor compartment

D. Ceases at the mid point of the popliteal fossa

E. Lies medial to the femoral nerve

Correct : D. Ceases at the mid point of the popliteal fossa

37. Regarding the femoral nerve, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. It is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of L2/3/4

B. It supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment

C. It does not lie within the femoral sheath

D. It supplies iliacus but not psoas

E. Branches include the medial and intermediate femoral cutaneous nerves

Correct : A. It is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of L2/3/4

38. Regarding the obturator nerve, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. It is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior rami of L2/3/4

B. Its anterior division supplies adductor longus, brevis, pectineus and gracilis

C. Its posterior division supplies all of adductor magnus

D. It gives a cutaneous branch which supplies the medial thigh

E. It gives articular branches to the hip and knee joints

Correct : C. Its posterior division supplies all of adductor magnus

39. Gluteus maximus

A. Arises from the gluteal fossa of the ileum between the middle and superior gluteal lines

B. is supplied by the superior gluteal nerve

C. extends and medially rotates the hip

D. mostly inserts into the iliotibial tract

E. paralysis results in a waddling gait

Correct : D. mostly inserts into the iliotibial tract

40. The pudendal nerve

A. Arises from L5/S1/2

B. Emerges from the upper border of piriformis

C. Contains only sensory fibres

D. Passes medial to the ischial spine

E. Passes through the greater sciatic foramen to enter the pelvis

Correct : D. Passes medial to the ischial spine

41. Regarding the hamstring muscles, all of the following are true EXCEPT

A. All of the hamstrings arise from the innominate bone

B. All of the hamstring muscles are supplied by the tibial part of the sciatic nerve

C. The long head of biceps femoris and semitendinosus have a common origin

D. The adductor magnus is not part of the hamstring group

E. Biceps forms the medial border of the popliteal fossa

Correct : E. Biceps forms the medial border of the popliteal fossa

42. The sciatic nerve

A. Arises from L3/4/5/S1/2

B. Emerges from the lower border of piriformis

C. Most commonly divides onto common peroneal and tibial branches in the middle of the hamstring compartment

D. Can be injured by intramuscular injections in the upper outer quadrant of the buttock

E. Gives no branches in the gluteal compartment

Correct : B. Emerges from the lower border of piriformis

43. All of the following are lateral rotators of the hip EXCEPT

44. Ligamentous stability for the hip joint is provided chiefly by the

45. Contents of the popliteal fossa include all of the following EXCEPT

A. Sural nerve

B. Superior medial genicular artery

C. Sural communicating nerve

D. Inferior medial genicular artery

E. Anterior tibial artery

Correct : E. Anterior tibial artery

46. Regarding ligaments of the knee joint

A. The anterior cruciate ligament inserts into the posteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle

B. The arcuate ligament is an expansion of the tendon of semimembranosus

C. The meniscofemoral ligaments cross in front and behind the anterior cruciate

D. The medial collateral ligament is a cord-like structure

E. The transverse ligament connects the posterior aspects of the menisci

Correct : A. The anterior cruciate ligament inserts into the posteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle

47. Regarding the menisci of the knee

A. They are attached to the femoral condyles

B. They have a rich blood supply

C. The medial meniscus is firmly attached to the capsule of the joint

D. The medial meniscus gives origin to the meniscofemoral ligaments

E. They are composed of mainly elastic fibres Anatomy – lower limb

Correct : C. The medial meniscus is firmly attached to the capsule of the joint

48. Regarding movements of the knee joint

A. Sartorius assists with flexion

B. The only action of popliteus is unlocking of the knee

C. Extension occurs to zero degrees

D. Locking of the knee is an active process

E. Rotation takes place above the menisci

Correct : A. Sartorius assists with flexion

49. Regarding the extensor compartment of the leg

A. Tibialis anterior arises from the upper two thirds of the tibia and fibula

B. Extensor digitorum longus has a small origin from the lateral condyle of the tibia

C. Extensor hallucis longus is superficial to extensor digitorum longus

D. All muscles are supplied by the common peroneal nerve

E. Peroneus tertius and tibialis anterior both cause eversion of the foot

Correct : B. Extensor digitorum longus has a small origin from the lateral condyle of the tibia

50. Which of the following structures does not pass anterior to the medial malleolus

A. Tibialis anterior

B. Extensor hallucis longus

C. Flexor hallucis longus

D. Anterior tibial artery

E. Peroneus tertius

Correct : C. Flexor hallucis longus

51. Femoral nerve

A. is less subject to damage by penetrating injuries of the lower abdomen than of the lower limb

B. Damage may cause anaesthesia of the foot

C. Is contained within the femoral sheath

D. Is formed by the anterior divisions of L2,3,4

E. Gives a single muscular branch to iliacus

Correct : E. Gives a single muscular branch to iliacus

52. With respect to the hip joint

A. The fibrous capsule is strengthened by 2 ligaments

B. Anteriorly the psoas major tendon separates the capsule from the femoral vein

C. It is least stable when flexed and adducted

D. Ligament of Bigelow is the weakest ligament

E. Ischiofemoral ligament is the strongest ligament

Correct : C. It is least stable when flexed and adducted

53. Femoral nerve

A. Is formed from the anterior divisions of the anterior primary rami of L2-4

B. Is formed from the same spinal segments as the obturator nerve

C. Divides after passing through the femoral triangle

D. Has no cutaneous branches other than the saphenous nerve

E. Enters the thigh in the femoral sheath

Correct : B. Is formed from the same spinal segments as the obturator nerve

54. Which of the following does not pass through the greater sciatic foramen

A. The sciatic nerve

B. The pudendal nerve and vessels

C. The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

D. Inferior gluteal vessels and nerve

E. Nerve to obturator externus

Correct : E. Nerve to obturator externus

55. Which of the following are not found in the adductor (subsartorial) canal

56. A 30 y.o. man presents with adenopathy of the medial group of superficial inguinal lymph nodes on the right side. Which of the following is the primary site resulting in this finding?

57. Following a subcapital fracture of the neck of femur, an 80 y.o. man sustains avascular necrosis of the femoral head. This is most likely to be the consequence of interruption to the blood supply to the head from which of the following sources?

A. Arteries from the trochanteric anastomoses in the retinacula

B. Artery of the ligament of the head from the obturator artery

C. Branches from the profunda femoris artery

D. Branches from the pudendal artery

E. Branches from the inferior gluteal artery

Correct : A. Arteries from the trochanteric anastomoses in the retinacula

58. The muscle which provides the most control of hip joint movement during the act of sitting is

59. Which of the following are correctly paired?

A. Adductor brevis – femoral nerve

B. Adductor longus – sciatic nerve

C. Adductor magnus – saphenous nerve

D. Adductor longus – obturator nerve

E. Adductor magnus – femoral nerve

Correct : D. Adductor longus – obturator nerve

60. The great saphenous vein

A. Is a continuation of the lateral marginal vein of the foot

B. Runs between the 2 heads of gastrocnemius

C. Pierces the cribriform fascia in the upper thigh

D. Can be found immediately below and lateral to the pubic tubercle

E. Does not communicate with varicosities in the superficial veins

Correct : C. Pierces the cribriform fascia in the upper thigh

61. With regard to the femoral triangle

A. It is bounded by adductor longus and magnus

B. It has the fascia lata lining it s floor

C. The femoral artery lies between the femoral vein and nerve

D. It is bounded superficially by the lacunar ligament

E. The femoral sheath contains only the femoral nerve and artery

Correct : C. The femoral artery lies between the femoral vein and nerve

62. the femoral artery

A. Is separated from the hip joint capsule by fat only

B. Is crossed by the femoral vein from medial to lateral as it descends

C. Is found at the mid-inguinal point

D. Gives off the medial circumflex femoral artery as its major branch

E. The femoral sheath contains only the femoral nerve and artery

Correct : C. Is found at the mid-inguinal point

63. Gluteus maximus

A. Is the deepest of the gluteal muscles

B. Forms the skin crease of the gluteal fold

C. Is supplied by L5, S1

D. Medially rotates and extends the hip joint

E. All of the above

Correct : C. Is supplied by L5, S1

64. Regarding the lymphatic drainage of the lower limb

A. It is predominantly along the route of the small saphenous vein

B. Apart from a small area of skin over the heel it drains via the popliteal lymph nodes from below the knee

C. From the superficial inguinal lymph nodes it passes through the cribriform fascia to the deep inguinal nodes

D. Deep lymphatics follow veins

E. None of the above

Correct : C. From the superficial inguinal lymph nodes it passes through the cribriform fascia to the deep inguinal nodes

65. The femoral nerve

A. Has superficial branches, one of which supplies the hip joint

B. Supplies psoas major

C. Lies within the femoral sheath

D. Emerges from the medial side of psoas major

E. Is formed from the posterior divisions of the ventral rami of L2,3,4

Correct : E. Is formed from the posterior divisions of the ventral rami of L2,3,4

66. Regarding the femoral vein

A. It receives the great saphenous vein on its anterolateral surface

B. It drains into the internal iliac vein

C. It lies lateral to the femoral artery within the femoral sheath

D. It has no valves

E. It enters the inferior part of the femoral triangle posterior to the femoral artery

Correct : E. It enters the inferior part of the femoral triangle posterior to the femoral artery

67. Contents of the femoral triangle include all except

A. Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

B. Great saphenous vein

C. Pectineus

D. Profunda femoris artery

E. Anterior division of the obturator nerve

Correct : A. Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

68. The adductor canal

A. Is bounded by adductor brevis

B. Lies behind sartorius

C. Contains the femoral nerve

D. Commences just below the inguinal ligament

E. Contains the femoral artery which lies inferolaterally to the femoral vein in the lower part

Correct : B. Lies behind sartorius

69. The obturator nerve

A. Emerges on the lateral border of psoas

B. Supplies obturator externus, adductor longus and the knee joint

C. Supplies obturator internus, adductor magnus abd the hip joint

D. Runs inferior to the obturator artery in the obturator canal

E. All of the above

Correct : B. Supplies obturator externus, adductor longus and the knee joint

70. The femoral nerve

A. Has an anterior division which supplies skin on the antero-medial surface of the thigh

B. Runs medial to the femoral artery at the level of the inguinal canal

C. Has the sural nerve as the terminal branch

D. Supplies the posterior half of adductor magnus

E. Supplies pectineus via its posterior division

Correct : A. Has an anterior division which supplies skin on the antero-medial surface of the thigh

71. With regard to the head of the femur

A. The arterial supply comes mainly from the inferior gluteal artery

B. The artery to the head assumes importance after age of 7 years

C. Psoas lies posterior to the hip joint

D. The anterior division of the obturator nerve gives partial supply to the hip joint

E. None of the above

Correct : D. The anterior division of the obturator nerve gives partial supply to the hip joint

72. Regarding the bony pelvis

A. The obturator groove is in the ischial bone

B. The greater sciatic foramen transmits the obturator internus

C. The pectineal line lies superior to the acetabulum

D. The inguinal ligament inserts medially into the iliopubic eminence

E. None of the above

Correct : E. None of the above

73. The hip joint

A. Is directed slightly forward along the axis of the femoral neck

B. Is supplied by the femoral and obturator nerves only

C. Has an articular surface which does not reach the rim of the acetabulum

D. Bears weight mainly through the ischial bone

E. Has a capsule which is strengthened anteriorly by the ischiofemoral ligament

Correct : C. Has an articular surface which does not reach the rim of the acetabulum

74. The femoral triangle

A. Has sartorius as its medial border

B. Contains the posterior division of the obturator nerve

C. Contains femoral nerve and vessels

D. Has the lateral border of adductor longus laterally

E. All of the above

Correct : C. Contains femoral nerve and vessels

75. The muscles supplied by the femoral nerve include all except

76. Concerning the origins of the quadriceps femoris

A. All 4 component muscles have an origin from the femur

B. Vastus lateralis arises from the femur above intertrochanteric line and acetabulum

C. Vastus medialis arises from femur and tendon of adductor longus

D. Rectus femoris arises from 3 heads

E. Vastus intermedius arises from shaft of femur and greater trochanter

Correct : E. Vastus intermedius arises from shaft of femur and greater trochanter

77. The floor of the femoral triangle consists of all of the following except

78. Concerning iliacus

A. It inserts into the greater trochanter of the femur

B. It occupies and is attached to the whole of the iliac fossa

C. Nerve supply is femoral nerve

D. It acts to flex and laterally rotate the hip

E. It has the femoral vein as its intermediate anterior relation

Correct : C. Nerve supply is femoral nerve

79. Psoas major

A. Has a proximal attachment to the bodies discs and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

B. Has the lumbar plexus embedded within it

C. Has the lumbar arterie sand veins running behind it

D. Inserts into the lesser trochanter

E. All of the above

Correct : E. All of the above

80. Sartorius

A. Arises from the ilium below the ASIS

B. Is pierced by the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

C. Inserts into the styloid of the fibula

D. Is supplied by the obturator nerve

E. Flexes and medially rotates the thigh

Correct : A. Arises from the ilium below the ASIS

81. Following Hiltons law, which nerve does not supply the hip joint

82. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes drain all of the following except

A. Anterior thigh

B. Base of pen*s

C. Testis

D. Femoral

Correct : C. Testis

83. Adductor magnus is

A. A bipennate muscle

B. A component of the femoral triangle

C. Supplied by the femoral nerve

D. A composite muscle

E. Attached by point of origin to the pectineal line of the pubic bone

Correct : D. A composite muscle

84. Regarding the femoral artery and its branches

A. Lies lateral to femoral sheath

B. Femoral artery has three branches

C. Profunda femoris artery lies anterior to the profunda vein

D. The 4 perforating arteries supply all thigh muscles

E. The profunda femoris artery supplies all anterior thigh muscles

Correct : E. The profunda femoris artery supplies all anterior thigh muscles

85. Regarding the inguinal canal

A. It has a roof formed by lower edges of internal oblique and transversus muscles

B. The ilioinguinal nerve enters the canal through the deep ring

C. Its posterior wall is formed by the external oblique aponeurosis

D. Its conjoint tendon lies anterior to the superficial inguinal ring

E. The superior epigastric artery crosses the posterior wall medial to the deep inguinal ring

Correct : A. It has a roof formed by lower edges of internal oblique and transversus muscles

86. Which of the following muscles is not in the floor of the femoral triangle

87. Regarding movements of the hip joint

A. Stability is reduced by the presence of the long femoral neck

B. Medial rotation is achieved by obturator externus

C. Sartorius is a lateral rotator

D. Medial rotation is resisted by the iliotibial tract

E. Abduction is not usually required in normal walking

Correct : C. Sartorius is a lateral rotator

88. Pectineus

A. Arises from part of the obturator membrane

B. Is inserted into the greater trochanter

C. Lies posterior to the anterior division of the obturator nerve

D. Forms one wall of the femoral ring

E. Is a lateral rotator of the femur

Correct : D. Forms one wall of the femoral ring

89. The femoral nerve

A. Supplies the skin over the lateral thigh

B. Lies between the pectineus and psoas in the femoral triangle

C. Is formed by the posterior divisions of the anterior rami of lumbar nerves 2,3 and 4

D. Breaks into superficial and deep branches, separated by the medial circumflex femoral artery

E. Supplies the adductor muscles

Correct : C. Is formed by the posterior divisions of the anterior rami of lumbar nerves 2,3 and 4

90. The sciatic nerve

A. Lies on the ischial tuberosity

B. Lies on the obturator internus

C. Passes upper quadratus femoris

D. Emerges from above piriformis

E. Is comprised of L4, L5, S1, S2

Correct : B. Lies on the obturator internus

91. The medial compartment of the thigh contains all of the following except

92. Adductor magnus

A. Is a composite muscle

B. Has a hamstring part arising from ischiopubic ramus

C. Has an adductor part arising from ischial tuberosity

D. Has a tendinous attachment only onto adductor tubercle of femur

E. Has a nerve supply including the sciatic and anterior division of obturator nerves

Correct : A. Is a composite muscle

93. The skin over the femoral triangle is supplied by

A. Ilioinguinal nerve

B. Obturator nerve

C. Medial femoral cutaneous nerve

D. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

E. Genitofemoral nerve

Correct : E. Genitofemoral nerve

94. The hip joint

A. Derives its stability largely from the shape of its articular surfaces

B. Has the ischiofemoral as its strongest ligament

C. Is only supplied by the obturator and sciatic nerves

D. Is limited in full extension by the pubofemoral ligament

E. Is flexed largely by sartorius and rectus femoris

Correct : A. Derives its stability largely from the shape of its articular surfaces

95. The ankle joint is

A. Dorsiflexed by tibialis posterior and peroneus tertius

B. Fixed in its own axis of rotation

C. Crossed by the anterior tibial artery lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon

D. Supported by the lateral deltoid ligamanet

E. Innervated by the sural and superficial peroneal nerves

Correct : C. Crossed by the anterior tibial artery lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon

96. A 25 y.o. man is unable to plantarflex his foot. The most likely cause is damage to

97. Dorsalis pedis artery

A. Lies medial to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus

B. Lies lateral to the digital branch of the deep peroneal nerve

C. Crosses superficial to the tendon of extensor hallucis brevis

D. Terminates as the arcuate artery

E. Joins the lateral plantar artery to form the plantar arch

Correct : E. Joins the lateral plantar artery to form the plantar arch

98. Following an injury to the leg, a patient is unable to dorsiflex their foot. Which nerve is most likely to be damaged?

A. Deep branch of the common peroneal nerve

B. Sural nerve

C. Superficial branch of the common peroneal nerve

D. Saphenous nerve

E. None of the above

Correct : A. Deep branch of the common peroneal nerve

99. Which is not a component of the second layer of the sole of the foot?

A. Tendon of flexor hallucis longus

B. Abductor hallucis

C. Flexor accessorius

D. The lumbrical muscles

E. Tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Correct : B. Abductor hallucis

100. What muscle cause dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

A. Tibialis anterior

B. Tibialis posterior

C. Extensor hallucis longus

D. Peroneus tertius

E. Tendon of flexor digitorum longus

Correct : A. Tibialis anterior