Correct : C. Monitor our own movements; monitor position of the body parts
24. Sensory hair cells are an example of;
Correct : B. Proprioceptors
25. The optic nerve is composed of one axon fiber extending from each ___ cell in
the retina.
Correct : A. Ganglion
26. Different groups of cone cells are specialized for absorption in all the
following regions of the visible spectrum except
Correct : D. Yellow
27. Deep pressure on the skin is sensed by
Correct : C. Pacinian corpuscles
28. Of the four basic taste modalities, the one most limited to the tip of the tongue
is
Correct : D. Sweet
29. Olfaction (smell) differs from other sensory modalities because it
Correct : B. Does not transmit to the cerebral cortex via the thalamus
30. Hair cells are involved in all of the following receptors except
Correct : C. Taste buds
31. The bone attached to the medial side of the tympanic membrane, is the
Correct : D. Malleus
32. Sound waves travel from the air to the tympanic membrane by way of the ;
Correct : C. external auditory meatus
33. The sensory hair cells of the cochlea organ of Corti are anchored on the
Correct : A. Basilar membrane
34. The optic nerve and blood vessels exits the eye, and arteries enter it, at the
Correct : D. optic disc
35. The ability of the eyes to keep an image focused on the retina
despite changes in the distance to the object viewed is called
Correct : D. Accommodation
36. Which of the following does not belong with the rest?
Correct : A. Rod cells
37. ____________ are the basic units of communication in the nervous system.
Correct : B. Neurons
38. ______________ help neurons by providing nutrition, removing waste products,
and enhancing the speed of communication between neurons.
Correct : C. Glial cells
39. The three basic components of the neurons are ____________, ___________ and
____________.
Correct : D. Cell body, Axon and Dendrites
40. The _________________ is a white, fatty covering made up of glial cells that
increases the rate at which neural messages are sent.
Correct : D. Myelin sheath
41. Within the neuron, information is communicated in the form of brief electrical
messages called _______________.
Correct : C. Action potential
42. The _______________ is the minimum level of stimulation required to activate a
particular neuron.
Correct : A. Stimulus threshold
43. The synaptic vesicles contain chemicals called _______________.
Correct : B. Neurotransmitter
44. ________________ is the process by which neurotransmitter molecules detach from a postsynaptic neuron and are reabsorbed by the presynaptic neuron so
they can be recycled and used again.
Correct : D. Reuptake
45. Our ability to perceive, feel, think, move, act and react depends on the delicate
balance of ___________________ in the nervous system.
Correct : A. Neurotransmitter
46. _______________ stimulates muscle contractions and is involved in memory
functions.
Correct : A. Acetylcholine
47. ________________ is involved in a number of functions, including movement,
attention and learning and abnormal levels are involved in some mental disorders.
Correct : C. Dopamine
48. _________________ is involved in sleep, moods and emotional states, including
depression.
Correct : D. Serotonin
49. ________________ has been implicated in some mental disorders and is involved in activation of neurons throughout the brain and in the process of learning and
memory retrieval.
Correct : B. Norepinephrine
50. _________________ usually communicates inhibitory messages to other neurons and helps balance and offset excitatory messages.
Correct : A. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
51. ______________ are neurotransmitters that regulate pain perception and are
involved in the positive emotions associated with aerobic exercise.
Correct : C. Endorphins
52. Prozac works by inhibiting the reuptake of __________________, increasing the
availability of this neurotransmitter in the brain.
Correct : D. Serotonin
53. _______________ is a highly specialized cell that communicates information in
electrical and chemical form.
Correct : A. Neuron
54. _______________ is the primary internal communication network of the body;
divided into the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.
Correct : A. Nervous system
55. _______________ is a type of neuron that signals muscles to contract or relax.
Correct : C. Motor neurons
56. _______________ is the part of a neuron that contains the nucleus.
Correct : D. Cell body
57. ________________ is a brief electrical impulse by which information is
transmitted along the axon of a neuron.
Correct : C. Action potential
58. _______________ is a chemical messenger manufactured by a neuron.
Correct : D. Neurotransmitter
59. ______________ is the long, fluid-filled tube that carries a neuron's messages to
other body areas.
Correct : A. Axon
60. ________________ is the point of communication between two neurons.
Correct : B. Synapse
61. _________________ are the tiny pouches or sacs in the axon terminals that
contain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
Correct : B. Synaptic vesicles
62. _________________ is a neurotransmitter that is involved in the regulation of
bodily movements and thought processes.
Correct : C. Dopamine
63. ________________ is the neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity.
Correct : A. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
64. ______________neurons communicate information from one neuron to the next.
Correct : A. Interneurons
65. The ________________ is a tiny space between the axon terminal of one neuron
and the dendrite of an adjoining neuron.
Correct : C. Synaptic gap
66. _____________ are made up of large bundles of neuron axons.
Correct : B. Nerves
67. ________________ refer to simple, automatic behaviors that are produced by the
spinal cord and occur without involvement of the brain.
Correct : A. Spinal reflexes
68. ________________ is a chemical substance that inhibits the effect normally
produced by a neurotransmitter at a receptor site.
Correct : B. Antagonist
69. Additional evidence indicates that ___________________ also serve to intensify positive sensations- for example, the "runner's high" many people
experience after vigorous exercise.
Correct : A. Endorphins
70. Degeneration of ___________________ producing neurons has been linked to
Parkinson's disease.
Correct : C. Dopamine
71. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, synaptic vesicles move
toward the _____________________.
Correct : B. Cell membrane
72. Within the axons of the neuron are _________________, which are held in
storage-like vesicles until they are released when the neuron is stimulated.
Correct : A. Neurotransmitters
73. The ______________ is the most basic signal in the nervous system which consists of a rapidly moving wave of depolarization that travels along the
membrane of the individual neuron.
Correct : C. Action potential
74. _________________ are the small gaps in the myelin sheath surrounding the
axons of many neurons.
Correct : C. Nodes of Ranvier
75. _________________ carry information toward the cell body.
Correct : D. Dendrites
76. _________________ carry information away from the cell body.
Correct : C. Axons
77. In many neurons the axon is covered by a sheath of fatty material known as _____________.
Correct : A. Myelin
78. _______________ help form a barrier that prevents certain substances in the
bloodstream from reaching the brain.
Correct : C. Glial cells
79. Speeds along myelinated axons can reach ____________ miles per hour.
Correct : B. 270
80. Stimulation, either directly or by chemical messages from other neurons,
produces ___________________, a basic type of signal within neurons.
Correct : B. Graded potentials
81. Damage to the ___________________ surrounding axons can seriously affect
synaptic transmission.
Correct : D. Myelin sheath
82. In diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), progressive deterioration of the
_______________ leads to jerky, uncoordinated movements in the affected person.
Correct : A. Myelin sheath
83. The best-known imaging technique, and the first one developed for wide
spread use, is an x-ray scanning procedure called ________________.
Correct : C. CT scan
84. The pseudoscience associated with the study of the skull and personality
became known as ___________.
Correct : D. Phrenology
85. The __________ of an organism is the full sequence of genes found on the chromosomes with the associated DNA.
Correct : C. Genome
86. Researchers in the field of human behavior genetics unite __________ and
psychology to explore the causal link between inheritance and behavior.
Correct : D. Genetics
87. Researchers in the field of __________________ provide evolutionary
explanations for the social behavior and social systems of humans and other animal species.
Correct : A. Sociobiology
88. The reticular formation has long tracts of fibers that run to the ____________, which channels incoming sensory information to the appropriate area of the
cerebral cortex, where that information is processed.
Correct : D. Thalamus
89. The __________, which is the largest of the limbic system structures, plays an
important role in the acquisition of memories.
Correct : A. Hippocampus
90. The area where the axon connects to the soma is ______________.
Correct : A. Axon hillock
91. When the ___________________is too large to be jumped by the neural impulse, the signal/information must be passed using chemicals as
neurotransmitters instead of electrical currents.
Correct : D. Synaptic cleft
92. ______________ is the DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in
hereditary transmission.
Correct : D. Gene
93. _______________ is the expression of your genetic makeup (eye color, height, hair color, etc).
Correct : C. Phenotype
94. _____________ are the thread-like strands of DNA molecules that form the DNA
segments.
Correct : A. Chromosomes
95. In the brain and spinal cord, areas that are mostly axons are called
___________ which is possible to differentiate pathways or tracts of these axons.
Correct : A. White matter
96. Areas that include large number of cell bodies are called __________________.
Correct : B. Gray matter
97. When the action potential reaches the axon ending, it causes tiny bubbles of chemicals called ____________________ to release their contents into the synaptic
gap.
Correct : C. Synaptic vesicles
98. The surface of the axon contains hundreds of thousands of miniscule
mechanisms called _______________.
Correct : B. Ion channels
99. The actions of the body’s voluntary muscles are controlled by the
______________, located just in front of the central sulcus in the frontal lobes.
Correct : B. Motor cortex
100. The hypothalamus maintains the body’s internal equilibrium, or ____________.