1. __________ is best known for his research on conformity
Correct : A. asch
2. During the Stanford Prison study,
Correct : B. guards readily assumed their roles as agents of force
3. During research in a simulated prison situation
Correct : C. prisoners quickly became passive and dehumanized
4. The degree of attraction among group members relates to the dimension of
Correct : C. cohesiveness
5. You are walking into a store when a man rudely cuts in front of you, almost shoving you, so that he may enter the store first. "What a jerk!" you think to yourself. As you enter the
store, you see the same man performing an emergency tracheotomy on a women with a collapsed windpipe. You have just
Correct : D. made the fundamental attribution error
6. According to evolutionary psychologists,
Correct : A. women tend to be concerned with whether mates will devote time and resources to a relationship.
7. Which statement about physical attractiveness is FALSE?
Correct : D. for marriage partners there is a tendency for attractive men to be paired with highly educated women with high incomes
8. Moderate self-disclosure typically leads to
Correct : D. reciprocity
9. When subjects in Milgram's obedience experiments received their orders over the phone,
they
Correct : D. were far less obedient
10. Solomon Asch's classic experiment (in which subjects judged a standard line and
comparison lines) was arranged to test the limits of
Correct : D. conformity
11. The person who agrees to a small request initially is more likely later to comply with a
larger demand. This describes the
Correct : B. foot-in-the-door effect
12. For most American adults, an invisible spatial envelope defining their most intimate
space
Correct : D. extends about 18 inches out from their body
13. Which theory holds that a relationship must be profitable to endure?
Correct : B. social exchange theory
14. __________ attachment style is marked by conflicting feelings of affection, anger, and
emotional turmoil
Correct : D. ambivalent
15. Zimbardo interpreted the results of his simulated prison study as an indication of the
Correct : A. powerful influence of roles on people
16. Subjects in Milgram's experiment who gave large shocks rationalized that they were NOT personally responsible for their actions. This raises questions about our willingness
to commit inhumane acts as a result of
Correct : B. obedience to a legitimate authority
17. The process of changing your behavior to match that of others in a group is
Correct : C. conformity
18. If everyone leaves five minutes before the game is over to avoid a traffic jam, the
resulting traffic jam would be an example of
Correct : B. a social trap
19. People's invisible "spatial envelope" defines their __________, and extends "I" or "me"
boundaries past the skin
Correct : B. personal space
20. Physical proximity increases attraction because it
Correct : A. increases frequency of contact
21. The study of unspoken rules for the use of interpersonal space is called
Correct : C. proxemics
22. Someone asks you to bring dip to a party and you agree. Later the person asks you to
also bring popcorn, chips, and sodas. The person has used which compliance strategy?
Correct : A. the low-ball technique
23. The real danger of "groupthink" is that it
Correct : D. leads to a suspension of critical thinking
24. The organization of roles, patterns of communication, and power in a group defines the
group's
Correct : B. structure
25. Those roles which one attains voluntarily are called
Correct : B. achieved roles
26. Social traps can be dismantled by changing
Correct : A. rewards and costs
27. A learned disposition to respond to people, objects, or institutions in a positive or
negative way defines
Correct : C. attitudes
28. In general, helping behavior in emergency situations is discouraged by
Correct : A. the presence of a large number of persons
29. When a person with little or no authority makes a direct request to another person, the
situation involves
Correct : A. compliance
30. The fact that physically attractive people also tend to be rated more highly on traits such
as intelligence and honesty is an example of
Correct : D. the halo effect
31. Negative attitudes that are tinged with fear, hatred, or suspicion is a definition of
Correct : A. prejudice
32. Interpersonal attraction is encouraged by which one of the following?
Correct : D. similarity
33. Janis recommends ways to prevent groupthink, which include
Correct : D. encouraging someone to play devil\s advocate
34. In an experiment in which a "student" simulated a seizure, helping was inhibited by
Correct : B. diffusion of responsibility
35. Sharing your own private thoughts and feelings is called
Correct : C. self-disclosure
36. Which of the following was a significant factor in determining the degree of obedience
in Milgram's series of experiments?
Correct : D. the setting in which the experiment was conducted
37. You do not want a large, unattractive political sign in your yard. However, if you initially agree to put a small sign in your window, later you are more likely to allow the
large sign in your yard. This course of events is described by the
Correct : D. foot-in-the-door effect
38. In his classic studies of conformity, Asch demonstrated that
Correct : C. lack of unanimity greatly reduces the pressure to conform
39. Expected behavior patterns associated with particular social positions are called
Correct : A. roles
40. As part of an experiment, two young women stroll down a busy sidewalk with their arms around each other. They get a variety of reactions from passersby, including
disapproving looks and comments. These reactions demonstrate the existence of
Correct : A. norms
41. How individuals are affected by the presence of others is the focus of study in the field of
Correct : B. social psychology
42. Groups reward members with __________ and __________ for comformity.
Correct : D. approval; acceptance
43. Stanley Milgram's experiment in which a "teacher" gave shocks to a "learner" was
designed to test the limits of
Correct : C. obedience
44. Milgram's shock study showed people to be surprisingly
Correct : D. obedient
45. A reference group is
Correct : D. any group whose values and attitudes are seen as relevant to one\s own
46. Studies of conformity indicate that people are more apt to be influenced by others if they
Correct : A. are concerned about the approval of others
47. In-group bias is the
Correct : A. tendency to favor one\s group and see this group as correct
48. People who are less likely to help someone because there are a lot of people present
would be exhibiting:
Correct : C. diffusion of responsibility
49. If you have a friend who is reluctant to help you clean your entire room, you maybe successful through asking him to simply help you move one item in your room. this
approach is referred to as:
Correct : C. foot-in-the-door
50. Which of these is not a principle of great man theory?
Correct : D. a great leader is only great in certain situations
51. In leadership trait theory what is a trait?
Correct : D. a list of key characteristics that makes a leader great
52. For the Ohio State leadership studies the perfect leader:
Correct : A. combines a focus on the task and the employee
53. Contingency theory is based on the assumption that the ideal leader:
Correct : A. shapes their leadership style depending on the situation
54. A transactional leader is one who:
Correct : B. does deals with people in order to get them to do things the leader wants
55. What is a transformational leader?
Correct : C. a leader who inspires the workers to new levels by offering them a vision of a better future
56. What is post-heroic leadership theory?
Correct : A. a theory which states that there is too much emphasis on leaders and more attention should be placed on followers
57. What is the social construction of leadership?
Correct : C. what counts as good leadership is a construction of the perceptions of the followers
58. What is the 'glass ceiling'?
Correct : A. a barrier which prevents women from passing through to more senior positions in the company
59. Jimmy is very quiet at school, but later that night at a party Jimmy gets 'crazy' and starts to cut the rug on the dance floor. Jimmy's classmates are stunned at this displayed
behavior. Jimmy is experiencing:
Correct : C. deindividuation
60. _____________ set up an experiment, known as the Stanford Prison experiment, where people plaed the role of a prison guard. The goal was to observe if this authority position
would cause them to act differently.
Correct : B. philip zimbardo
61. Social Facilitation occurs:
Correct : C. when the presence of other people watching improves a person’s performance
62. Groupthink is defined as:
Correct : B. thinking that revolves around keeping harmony within a group through not disagreeing with group opinion
63. In Stanley Migram's experiment on the role of obedience, the ____________ was the
person who worked with Milgram and played the part of an authority figure.
Correct : C. experimenter
64. According to Soloman Ache, in his experiment on conformity ____% of the subjects
gave the wrong answer because the group unanimously also gave the wrong answer.
Correct : A. 76
65. In Stanley Milgram's experiment on the role of obedience, the ___________ was the subject who was being observed and did not know what the experiment was about or
what was being studied.
Correct : C. teacher
66. ____________________ is a change in behavior or belief as a result of group pressure.
Correct : B. conformity
67. Publicly acting in accord with social pressure while privately disagreeing is called
Correct : B. compliance
68. Both acting and believing in accord with social pressure is called
Correct : A. acceptance
69. An important difference between Asch's experiment in which participants judged the
length of lines and Sherif's experiment in which participants judged the movement of light was that
Correct : B. there was an obviously correct answer in judging the length of lines but that was not so in judging the movement of light
70. In Asch's study of perceptual judgment involving the length of lines, naive participants
conformed __________________ of the time to the false judgments of the confederates.
Correct : B. 37 percent
71. Participants' tendencies to obey the experimenter's commands to shock a victim were
highest when the experimenter was ___________ and the victim was ___________.
Correct : A. close; distant
72. To believe that Asch's compliant participants were particularly spineless people is to
Correct : C. make the fundamental attribution error
73. How social pressure may lead us to perform immoral acts is best illustrated by studies of
Correct : C. obedience to authority
74. The effect of group size on conformity has been explained by _____________ theory.
Correct : D. social impact
75. Milgram reported that a participant's tendency to obey the experimenter decreased
dramatically
Correct : A. when two other participants defied the experimenter
76. Philip hates to attend concerts but goes because his wife wants to. After three years
Philip comes to genuinely enjoy concerts. This is an example of
Correct : B. how compliance can lead to acceptance
77. Commitment without intimacy or passion is
Correct : B. empty love
78. Decibel (dB) is the unit of
Correct : B. noise
79. Depressive disorder connected to a specific season is
Correct : B. sad
80. A person’s domicile is an example of _____________ territory
Correct : A. primary
81. Waiting room is a kind of _____________ territory
Correct : C. tertiary
82. One’s preferred chair in a class is _____________
Correct : B. secondary territory
83. Crowding is a:
Correct : D. all of the above
84. Everyone has the right to access is:
Correct : C. tertiary territory
85. According to Hall, intimate distance is
Correct : A. 6 – 18 inches
86. Personal distance is
Correct : B. 1.5 – 4 feet
87. Public distance can be
Correct : D. 12 – 25 feet
88. A distance of __________ is social distance
Correct : C. 4 – 12 feet
89. The highest level of physical distance is in ____________
Correct : B. public relations
90. Personal space first defined by
Correct : C. katz
91. Correct Sequence of prosocial behaviour
Correct : A. notice what is happening > interpret the event as an emergency > experience feelings of responsibility > believe that they have the skills to help > make a conscious choice to offer assistance
92. Unselfish concern for other people is
Correct : C. altruism
93. The Negative Affect Escape Model explained by
Correct : B. baron & bell
94. Negative Affect Escape Model links to:
Correct : B. inverted u hypothesis
95. Population is effected by
Correct : D. all of the above
96. Technical term used for the study of human population
Correct : B. demography
97. Kin selection is an evolutionary theory that explains ______________ of Altruism
Correct : A. biological reasons
98. Emergency observed -> Empathy aroused -> Help provided to the victim as it gave good
feeling to the helper is;
Correct : C. empathy-altruism hypothesis
99. Who is more likely to help?
Correct : B. a person with an altruistic personality
100. __________ introduced the notion that the presence of others can facilitate certain behavior.