Quiznetik

Psychological Statistics | Set 1

1. Which of the following are function(s) of inferential statistics?

A. estimation

B. testing of hypothesis

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : C. both (a) and (b)

2. Which of the following is true about inferential statistics?

A. help in getting an idea about sample value from population value.

B. help in getting an idea about population value from sample value.

C. help in getting data from sample.

D. none of these

Correct : B. help in getting an idea about population value from sample value.

3. Parameter in inferential statistics refers to _______

A. sample value

B. data

C. population value

D. variable name

Correct : C. population value

4. A statistic in inferential statistics is related to which of the following?

A. sample

B. population

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : A. sample

5. Estimation is the process of ______

A. formulating some hypothesis about the population

B. inferring statistic from parameter

C. testing some hypothesis about the population

D. inferring parameter from statistic

Correct : D. inferring parameter from statistic

6. Which one of the following statements is true about hypothesis?

A. it is an assumption about population value

B. there are different types of hypothesis

C. hypothesis testing is a function of inferential statistics

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

7. Which of the following is a null hypothesis?

A. there is significant relationship between the variable x and y.

B. there is no gender difference in the mean scores of mechanical aptitude.

C. there is significant effect of intelligence on achievement.

D. none of these

Correct : B. there is no gender difference in the mean scores of mechanical aptitude.

8. The opposite of null hypothesis is known as _______

A. directional hypothesis

B. statistical hypothesis

C. alternate hypothesis

D. composite hypothesis

Correct : C. alternate hypothesis

9. Which of the following is an alternate hypothesis?

A. there is significant gender difference in the mean scores of mechanical aptitude.

B. there is no significant relationship between achievement and previous knowledge.

C. there is no significant effect of intelligence on creativity.

D. none of these

Correct : A. there is significant gender difference in the mean scores of mechanical aptitude.

10. Some statement or assertion above a population is known as _____

A. unique statement

B. a standard statement

C. standard hypothesis

D. a statistical hypothesis

Correct : D. a statistical hypothesis

11. A hypothesis in which there is no indication of direction of change or relation is called a ________

A. directional hypothesis

B. non directional hypothesis

C. alternate hypothesis

D. none of these

Correct : B. non directional hypothesis

12. Tests used to test non directional hypothesis are

A. one tailed tests

B. two-tailed tests

C. three tailed tests

D. four tailed tests

Correct : B. two-tailed tests

13. For testing H0: 1=2 against H0:12 we have the ______

A. one tailed test

B. two-tailed test

C. three tailed test

D. none of these

Correct : B. two-tailed test

14. The alternate hypothesis for the null hypothesis H0: 1 < 2 is______

A. h1: 1>2

B. h1: 1 = 2

C. h1: 1<2

D. h1: 1> 2

Correct : A. h1: 1>2

15. For testing which of the following hypothesis two-tailed test is used?

A. h0 : 1< 2 against h1: 1> 2

B. h0: 1> 2 against h1: 1< 2

C. h0: 1= 2 against h1: 1 2

D. none of these

Correct : C. h0: 1= 2 against h1: 1 2

16. For testing which of the following hypothesis one tailed test is used?

A. non directional hypothesis

B. directional hypothesis

C. alternate hypothesis

D. composite hypothesis

Correct : B. directional hypothesis

17. For testing which of the following hypothesis one tailed test is used?

A. there is no significant gender difference in the mean scores of anxiety.

B. there is significant relationship between variables x and y.

C. experimental group has a higher mean y score than the control group after the treatment.

D. there is no significant difference in mean y scores of control and experimental groups after the treatment.

Correct : C. experimental group has a higher mean y score than the control group after the treatment.

18. Statistical tests are designed to test the ______

A. alternate hypothesis

B. statistical hypothesis

C. composite hypothesis

D. null hypothesis

Correct : D. null hypothesis

19. Which of the following hypothesis are accepted or rejected?

A. alternate hypothesis

B. statistical hypothesis

C. composite hypothesis

D. null hypothesis

Correct : A. alternate hypothesis

20. Hypothesis testing deals with ______

A. prediction of population values based on sample values

B. prediction of sample values based on population values

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : A. prediction of population values based on sample values

21. Which of the following is type I error?

A. the error of accepting h0 when h0 is true.

B. the error of rejecting h0 when h0 is false

C. the error of rejecting h0 when h0 is true

D. the error of accepting h0 when h0 is false.

Correct : C. the error of rejecting h0 when h0 is true

22. Which of the following is type II errors?

A. the error of accepting h0 when h0 is true

B. the error of rejecting h0 when h0 is false

C. the error of accepting h0 when h0 is false

D. the errors of rejecting h0 when h0 is true

Correct : C. the error of accepting h0 when h0 is false

23. The probability of type I error is _____

A. power of the test

B. statistical significance

C. level of significance

D. none of these

Correct : C. level of significance

24. Sampling distributions are distributions formed by ________

A. population values

B. sample values

C. parameters

D. none of these

Correct : B. sample values

25. Sampling distribution of mean values is distribution formed by ______

A. population mean values

B. sample correlation values

C. sample mean values

D. population correlation values

Correct : C. sample mean values

26. Which of the following statements is true about sampling distributions?

A. distributions formed by sample values

B. formed from a population distribution known or assumed.

C. a number of sampling distributions is possible from a population

D. all of the above.

Correct : D. all of the above.

27. Which of the following is standard error?

A. mean of sampling distribution

B. standard deviation of population distribution

C. mean of population distribution

D. standard deviation of sample distribution.

Correct : D. standard deviation of sample distribution.

28. Which of the following are true about standard error?

A. gives an idea about unreliability of the sample

B. gives an idea about confidence limits of parameter values

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : C. both (a) and (b)

29. Which of the following is a statistically large sample?

A. 29

B. 45

C. 16

D. none of these

Correct : B. 45

30. The term statistical significance refers to ________

A. how important the data are for research on the topic

B. the conclusion that there are no reasonable alternative explanation

C. the representativeness of the sample

D. the inference that the observed effects are unlikely to be due to chance.

Correct : D. the inference that the observed effects are unlikely to be due to chance.

31. If we take level of significance as 0.01 then the confidence limit will be

A. 1%

B. 0%

C. 99%

D. 100%

Correct : C. 99%

32. Critical ratio for large independent sample is given by the formula

A. z = standard deviation mean

B. z = standard error difference between means

C. z = se of the difference difference between means

D. none of these

Correct : C. z = se of the difference difference between means

33. The critical ratio is found to be 2.63 while testing H0: 1=2 against H1: 1  2. Then which of the following statements is true?

A. h0 is accepted at 0.05 level

B. h0 is rejected at 0.05 level

C. h0 is accepted at 0.01 level

D. h0 is rejected at 0.01 level

Correct : D. h0 is rejected at 0.01 level

34. While dealing with small samples, preference is given to

A. estimating the population value

B. testing a given hypothesis

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : B. testing a given hypothesis

35. The critical region is the region of

A. rejection of h0 when h0 is false

B. acceptance of h0 when h0 is false

C. rejection of h0 when h0 is true

D. none of these

Correct : C. rejection of h0 when h0 is true

36. ‘Student’ was the pen name of

A. ramanujan

B. gosset

C. garrette

D. none of these

Correct : B. gosset

37. Under which of the following circumstances ‘t’ distribution is used?

A. sample size less than or equal to 30

B. population standard deviation is unknown

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : C. both (a) and (b)

38. Which of the following are the properties of ‘t’ distribution?

A. ranges from minus infinity to plus infinity

B. ‘t’ distribution does not vary with ‘n’

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : A. ranges from minus infinity to plus infinity

39. As sample size increases the ‘t’ distribution approaches a

A. binomial distribution

B. gamma distribution

C. poisson distribution

D. normal distribution

Correct : D. normal distribution

40. The degrees of freedom for which the tabled ‘t’ value is found for test of significance of mean is given by

A. n

B. n – 2

C. n – 1

D. none of these

Correct : C. n – 1

41. The degrees of freedom for testing significance of difference between two means for small independent samples is

A. n1 + n2

B. n1 + n2 -1

C. n1 + n2 – 2

D. none of these

Correct : C. n1 + n2 – 2

42. If the samples are dependent, the difference between mean can be tested using the formula.

A. t = nsd

B. t = nsd

C. 2 nsd

D. nsd

Correct : A. t = nsd

43. Which of the following is the ‘t’ value for the following data (small independent samples) X1= 12, X2 =11, n1 =5, n2=7, s1 = 1.12, s2 = 2.31

A. 8.9

B. 0.35

C. 0.89

D. 0.79

Correct : C. 0.89

44. Normal distribution was defined specially by ------- a) Laplace b) Gauss c) DeMoivre d) None of these 59.Which of the following is significance of normal distribution in statistical analysis?

A. many of the dependent variables are commonly assumed to be normally distributed

B. many of the statistical techniques in inferential statistics assumes normality of variable.

C. the theoretical distribution of the hypothetical set of sample means is approximately normal.

D. all of the above

Correct : A. many of the dependent variables are commonly assumed to be normally distributed

45. Which of the following is incorrect about normal distribution?

A. it is symmetrical with respect to the ordinate at mean.

B. mean, median and mode coincide

C. ordinate is minimum at the mean

D. none of these

Correct : C. ordinate is minimum at the mean

46. A normal curve shows 1. a distribution of mentally normal persons 2. population distributed equally in various parts 3. greater percentage of cases distributed about the mean score 4. lesser percentage of cases belonging to extreme scores

A. only 1 and 2 are true

B. only 3 and 4 are true

C. all are true

D. all are false

Correct : B. only 3 and 4 are true

47. A mesokurtic distribution curve is a

A. normal probability curve

B. bell shaped curve

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : C. both (a) and (b)

48. A leptokurtic distribution shows

A. a bell shaped curve

B. skewness

C. steep rise in the middle

D. upto some extent it shows all of these

Correct : C. steep rise in the middle

49. Which of the following statement is true about normal curve?

A. the curve extends from - to +

B. good model for many naturally occurring distributions.

C. fifty percent of the scores are below the mean and fifty percent above it.

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

50. Which of the following is application of normal curve?

A. used to convert a raw score into standard score

B. useful in calculating percentile rank of scores

C. for normalizing a given frequency distribution

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

51. Which of the following is true about skewed distribution?

A. it is symmetrical

B. mean, median and mode coincide

C. similar to normal distribution

D. the more mean moves away from mode, larger skewness

Correct : D. the more mean moves away from mode, larger skewness

52. Which of the following statements is true about skewed distribution?

A. either positively skewed or negatively skewed.

B. in positively skewed distribution mean is maximum and mode is minimum.

C. in negatively skewed distribution mode is maximum and mean is minimum.

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

53. Which of the following statements is false?

A. in a positively skewed distribution there is excess tail on right hand side

B. in a negatively skewed distribution tail more extended in the left hand side.

C. in a skewed distribution median lies between mean and mode.

D. none of these

Correct : D. none of these

54. Which of the following statements is true about measures of skewness?

A. no limit for value in karl pearson’s method

B. value ranges from -1 to +1 in bowley’s method

C. value of zero indicates the curve is symmetrical

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

55. Which of the following statements is true about platykurtic curve as compared to normal curve?

A. flatter

B. broader central position

C. lower tails

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

56. A distribution is leptokurtic if the calculated value of kurtosis in terms of percentile is - ------

A. equal to 0.263

B. less than 0.263

C. greater than 0.263

D. none of these

Correct : B. less than 0.263

57. A distribution is platykurtic if the calculated value of kurtosis in terms of percentile is - ------

A. equal to zero

B. less than 0.263

C. greater than 0.263

D. equal to 0.156

Correct : C. greater than 0.263

58. ANOVA test is based on ------

A. variance ratio

B. probability ratio

C. random sample

D. none of these

Correct : A. variance ratio

59. ANOVA is used when -------

A. there are more than two groups

B. there is only two groups to be compared.

C. significant difference between two means is to be found

D. none of these

Correct : A. there are more than two groups

60. Which of the following test is used in ANOVA

A. t-test

B. z-test

C. f-test

D. none of these

Correct : C. f-test

61. In ANOVA, F-value is calculated using which of the following formula?

A. variancebetween groups variancewithin groups

B. variancewithin groups variancebetween groups

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : B. variancewithin groups variancebetween groups

62. The assumption basic to Analysis of Variance is

A. population distribution of the dependent variable follow normality

B. subgroups under study have same variability

C. groups drawn on certain criteria, randomly selected from the sub population.

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

63. Total sum of squares 2) Correction 3) Within sum of squares 4) Between sum of squares

A. 1, 2, 3, 4

B. 3, 2, 4, 1

C. 4, 3, 2, 1

D. 2, 1, 4, 3

Correct : B. 3, 2, 4, 1

64. The mean sum of squares (MS) is

A. the sum of squares multiplied by its degrees of freedom

B. the sum of squares divided by its degrees of freedom

C. the sum of squares minus its degrees of freedom

D. the sum of squares plus its degrees of freedom

Correct : B. the sum of squares divided by its degrees of freedom

65. In ANOVA independent variables are called

A. categories

B. levels

C. factors

D. none of these

Correct : C. factors

66. In ANOVA different categories of an independent variable are called.

A. factors

B. levels

C. groups

D. blocks

Correct : B. levels

67. If there are more than one independent variables we use

A. one way anova

B. anova for factorial design

C. both (a) and (b)

D. none of these

Correct : B. anova for factorial design

68. In one way ANOVA how many F values are calculated

A. 2

B. 3

C. 1

D. 5

Correct : C. 1

69. If there are two independent variables then how many effects are found in ANOVA?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Correct : C. 3

70. Which of the following statements are true about Two-way ANOVA with 2 x 3 design.

A. there are two independent variables

B. the first independent variable has two levels

C. the second independent variable has 3 levels

D. all of the above

Correct : D. all of the above

71. For testing the significance of difference between means, ANOVA analyses ------

A. means

B. standard deviations

C. correlations coefficients

D. variances

Correct : D. variances

72. In one way ANOVA, if the calculated F value is greater than the tabled value of F, then

A. mean difference between all pairs of groups will be significant

B. mean difference is not significant

C. mean difference between more than two groups in the set will be significant

D. mean difference between atleast two groups in the set will be significant

Correct : D. mean difference between atleast two groups in the set will be significant

73. Which of the following is true about ANOVA?

A. it is a non parametric test

B. homogeneity of variance is not a basic assumption

C. it is a parametric test

D. assumption of normality is not necessary

Correct : C. it is a parametric test

74. The calculated value of kurtosis in terms of percentile for a given data is found to be 0.321, then the distribution is

A. mesokurtic

B. leptokurtic

C. platykurtic

D. none of these

Correct : C. platykurtic

75. The process of grouping the related data in to classes is called

A. Collection

B. Tabulation

C. Grouping

D. Classification

Correct : D. Classification

76. Non-measurable characteristics of data are called

A. Variables

B. Attributes

C. Features

D. None of these

Correct : B. Attributes

77. Measurable characteristics of data are called

A. Variables

B. Features

C. Attributes

D. Characteristics

Correct : A. Variables

78. If the upper limit of a class and lower limit of the next class in a class interval are the same, it is a/an

A. Inclusive Class Interval

B. Exclusive Class Interval

C. Cumulative Class Interval

D. Statistical class interval

Correct : B. Exclusive Class Interval

79. Two-dimensional diagrams are also called

A. Pictograms

B. Area diagrams

C. Pie diagrams

D. Cartograms

Correct : B. Area diagrams

80. When the aggregate and their divisions are to be shown together, the diagram used is

A. Histogram

B. Bar diagram

C. Pie diagram

D. Square diagram

Correct : C. Pie diagram

81. Cumulative frequency curve is also called

A. Line graph

B. Frequency polygon

C. Ogive

D. None of these

Correct : C. Ogive

82. Frequency polygon is called

A. Frequency curve

B. Line graph

C. Histogram

D. Ogive

Correct : B. Line graph

83. If the highest frequency of a frequency distribution occurs at the lowest values or highest values, the distribution is

A. Symmetrical

B. Normal curve

C. Skewed

D. Non-skewed

Correct : C. Skewed

84. Lack of symmetry is called

A. Kurtosis

B. Dispersion

C. Skewness

D. Either (a) or (b)

Correct : C. Skewness

85. The sum of squares of deviations of a set of numbers from their mean is the property of

A. Arithmetic mean

B. Geometric mean

C. Harmonic mean

D. Combined mean

Correct : A. Arithmetic mean

86. ______ is a positional average.

A. Mean

B. Median

C. Mode

D. MD

Correct : B. Median

87. Value of an item which occurs more frequently than others is

A. Average

B. Mean

C. Median

D. Mode

Correct : D. Mode

88. In a moderately asymmetrical distribution

A. Mean≠ median ≠ mode

B. Mean= median ≠ mode

C. Mean≠ median = mode

D. Mean= median = mode

Correct : A. Mean≠ median ≠ mode

89. Histograms are drawn for

A. Discrete series

B. Continuous series

C. Both (a) and (b)

D. Either (a) or (b)

Correct : B. Continuous series

90. Histogram is useful to locate graphically the value of

A. Arithmetic mean

B. Median

C. Mode

D. Geometric mean

Correct : C. Mode

91. The sum of squares of deviation is least when measured from

A. Zero

B. Mean

C. Median

D. Mode

Correct : B. Mean

92. Stsndard deviation is defined as

A. Mean of deviations taken from the value of mean

B. Mean of deviations taken from value of median

C. Square root of average of squares of deviations taken from the value of mean

D. Square root of average of squares of deviations taken from the value of median

Correct : C. Square root of average of squares of deviations taken from the value of mean

93. The value of median is diagrammatically calculated by drawing

A. Histogram

B. Ogive

C. Frequency polygon

D. Line graph

Correct : B. Ogive

94. In a positively skewed distribution

A. Mean > median > mode

B. Mean < median < mode

C. Mean > median < mode

D. None of these

Correct : A. Mean > median > mode

95. _____ is a relative measure of variation based on standard deviation.

A. Quartile deviation

B. Mean deviation

C. Coefficient of variation

D. Variance

Correct : C. Coefficient of variation

96. The value of an item which occupies the central position when the items are arranged in the ascending or descending order is

A. Mean

B. Mode

C. Median

D. Average

Correct : C. Median

97. In discrete series, items having ____ frequency is taken as mode.

A. Highest

B. Lowest

C. Medium

D. Average

Correct : A. Highest

98. Measure of variation of the items from some central value is referred to as

A. Deviation

B. Dispersion

C. Difference

D. Doth (a) and (c)

Correct : B. Dispersion

99. Which of the following is not a measure of dispersion?

A. Range

B. Quartile deviation

C. Median

D. Mean deviation

Correct : C. Median

100. _____ is the simplest possible measure of dispersion.

A. Mean deviation

B. Quartile deviation

C. Standard deviation

D. Range

Correct : D. Range