Quiznetik
Digital Communication | Set 1
1. In uniform quantization process
A. the step size remains same
B. step size varies according to the values of the input signal
C. the quantizer has linear characteristics
D. both a and c are correct
Correct : D. both a and c are correct
2. The process of converting the analog sample into discrete form is called
A. modulation
B. multiplexing
C. quantization
D. sampling
Correct : C. quantization
3. The characteristics of compressor in μ-law companding are
A. continuous in nature
B. logarithmic in nature
C. linear in nature
D. discrete in nature
Correct : A. continuous in nature
4. The modulation techniques used to convert analog signal into digital signal are
A. pulse code modulation
B. delta modulation
C. adaptive delta modulation
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
5. The sequence of operations in which PCM is done is
A. sampling, quantizing, encoding
B. quantizing, encoding, sampling
C. quantizing, sampling, encoding
D. none of the above
Correct : A. sampling, quantizing, encoding
6. In PCM, the parameter varied in accordance with the amplitude of the modulating signal is
A. amplitude
B. frequency
C. phase
D. none of the above
Correct : D. none of the above
7. One of the disadvantages of PCM is
A. it requires large bandwidth
B. very high noise
C. cannot be decoded easily
D. all of the above
Correct : A. it requires large bandwidth
8. The expression for bandwidth BW of a PCM system, where v is the number of bits per sample and fm is the modulating frequency, is given by
A. bw ≥ vfm
B. bw ≤ vfm
C. bw ≥ 2 vfm
D. bw ≥ 1/2 vfm
Correct : A. bw ≥ vfm
9. The error probability of a PCM is
A. calculated using noise and inter symbol interference
B. gaussian noise + error component due to inter symbol interference
C. calculated using power spectral density
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
10. In Delta modulation,
A. one bit per sample is transmitted
B. all the coded bits used for sampling are transmitted
C. the step size is fixed
D. both a and c are correct
Correct : D. both a and c are correct
11. In digital transmission, the modulation technique that requires minimum bandwidth is
A. delta modulation
B. pcm
C. dpcm
D. pam
Correct : A. delta modulation
12. In Delta Modulation, the bit rate is
A. n times the sampling frequency
B. n times the modulating frequency
C. n times the nyquist criteria
D. none of the above
Correct : A. n times the sampling frequency
13. In Differential Pulse Code Modulation techniques, the decoding is performed by
A. accumulator
B. sampler
C. pll
D. quantizer
Correct : A. accumulator
14. DPCM suffers from
A. slope over load distortion
B. quantization noise
C. both a & b
D. none of the above
Correct : C. both a & b
15. The noise that affects PCM
A. transmission noise
B. quantizing noise
C. transit noise
D. both a and b are correct
Correct : D. both a and b are correct
16. The factors that cause quantizing error in delta modulation are
A. slope overload distortion
B. granular noise
C. white noise
D. both a and b are correct
Correct : D. both a and b are correct
17. Granular noise occurs when
A. step size is too small
B. step size is too large
C. there is interference from the adjacent channel
D. bandwidth is too large
Correct : B. step size is too large
18. The crest factor of a waveform is given as –
A. 2peak value/ rms value
B. rms value / peak value
C. peak value/ rms value
D. peak value/ 2rms value
Correct : C. peak value/ rms value
19. The digital modulation technique in which the step size is varied according to the variation in the slope of the input is called
A. delta modulation
B. pcm
C. adaptive delta modulation
D. pam
Correct : C. adaptive delta modulation
20. The digital modulation scheme in which the step size is not fixed is
A. delta modulation
B. adaptive delta modulation
C. dpcm
D. pcm
Correct : B. adaptive delta modulation
21. In Adaptive Delta Modulation, the slope error reduces and
A. quantization error decreases
B. quantization error increases
C. quantization error remains same
D. none of the above
Correct : B. quantization error increases
22. The number of voice channels that can be accommodated for transmission in T1 carrier system is
A. 24
B. 32
C. 56
D. 64
Correct : A. 24
23. The maximum data transmission rate in T1 carrier system is
A. 2.6 megabits per second
B. 1000 megabits per second
C. 1.544 megabits per second
D. 5.6 megabits per second
Correct : C. 1.544 megabits per second
24. T1 carrier system is used
A. for pcm voice transmission
B. for delta modulation
C. for frequency modulated signals
D. none of the above
Correct : A. for pcm voice transmission
25. Matched filter may be optimally used only for
A. gaussian noise
B. transit time noise
C. flicker
D. all of the above
Correct : A. gaussian noise
26. Matched filters may be used
A. to estimate the frequency of the received signal
B. in parameter estimation problems
C. to estimate the distance of the object
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
27. The process of coding multiplexer output into electrical pulses or waveforms for transmission is called
A. line coding
B. amplitude modulation
C. fsk
D. filtering
Correct : A. line coding
28. For a line code, the transmission bandwidth must be
A. maximum possible
B. as small as possible
C. depends on the signal
D. none of the above
Correct : B. as small as possible
29. Regenerative repeaters are used for
A. eliminating noise
B. reconstruction of signals
C. transmission over long distances
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
30. Scrambling of data is
A. removing long strings of 1’s and 0’s
B. exchanging of data
C. transmission of digital data
D. all of the above
Correct : A. removing long strings of 1’s and 0’s
31. In polar RZ format for coding, symbol ‘0’ is represented by
A. zero voltage
B. negative voltage
C. pulse is transmitted for half the duration
D. both b and c are correct
Correct : D. both b and c are correct
32. Polar coding is a technique in which
A. 1 is transmitted by a positive pulse and 0 is transmitted by negative pulse
B. 1 is transmitted by a positive pulse and 0 is transmitted by zero volts
C. both a & b
D. none of the above
Correct : A. 1 is transmitted by a positive pulse and 0 is transmitted by negative pulse
33. The polarities in NRZ format use
A. complete pulse duration
B. half duration
C. both positive as well as negative value
D. each pulse is used for twice the duration
Correct : A. complete pulse duration
34. The format in which the positive half interval pulse is followed by a negative half interval pulse for transmission of ‘1’ is
A. polar nrz format
B. bipolar nrz format
C. manchester format
D. none of the above
Correct : C. manchester format
35. The maximum synchronizing capability in coding techniques is present in
A. manchester format
B. polar nrz
C. polar rz
D. polar quaternary nrz
Correct : A. manchester format
36. The advantage of using Manchester format of coding is
A. power saving
B. polarity sense at the receiver
C. noise immunity
D. none of the above
Correct : A. power saving
37. Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) is also known as
A. pseudo ternary coding
B. manchester coding
C. polar nrz format
D. none of the above
Correct : A. pseudo ternary coding
38. In DPSK technique, the technique used to encode bits is
A. ami
B. differential code
C. uni polar rz format
D. manchester format
Correct : B. differential code
39. Overhead bits are
A. framing and synchronizing bits
B. data due to noise
C. encoded bits
D. none of the above
Correct : A. framing and synchronizing bits
40. ISI may be removed by using
A. differential coding
B. manchester coding
C. polar nrz
D. none of the above
Correct : A. differential coding
41. Timing jitter is
A. change in amplitude
B. change in frequency
C. deviation in location of the pulses
D. all of the above
Correct : C. deviation in location of the pulses
42. Probability density function defines
A. amplitudes of random noise
B. density of signal
C. probability of error
D. all of the above
Correct : A. amplitudes of random noise
43. Impulse noise is caused due to
A. switching transients
B. lightening strikes
C. power line load switching
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
44. In coherent detection of signals,
A. local carrier is generated
B. carrier of frequency and phase as same as transmitted carrier is generated
C. the carrier is in synchronization with modulated carrier
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
45. Synchronization of signals is done using
A. pilot clock
B. extracting timing information from the received signal
C. transmitter and receiver connected to master timing source
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
46. Orthogonality of two codes means
A. the integrated product of two different code words is zero
B. the integrated product of two different code words is one
C. the integrated product of two same code words is zero
D. none of the above
Correct : A. the integrated product of two different code words is zero
47. In Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) is
A. 0 is encoded as positive pulse and 1 is encoded as negative pulse
B. 0 is encoded as no pulse and 1 is encoded as negative pulse
C. 0 is encoded as negative pulse and 1 is encoded as positive pulse
D. 0 is encoded as no pulse and 1 is encoded as positive or negative pulse
Correct : B. 0 is encoded as no pulse and 1 is encoded as negative pulse
48. Advantages of using AMI
A. needs least power as due to opposite polarity
B. prevents build-up of dc
C. may be used for longer distance
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
49. The interference caused by the adjacent pulses in digital transmission is called
A. inter symbol interference
B. white noise
C. image frequency interference
D. transit time noise
Correct : A. inter symbol interference
50. Eye pattern is
A. is used to study isi
B. may be seen on cro
C. resembles the shape of human eye
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
51. The time interval over which the received signal may be sampled without error may be explained by
A. width of eye opening of eye pattern
B. rate of closure of eye of eye pattern
C. height of the eye opening of eye pattern
D. all of the above
Correct : A. width of eye opening of eye pattern
52. For a noise to be white Gaussian noise, the optimum filter is known as
A. low pass filter
B. base band filter
C. matched filter
D. bessel filter
Correct : C. matched filter
53. Matched filters are used
A. for maximizing signal to noise ratio
B. for signal detection
C. in radar
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
54. The number of bits of data transmitted per second is called
A. data signaling rate
B. modulation rate
C. coding
D. none of the above
Correct : A. data signaling rate
55. Pulse shaping is done
A. to control inter symbol interference
B. by limiting the bandwidth of transmission
C. after line coding and modulation of signal
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
56. The criterion used for pulse shaping to avoid ISI is
A. nyquist criterion
B. quantization
C. sample and hold
D. pll
Correct : A. nyquist criterion
57. The filter used for pulse shaping is
A. raised – cosine filter
B. sinc shaped filter
C. gaussian filter
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
58. Roll – off factor is defined as
A. the bandwidth occupied beyond the nyquist bandwidth of the filter
B. the performance of the filter or device
C. aliasing effect
D. none of the above
Correct : A. the bandwidth occupied beyond the nyquist bandwidth of the filter
59. Nyquist criterion helps in
A. transmitting the signal without isi
B. reduction in transmission bandwidth
C. increase in transmission bandwidth
D. both a and b
Correct : D. both a and b
60. The Nyquist theorem is
A. relates the conditions in time domain and frequency domain
B. helps in quantization
C. limits the bandwidth requirement
D. both a and c
Correct : D. both a and c
61. The difficulty in achieving the Nyquist criterion for system design is
A. there are abrupt transitions obtained at edges of the bands
B. bandwidth criterion is not easily achieved
C. filters are not available
D. none of the above
Correct : A. there are abrupt transitions obtained at edges of the bands
62. Equalization in digital communication
A. reduces inter symbol interference
B. removes distortion caused due to channel
C. is done using linear filters
D. all of the above
Correct : D. all of the above
63. Zero forced equalizers are used for
A. reducing isi to zero
B. sampling
C. quantization
D. none of the abov
Correct : A. reducing isi to zero
64. The transmission bandwidth of the raised cosine spectrum is given by
A. bt = 2w(1 + α)
B. bt = w(1 + α)
C. bt = 2w(1 + 2α)
D. bt = 2w(2 + α)
Correct : A. bt = 2w(1 + α)
65. The preferred orthogonalization process for its numerical stability is
A. gram- schmidt process
B. house holder transformation
C. optimization
D. all of the above
Correct : B. house holder transformation
66. For two vectors to be orthonormal, the vectors are also said to be orthogonal. The reverse of the same
A. is true
B. is not true
C. is not predictable
D. none of the above
Correct : B. is not true
67. Orthonormal set is a set of all vectors that are
A. mutually orthonormal and are of unit length
B. mutually orthonormal and of null length
C. both a & b
D. none of the above
Correct : A. mutually orthonormal and are of unit length
68. In On-Off keying, the carrier signal is transmitted with signal value ‘1’ and ‘0’ indicates
A. no carrier
B. half the carrier amplitude
C. amplitude of modulating signal
D. none of the above
Correct : A. no carrier
69. ASK modulated signal has the bandwidth
A. same as the bandwidth of baseband signal
B. half the bandwidth of baseband signal
C. double the bandwidth of baseband signal
D. none of the above
Correct : A. same as the bandwidth of baseband signal
70. Coherent detection of binary ASK signal requires
A. phase synchronization
B. timing synchronization
C. amplitude synchronization
D. both a and b
Correct : D. both a and b
71. The probability of error of DPSK is ______________ than that of BPSK.
A. higher
B. lower
C. same
D. not predictable
Correct : A. higher
72. In Binary Phase Shift Keying system, the binary symbols 1 and 0 are represented by carrier with phase shift of
A. Π/2
B. Π
C. 2Π
D. 0
Correct : B. Π
73. BPSK system modulates at the rate of
A. 1 bit/ symbol
B. 2 bit/ symbol
C. 4 bit/ symbol
D. none of the above
Correct : A. 1 bit/ symbol
74. The BPSK signal has +V volts and -V volts respectively to represent
A. 1 and 0 logic levels
B. 11 and 00 logic levels
C. 10 and 01 logic levels
D. 00 and 11 logic levels
Correct : A. 1 and 0 logic levels
75. The binary waveform used to generate BPSK signal is encoded in
A. bipolar nrz format
B. manchester coding
C. differential coding
D. none of the above
Correct : A. bipolar nrz format
76. The bandwidth of BFSK is ______________ than BPSK.
A. lower
B. same
C. higher
D. not predictable
Correct : C. higher
77. In Binary FSK, mark and space respectively represent
A. 1 and 0
B. 0 and 1
C. 11 and 00
D. 00 and 11
Correct : A. 1 and 0
78. The frequency shifts in the BFSK usually lies in the range
A. 50 to 1000 hz
B. 100 to 2000 hz
C. 200 to 500 hz
D. 500 to 10 hz
Correct : A. 50 to 1000 hz
79. The spectrum of BFSK may be viewed as the sum of
A. two ask spectra
B. two psk spectra
C. two fsk spectra
D. none of the above
Correct : A. two ask spectra
80. The maximum bandwidth is occupied by
A. ask
B. bpsk
C. fsk
D. none of the above
Correct : C. fsk
81. QPSK is a modulation scheme where each symbol consists of
A. 4 bits
B. 2 bits
C. 1 bits
D. m number of bits, depending upon the requireme
Correct : B. 2 bits
82. The data rate of QPSK is ___________ of BPSK.
A. thrice
B. four times
C. twice
D. same
Correct : C. twice
83. QPSK system uses a phase shift of
A. Π
B. Π/2
C. Π/4
D. 2Π
Correct : B. Π/2
84. Minimum shift keying is similar to
A. continuous phase frequency shift keying
B. binary phase shift keying
C. binary frequency shift keying
D. qpsk
Correct : A. continuous phase frequency shift keying
85. In MSK, the difference between the higher and lower frequency is
A. same as the bit rate
B. half of the bit rate
C. twice of the bit rate
D. four time the bit rate
Correct : B. half of the bit rate
86. The technique that may be used to reduce the side band power is
A. msk
B. bpsk
C. gaussian minimum shift keying
D. bfsk
Correct : C. gaussian minimum shift keying
87. Analog to digital conversion includes
A. sampling
B. quantization
C. sampling & quantization
D. none of above
Correct : C. sampling & quantization
88. The process of converting the analog sample into discrete form is called
A. modulation
B. multiplexing
C. quantization
D. sampling
Correct : C. quantization
89. The modulation techniques used to convert analog signal into digital signal are
A. adm
B. pcm
C. dm
D. all of above
Correct : D. all of above
90. In Delta modulation,
A. one bit per sample is transmitted
B. all the coded bits used for sampling are transmitted
C. the step size is fixed
D. both a and c are correct
Correct : D. both a and c are correct
91. In digital transmission, the modulation technique that requires minimum bandwidth is
A. delta modulation
B. pcm
C. dpcm
D. pam
Correct : A. delta modulation
92. In Delta Modulation, the bit rate is
A. n times the sampling frequency
B. n times the modulating frequency
C. n times the nyquist criteria
D. none of the above
Correct : A. n times the sampling frequency
93. In Differential Pulse Code Modulation techniques, the decoding is performed by
A. accumulator
B. sampler
C. pll
D. quantizer
Correct : A. accumulator
94. The crest factor of a waveform is given as –
A. 2 x peak value/ rms value
B. rms value / peak value
C. peak value/ rms value
D. peak value/ 2rms value
Correct : C. peak value/ rms value
95. The digital modulation technique in which the step size is varied according to the variation in the slope of the input is called
A. delta modulation
B. pcm
C. adaptive delta modulation
D. pam
Correct : C. adaptive delta modulation
96. Impulse sampling is also called as
A. delta sampling
B. ideal sampling
C. natural sampling
D. both a & b
Correct : D. both a & b
97. Nyquist Rate is given by
A. 2w
B. 2fmin
Correct : A. 2w
98. The number of voice channels that can be accommodated for transmission in T1 carrier system is
A. 24
B. 32
C. 56
D. 64
Correct : A. 24
99. For a line code, the transmission bandwidth must be
A. maximum possible
B. as small as possible
C. depends on the signal
D. none of the above
Correct : B. as small as possible
100. Scrambling of data is
A. removing long strings of 1’s and 0’s
B. exchanging of data
C. transmission of digital data
D. all of the above
Correct : A. removing long strings of 1’s and 0’s