1. Exposure of rock to the changes of temperature is the cause of: [IFS 1990]
Correct : D. Mechanical weathering
2. The removal of rock, layer by layer due to weathering is called: [NDA 2001]
Correct : C. exfoliation
3. The denudational processes have not reduced the land masses to a level because: [IAS
2003]
Correct : B. the earth movements have uplifted the landmass
4. Which of the following is not an agent which produces physical features ?
Correct : D. Conduction
5. Bowl shaped depression created as a result of glacial erosion high on a mountain side is
called: [IAS 2004]
Correct : D. Cirque
6. Decaying .vegetation produces organic acids which causes a breakdown of minerals.
This is :
Correct : B. chemical weathering
7. Which of the following statements is/are not true? 1. Chemical weathering is most common in limestone rocks 2. Chemical weathering is most active in wet regions with higher temperature 3. Rain action is a form of chemical weathering 4. Exfoliation is a process of chemical weathering
Correct : D. D
8. A V-shaped valley is a feature produced by:
Correct : A. youthful river
9. Residual hill in the desert region is known as : [IAS 2004]
Correct : B. Inselberg
10. Although hot deserts have a very low annual rainfall, occasional heavy rain storms do occur and these sometimes produce steep-sided, flat-floored valleys called:
Correct : B. wadi
11. A weathering process in which layers of rocks peel off as expansion alternates with
contraction, is known as :
Correct : D. Exfoliation
12. Which one of the following statements is correct? [NDA 2004]
Chemical weathering includes:
Correct : D. solution, oxidation and reduction
13. Which one of the following plate movements is responsible for the formation of midocean ridge? [IAS 2004]
Correct : A. Divergent movement
14. A valley with steep, parallel walls along the faultlines, formed by the subsidence of a
part of earth's crust is known as : [CDS 2004]
Correct : D. Rift Valley
15. Out of the following geomorphic processes which one is associated with the work of
glaciers? [NDA 2003]
Correct : D. Plucking
16. Which of the following is/are matched correctly? 1. Earthquake's origin - seismic focus 2. Epicentre - point on earth's surface directly above seismic focus 3. 5 waves - similar to sound waves 4. Richter scale - severity of earthquake
Correct : B. 1, 2, 3 and 4
17. Which of the following is/are the correct characteristic(s) of primary seismic wave? [IAS 2004]
Correct : D. All the above three
18. Consider the following statements: 1. P - waves are the first seismic waves to reach a place 2. S - waves travel only through liquids 3. Arrival time of P and S - waves is used to locate the epicentre 4. Richter scale is a logarithmic scale Which of the statements given above are correct? [IAS2004]
Correct : B. 1, 3 and 4
19. The problem of leaching of the soil is more pronounced in the areas where the rainfall is:
Correct : D. heavy
20. Moon shaped sand-dunes, formed by wind action are called:
Correct : C. Barkhans
21. When almost all the elevated portions are worn down by river erosion reducing an area to almost a plain region, it is termed as [CDS 1992]
Correct : D. Peneplain
22. Which of the following influence the erosion of soil by water? [Railways 1994] 1. Slope of the land 2. Management practice like terracing 3. Soil salinity
Correct : B. 1 and 2
23. Which of the following is the highest plateau in the world? [CDS 1992]
Correct : B. Pamir Plateau
24. Which is the proper order of seismic waves as they are received at seismograph
station?
Correct : C. P-wave, S-wave, L-wave
25. Which European country has over 200 volcanoes, many of them still active?
Correct : B. Iceland
26. Earthquakes occur frequently in :
Correct : D. all of the above areas
27. The epicentre of an earthquake is the: [CDS 1992]
Correct : B. nearest point to the surface from the focus perpendicular to the earth's surface
28. Japan experiences frequent earth- quakes because it is located : [CDS 1994]
Correct : B. on the meeting point of two plates of the earth's crust
29. Which of the following belts are associated with seismic activity? [NDA 1994] 1. Circum-Pacific Belt 2. Circum-Atlantic Belt 3. Mid-Continental Belt 4. Mid-Atlantic Belt
Correct : B. 1, 3 and 4
30. Earthquakes occur due to: [Bank PO 1994]
Correct : B. movement of plates of earth, which float on the hot volcanic mantle below the earth's surface
31. The movement inside the Earth's crust is studied by: [CDS 1992]
Correct : D. Seismology
32. Tsunami is a large sea wave caused by an earthquake experienced along the coasts of: [NDA 1991]
Correct : D. Japan
33. The intensity of earthquakes is measured on : [NDA 1992]
Correct : B. Richter scale
34. The transverse, longitudinal and surface waves in an earthquake originate from:
Correct : A. the focus within the body of the earth
35. Earthquakes rarely occur in: [NDA 1990]
Correct : B. Brazil
36. Which of the following features is the product of vulcanicity ? [NDA 2008]
Correct : D. Caldera
37. Which of the following is not a sedimentary rock?
Correct : B. Marble
38. Which of the following pairs is correct ?
Correct : A. Shale-possesses laminations
39. Which of the following rocks is transformed into marble? [NDA 1991]
Correct : B. Limestone
40. The principal reason for the formation of metamorphic rocks is :
Correct : C. Extreme heat and pressure
41. In which type of rocks are metals like gold and copper mostly found? [IAS 1992]
Correct : B. Old Igneous
42. Which of the following is a metamorphic rock?
Correct : A. Slate
43. The type of igneous rocks which are formed midway between volcanic and plutonic
rocks, are known as :
Correct : B. Hypabyssal
44. Rocks which are formed by the solidification of lava on the earth's surface are: [MBA 1992]
Correct : D. Basalts
45. How are the caves of the world's greatest fold mountains formed?
Correct : D. Compressional movement
46. Which of the following is a block mountain?
Correct : D. Vosges
47. The highest grade of coal whose surface is shining and has the highest calorific value,
is:
Correct : A. Anthracite
48. Which of the following forms of coal is the oldest? [IES 1991]
Correct : D. Anthracite
49. Which form of coal is mainly suitable for producing thermal power? [CDS 2001]
Correct : B. Bituminous
50. Which of the following types of coal represents the first stage of formation of coal?
Correct : C. Peat
51. Which of the following is/are the examples of the sedimentary rocks? [IAS 2003] 1. Limestone 2. Dolomite 3. Breccia 4. Coal
Correct : C. 1, 2 and 4
52. The best representative of the acid igneous rocks is : [IAS 2003]
Correct : B. Granite
53. Igneous rocks are said to be acidic when they contain high proportion of:
Correct : C. silica
54. Batholiths and Laccoliths are formations of: [NDA 2003]
Correct : B. igneous rocks
55. A block of the earth's crust that has remained in position while the ground around it has
subsides is known as : [NDA 2001]
Correct : A. horst
56. Consider the following statements: 1. Igneous rocks are classified into Extrusive and Intrusive rocks. 2. Sedimentary rocks are also called as Primary rocks 3. Marble is an example of Metamorphic rocks 4. Coal is a sedimentary rock Which of the above statements is/are correct? [NDA 2002]
Correct : C. 1, 3 and 4
57. India broke away from Australia and Antarctica and started moving north in the period
of: [IAS 2003]
Correct : D. Cretaceous
58. The well-defined zones of seismic activity in the world where the largest number of
earthquakes originates is :
Correct : B. Circum Pacific Belt
59. Which one of the following types of volcanic eruptions is not usually explosive? [IAS 2007]
Correct : B. Hawaiian
60. Which of the following are true with regard to igneous rocks? 1. They are formed inside the earth, under great pressure 2. They do not occur in layer 3. They are mostly crystalline in nature 4. They contain fossils
Correct : B. II, III and IV
61. Which of the following are true with respect to sedimentary rocks? 1. The rocks are deposited in layers 2. The particles of rocks are at times wholly of organic nature 3. The rocks are not crystalline 4. Their structure is determined by great pressure or heat
Correct : A. I, II and III
62. Who gave the idea that originally there was only one continent called Pangea ?
Correct : A. Wegener
63. What is the difference between a geyser and a hot spring?
Correct : A. Water is ejected explosively in a geyser
64. The features produced by glacial deposition are: 1. outwash plains 2. drumlins 3. eskers 4. levees
Correct : A. 1, 2, 3
65. Consider the following statements: 1. The acid lava usually melts at a relatively higher temperature as compared to basic (basaltic) lava. 2. The acid lava solidifies into glass-like sheets and the basaltic lava solidifies into rough surfaces. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [IAS 2007]
Correct : C. Both 1 and 2
66. Alps mountains are spread over [IAS 2009]
Correct : B. France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria
67. Why do Fold Mountains have enormous thickness of sedimentary rocks? [CDS 2011]
Correct : B. Due to accumulation of sediments in a geosyncline
68. Consider the following statements about rocks: 1. Shale becomes Slate through metamorphosis. 2. Shale is converted to Slate when· it is subjected to tremendous pressure and high temperature. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? [NOA 2010]
Correct : C. Both 1 and 2
69. Which one of the following reflects back more sunlight as compared to other three?
[IAS 2010]
Correct : C. Land covered with fresh snow
70. The soil formed by wind dust in and around hot deserts is called [CDS 2012]
Correct : D. loess soil
71. Which one among the following is the type of the Comoros Islands which lie in the Indian Ocean between Northern Madagascar and the African Coast? [CDS 2012]
Correct : A. Volcanic
72. Which one of the following processes of weathering belongs to both mechanical and chemical weathering? [NDA 2011]
Correct : A. Crystallization
73. Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. The major constituent mineral of granite rock is quartz. 2. The major constituent mineral of sandstone rock is feldspar. 3. The major constituent mineral of limestone rock is dolomite. Select the correct answer using the code given below: [NDA 2011]
Correct : C. 1 and 2 only
74. Which one among the following is the largest temperate desert of the world? [NDA
2011]
Correct : A. Patagonian desert
75. Name the Continents that form a mirror image of each other [CDS 2011]
Correct : C. Africa and South America
76. In which country is 'Takla Makan' desert situated? [BPSC 2011]
Correct : D. China
77. Folding is the result of [BPSC 2011]
Correct : C. orogenetic force
78. Continents have drifted apart because of: [BPSC 2011]
Correct : B. tectonic activities
79. Earthquakes and volcanoes occur mostly in:
Correct : D. Folded and faulted region
80. The instrument, used for recording earthquake waves is :
Correct : D. seismograph
81. 'Caldera' is a feature associated with: [IAS 1990]
Correct : A. volcanoes
82. Synclines and anticlines are the terms associated with:
Correct : C. faulting
83. Which of the following are correctly matched? 1. Active volcano : Stromboli (Sicily) 2. Dormant volcano : Vesuvius (Italy) 3. Extinct volcano : Fujiyama (Japan)
Correct : D. 1, 2 and 3
84. Mauna Loa is an example of: [Teachers' Exam 1994]
Correct : A. active volcano
85. The material that comes out of a volcano at the time of eruption is : [NDA 1995]
Correct : A. solid, liquid, gaseous
86. Which of the following pairs is correctly matched? [NDA 1992]
Islands Volcanoes
Correct : C. Java - Merapi
87. Which type of lake is formed by volcanic activities?
Correct : A. Caldera lake
88. Shield volcanoes refer to: [NDA 1993]
Correct : B. repeated lava flows
89. The Hawaii islands are the top of submerged: [NDA 1991]
Correct : C. volcanic mountains
90. Longest mountain range in the world is :
Correct : B. Andes
91. The average elevation of Tibetan Plateau above sea level is: [IAS 1994]
Correct : C. 4 km
92. The youngest mountain range in the world is:
Correct : B. Himalayas
93. The largest volcano crater in the world is :
Correct : B. Toba (Indonesia)
94. Which of the following is a typical feature of volcanic eruption?
Correct : B. Dykes
95. 'Dykes' are especially constructed in : [CPO SI 2003]
Correct : A. Norway
96. Colorado in U.S.A is famous for this landform : [CPO SI 2003]
Correct : A. Grand Canyon
97. Which of the following are true with regard to fold mountains? 1. They often act as climatic barriers 2. They receive heavy rain or snow which give rise to rivers 3. They are rich in minerals 4. They pose no problem, to communication as they contain many passes
Correct : C. I, II and III
98. Formation of a rift valley is due to :
Correct : B. the forces of tension in the earth's crust
99. Which of the following are formed due to collision of continental plates? [IAS 2004] 1. The Alps 2. The Himalayas 3. The Rockies 4. The Caucases mountains Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Correct : A. 1, 2 and 3
100. Which of the following features are product of vulcanicity? 1. Atoll 2. Caldera 3. Batholith 4. Geosyncline