Quiznetik

Fundamentals of Laws and Ethics | Set 5

1. A borrowed ` 1,000 from B. A dies before paying back the loan. Can B recover the amount from A's legal representative?

Correct : B. Yes, subject to any estate left by him

2. An anticipatory repudiation has the effect of

Correct : B. Putting an end to the contract only on acceptance of the repudiation by the other party

3. The law regarding Novation, i.e., where a new contract is substituted in place of the old one by means of an agreement between the parties to a contract or between them and a third party, is contained in

Correct : A. Sec. 62

4. Ordinary damages will be awarded in cases where

Correct : A. The loss naturally flows from the breach of contract

5. The law relating to damages is spelt out in -------- of the contract Act.

Correct : B. Sec. 73

6. Where the parties to a contract have agreed that a certain sum of money would be paid in case of breach of contract, the Court will ensure that

Correct : C. Reasonable compensation not exceeding the amount stipulated is awarded

7. A, dealing in baby foods, sends samples by train for being exhibited at a Consumer Product's Show which fact was made known to the rail way company. The goods reached the destination after the show was over. A sued the railway company for damages. A will be entitled to

Correct : D. Special damages

8. A stipulation in a contract in the nature of penalty is

Correct : D. none of these

9. Stipulations in a contract providing for enhanced rate of interest from date of default of payment of principal or compound interest are considered to be in the nature of

Correct : B. Penalty

10. The word 'impossible' in section 56 connotes

Correct : D. Impracticability of performance

11. A and B contract to marry each other. Before the time fixed for the marriage A goes mad. The contract is

Correct : B. Void

12. A agrees to pay `5,000 for each article written by B, a famous author and the contract was for writing 10 articles in a year. B wrote 4 articles and A did not want him to write the other 6 articles for which B has prepared notes. In this case :

Correct : D. B can claim `20,000 for 4 articles published (4 X 5000) and compensation for preparation of notes on

13. Unliquidated damages connote

Correct : D. All of these

14. In the case of wrongful dishonour of a cheque by a banker the damages awarded will be

Correct : C. Exemplary

15. If loss or damage arose naturally and directly in the usual course of things from a breach of contract, the aggrieved party would be eligible for

Correct : C. Ordinary damages

16. Where there is an infringement of a contractual right, but no actual loss has been suffered, the Court will award

Correct : A. Nominal damages

17. Anticipatory breach of contract takes place when there is

Correct : C. Breach of contract prior to the date of performance

18. In case of remote and indirect loss or damage sustained by reason of breach of contract, the aggrieved party is entitled to

Correct : C. No damages

19. Impossibility of performance occurs due to:

Correct : D. Destruction of subject-matter

20. By pre-contractual impossibility an agreement becomes:

Correct : B. Void

21. Object of granting damages is:

Correct : B. to monetarily compensate the party,

22. Specific performance is ordered where:

Correct : C. monetary compensation is not an adequate remedy.

23. An injunction order is granted by the Court in case:

Correct : C. the Court wants to restrain a party from committing a breach of contract.

24. The doctrine of frustration is covered by which section of the Indian Contract Act?

Correct : C. Section 56

25. In the Indian Contract Act, Novation means

Correct : A. Substitution of an existing contract with a new one

26. When there is breach of contract, special dam ages are awarded

Correct : C. Only when there is a notice of the likely special loss

27. Hadley v. Baxendale case is a leading case on

Correct : C. Law of damages

28. Damages which arise naturally in usual course of things from breach itself are called

Correct : D. General damages

29. In case of breach of contract, the Indian law awards damages

Correct : B. Which arose naturally or which parties knew to be likely when they entered into the contract

30. In case of anticipatory breach, the damages will be assessed

Correct : A. From the date on which the breach occurred

31. If the compensation to be paid on breach of contract is the genuine pre-estimate of the prospective damages, it is known as

Correct : B. Liquidated damages

32. A stipulation for increased interest from the date of default is known as

Correct : B. Penalty

33. In a contract of debt when a sum is expressed to be payable on a certain date and a further sum is stipulated to be payable in the event of default, then latter sum is by way of

Correct : B. Penalty

34. The damages awarded by way of punishment are called

Correct : C. Exemplary or indicative damages

35. The remedies open to a person, suffering from breach of contract are

Correct : D. All of the above

36. The provisions regarding the measure of damages for breach of contract are laid down in

Correct : C. Sections 73 to 75 of the Contract Act

37. Where the parties to a contract agree to substitute a new contract for it, it is known as

Correct : B. Novation

38. The rule of impossibility is contained in

Correct : A. Section 56 of Indian Contract Act

39. In the matter of liquidated damages

Correct : C. The plaintiff is entitled to recover the agreed amount of compensation without having to prove the exact loss suffered

40. A person, who sues for damages, under the law of contract

Correct : A. Has a duty to mitigate the loss consequent upon the breach of contract

41. The first case on the 'doctrine of frustration' as decided by the Supreme Court of India is

Correct : D. Satyabrata Ghosh v. Mugneeram

42. A party who suffers loss as a result of breach of contract, can, in the usual course, claim

Correct : A. Ordinary damages

43. A party to a contract committing breach, is liable to pay compensation in respect of

Correct : A. The direct consequences flowing from the breach

44. A party who does not suffer any loss in case of breach of contract, is entitled to

Correct : D. Nominal damages

45. Which one of the following is relevant in normal circumstances in determining the amount of damages for breach of contract?

Correct : A. Normally expected loss

46. Which one of the following statements explains correctlv the law of frustration?

Correct : D. Waiver of frustration by one party does not bind the other party (promisor) for the remaining part of the contract

47. In India, the doctrine of impossibility of performance rendering contracts void is based on

Correct : C. Supervening impossibility as laid down in I Section 56 of the Indian Contract Act

48. If the performance of contract becomes impossible, because of a supervening event, the promisor is excused from the performance. This is known as

Correct : B. Doctrine of frustration

49. Damages awarded with a view to punish the party who commits the breach of contract are known as

Correct : B. Punitive damages

50. The code governing sale of goods was earlier contained in

Correct : A. the Indian Contract Act

51. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 governs the transfer of property in

Correct : A. movable property

52. "Goods" means

Correct : A. every kind of movable property other than actionable claims and money

53. Which one of the following does not connote 'goods' as defined in the Sale of Goods Act.

Correct : D. both 'a' and 'c'

54. Which of the following is/are not included in the meaning of 'goods' as defined in the Sale of Goods Act.

Correct : D. both 'b' and 'c'

55. A contract of sale of goods is a contract whereby

Correct : C. the seller transfers or agrees to transfer the property in goods to the buyer for a price.

56. A valid contract of sale

Correct : A. includes 'an agreement to sell'

57. An essential element of a contract of sale is

Correct : A. transfer of ownership in goods

58. Where under a contract of sale the property in goods is transferred from the seller to the buyer, the contract is called.

Correct : B. a sale

59. Where under a contract of sale the property in goods is to be transferred at a future time, the contract is called.

Correct : A. an agreement to sell

60. A valid sale must have two parties who

Correct : A. must be competent to contract

61. In a valid sale

Correct : B. absolute ownership with the goods must be transferred to the buyer

62. The subject matter of a valid sale are such goods which are

Correct : A. transferred by seller to the buyer for a price

63. An agreement to sell is

Correct : A. an executory contract

64. An 'agreement to sell' becomes 'sale' when

Correct : A. the conditions are satisfied

65. 'Goods' as defined in Sale of Goods Act will include

Correct : B. growing crops agreed to be severed before sale, old coins, and copyrights

66. Specific goods are such goods which are

Correct : A. existing and identified at the time of making the contract

67. 'Future goods'

Correct : A. can be the subject matter of sale

68. Where a contract of sale purports to effect a present sale of future goods, the contract operates as

Correct : B. an agreement to sell

69. Where there is a contract for the sale of specific goods, and the goods perish before the making of contract, without the knowledge of the seller, the contract is

Correct : B. void

70. When there is a contract for unascertained goods, and goods perish without the fault of the seller or buyer before the risk passes to the buyer, the contract

Correct : B. cannot be avoided

71. To constitute a Contract of Sale, the transfer of property in goods

Correct : A. must be for monetary consideration

72. Price must either be certain or definite or

Correct : C. All the above

73. If a contract of sale stipulates that price will be fixed by a third party on valuation of the goods, and the third party shows inability to do so, then,

Correct : A. the agreement is void

74. Where there is an agreement to sell goods on the price fixed by a third party on valuation, but the third party refuses to do so, and the buyer appropriates part of the goods delivered to him.

Correct : A. the buyer shall pay reasonable price

75. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 extends to the whole of India, except the state of—

Correct : B. Jammu and Kashmir

76. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 came into force on —

Correct : A. 1st day of July 1930

77. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930 deals with —

Correct : D. Sale of Goods in general

78. Conditions are stipulations

Correct : A. essential to the main purpose of the contract

79. A warranty is stipulation

Correct : B. collateral to the main purpose of the contract

80. Breach of a condition gives rise to

Correct : C. both 'a' and 'b'

81. Breach of a warranty gives rise to

Correct : A. claim for damages

82. Whether a stipulation is a condition or a warranty depends on

Correct : A. the construction of the contract

83. If a contract of a sale contains a stipulation which is impossible to fulfill then

Correct : B. the law excuses such a stipulation by reason of impossibility

84. Where a contact of sale is subject to any condition to be fulfilled by the seller and the seller commits a breach of that condition

Correct : B. the buyer may voluntarily waive the condition

85. What are implied stipulations of a contract?

Correct : B. incorporated by law unless specifically agreed otherwise.

86. Once the buyer decides to waive the condition

Correct : B. he cannot insist on its fulfillment thereafter

87. When will breach of condition be treated as breach of warranty only?

Correct : B. when the contract is indivisible and the buyer accepts the goods in full or part.

88. What is the implied condition as to the title of goods?

Correct : D. both 'a' and 'b'

89. If the condition as to the title of goods is not fulfilled, the buyer

Correct : C. may reject the goods and claim damages

90. The implied condition as to the description of goods means that

Correct : A. the goods shall perfectly correspond to the description

91. In a sale by sample and description, there is an implied condition

Correct : B. that bulk of goods must correspond to the description as well as the sample thereof

92. "If you contract to sell peas, you cannot oblige a party to have beans": this statement applies to

Correct : A. a implied condition as to be description of goods

93. Where goods are bought by description from a seller who deals in goods of that description, what is the implied condition?

Correct : A. that goods shall be of merchantable quality

94. In a contract of sale, unless otherwise stated, there is an implied warranty.

Correct : B. that the buyer shall have and enjoy quiet possession, and if there is a breach of this warranty, he is entitled to sue the seller for damages

95. Where goods are known to be dangerous to the seller, and he also knows that the buyer is ignorant about it, there is an implied warranty

Correct : D. both 'a' and 'c'

96. Under section 11 of the Sale of Goods Act, 1930, the time of payment can be of the essence of the contract —

Correct : A. by agreement between the parties

97. Whether or not any stipulation other than time of payment is of the essence of the contract depends upon —

Correct : C. terms of the contract

98. The doctrine of Caveat emptor is not applicable

Correct : C. where the seller is guilty of fraud

99. A stipulation in a contract of sale which is collateral to the main purpose of contract is called as

Correct : B. warranty

100. Merchantable quality of goods means

Correct : C. both 'a' and 'b'