Quiznetik

Developmental Psychology 1 | Set 1

1. Who is credited with conducting the first systematic study of developmental psychology?

Correct : A. charles darwin

2. One among the options is not dominated in the field with their extensive theories of human development.

Correct : D. b f skinner

3. The id is the part of our personality which is made up of ……………. drives.

Correct : C. instinctual

4. Erik Erikson (1902-1990) proposed a theory of development which emphasized the role of ………………….. .

Correct : C. social and cultural factors in development

5. Stages of psychosocial development: industry versus inferiority

Correct : A. 6 to 11 years

6. Stages of psychosocial development: Basic trust versus mistrust

Correct : B. birth to 1 year

7. Watson wanted to create an objective science of psychology and he believed that ………………. events should be the focus of the study.

Correct : B. directly observable

8. Bronfenbrenner's bioecological model of human development include

Correct : A. microsystem, mesosystem, exosystems, macrosystem, chronosystem

9. As per Piaget children's ………….. development is progressing through four stages.

Correct : C. cognitive

10. Sensorimotor stage of development is lasting from …………….. of age.

Correct : A. birth to about 2 years

11. Vygotsky emphasis the role of ……………………… in development of a child.

Correct : C. social interaction

12. Which is the developmental stage in Eriksons theory represent 1 to 3 years

Correct : A. autonomy vs. shame

13. In which stage of Ericksons development theory an individual develop a sense of mastery over aspects of one's environment, cope with challenges and increase responsibility.

Correct : B. initiative vs. guilt

14. An unconscious reflex action in newborn child i.e., If their palms are touched, they will make a very tight fist which is called as.

Correct : D. darwinian reflex

15. Which achievement is considered an important milestone in fine motor development?

Correct : B. palmar grasp

16. ………………. is a decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated exposure to the same stimulus.

Correct : A. habituation

17. Children are born with reflexes that allow them to suck and grasp and they begin to follow objects with their eyes. What are these reflexes known as

Correct : A. simple reflexes

18. Piaget’s had a background in Biology. What he called this theoretical framework?

Correct : C. genetic epistemology

19. What was Piaget’s primary interest in human organisms?

Correct : A. how knowledge developed

20. According Piaget the basic unit with which the cognitive structure is built up is ……………………… .

Correct : A. schema

21. According to Piaget biologically every living organism would like to remain in the existing state of ………………………… without being disturbed.

Correct : D. equilibriu

22. Children of the same age may …………….. in terms of possession of mental abilities

Correct : A. differ

23. Sensory-motor Stage

Correct : B. from birth to about 2 years

24. Which stage the child begins to utter words to ask for something rather than just reaching out to get it

Correct : A. preoperational stage

25. His thinking becomes more logical and systematic

Correct : B. concrete operational stage

26. The developmental stage in which the child is no longer ego-centric in his thinking. He does not think of himself as the centre of the external world and does not perceive the world only from his own standpoint.

Correct : C. concrete operational stage

27. Generalizations and framing of rules by operating in abstract terms become quite possible at this stage.

Correct : D. preoperational stage

28. Human languages have a ……………………. structure.

Correct : A. hierarchical

29. The smallest speech units in a language that can be distinguished perceptually.

Correct : A. phonemes

30. …………………………are the smallest units of meaning in a language.

Correct : B. morphemes

31. …………………… is a system of rules that specify how words can be arranged into sentences.

Correct : A. syntax

32. .…………………. is the knowledge, independent of semantics and syntax etc, of what kind of response would be appropriate in a given social situation.

Correct : B. pragmatics

33. …………………….. is the stage at which the individually meaningless phonemes are assembled to produce meaningful portions of language, called morphemes.

Correct : A. semantics

34. Attachment theory is the joint work of ……………… and Mary Ainsworth.

Correct : C. john bowlby

35. …………….. is a psychological, evolutionary, and ethological theory concerning relationships between humans

Correct : A. attachment theory

36. Which mostly affects the development of emotional self-regulation?

Correct : A. temperament

37. In child-to-adult relationships, the child's tie is called the "attachment" and the caregiver's reciprocal equivalent is referred to as ……………….. .

Correct : B. care-giving bond

38. Who is known as the principle attachment figure?

Correct : C. mothers

39. ……………….. is the anticipation or fear of being cut off from the attachment figure.

Correct : A. anxiety

40. In which stage attachment behaviours such as clinging and following decline and selfreliance increases.

Correct : C. middle childhood

41. Types of Bowlby’s theory of attachment (Child and caregiver behaviour patterns before the age of 18 months)

Correct : B. secure, avoidant, ambivalent/resistant & disorganized

42. In which attachment pattern of Bowlby children show a pattern of alternate aggression and withdrawal?

Correct : D. disorganized

43. Who extended the Attachment theory to adult romantic relationships?

Correct : A. cindy hazan and phillip shaver

44. In Freud's view, development is a …………….. process.

Correct : B. discontinuous

45. In Freud’s oral developmental stage the pleasure is centered around the ……………..

Correct : A. mouth

46. Freud's theory relied mainly on the use of methods such as

Correct : D. free association, dream analysis, case study & introspection

47. Who proposed the psychosocial theory?

Correct : A. erik erickson

48. Watson applied ………….. principles of classical conditioning to children's behaviour.

Correct : B. pavlov\s

49. What is the name of the child whom the classical condioning was tested by J. Watson?

Correct : A. albert

50. Who proposed the operant conditioning learning theory?

Correct : B. skinner

51. Who among the learning theorist proposed the Modelling principle?

Correct : B. skinner

52. Strength of Bandura's social learning theory is its emphasis on particular aspects of the environment, such as the nature of the ……………. available to children.

Correct : A. role models

53. Which is the correct sequence of stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Correct : A. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

54. During which stage of cognitive development do children acquire object permanence?

Correct : A. sensorimotor

55. As a child observes, liquid is transferred from a tall, thin tube into a short, wide jar. The child is asked if there is now less liquid in order to determine if she has mastered:

Correct : C. the concept of conservation.

56. Piaget held that egocentrism is characteristic of the:

Correct : B. preoperational stage.

57. According to Piaget, the ability to think logically about abstract propositions is indicative of the stage of:

Correct : C. formal operations.

58. Whose stage theory of moral development was based on how people reasoned about ethical dilemmas?

Correct : D. kohlberg

59. To which of Kohlberg's levels would moral reasoning based on the existence of fundamental human rights pertain?

Correct : C. postconventional morality

60. Sam, a junior in high school, regularly attends church because his family and friends think he should. Which stage of moral reasoning is Sam in?

Correct : B. conventional

61. In preconventional morality, the person:

Correct : C. obeys to avoid punishment or to gain concrete rewards.

62. According to Erikson, the central psychological challenges pertaining to adolescence, young adulthood, and middle age, respectively, are:

Correct : A. identity formation; intimacy; generativity.

63. In Erikson's theory, individuals generally focus on developing during adolescence and then during young adulthood.

Correct : A. identity; intimacy

64. After a series of unfulfilling relationships, 30-year-old Carlos tells a friend that he doesn't want to marry because he is afraid of losing his freedom and independence. Erikson would say that Carlos is having difficulty with the psychosocial task of:

Correct : C. intimacy versus isolation.

65. Motor development in babies develops in a proximodistal fashion. This is best described as:

Correct : A. from nearest to the center of the body to the farthest from the center

66. According to Sigmund Freud, what is the correct order of the five psychosexual stages of development?

Correct : B. oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

67. Authoritative parents can best be defined as:

Correct : D. supportive parents who discuss their rules and policies with their children

68. Which of the following is NOT one of Kohlberg’s stages of moral reasoning?

Correct : B. unconventional

69. According to the cognitive developmental perspective of development, the child is ______ and development is _____.

Correct : D. active, discontinuous

70. Which of the following statements about the heritability of temperament is TRUE?

Correct : C. heritability is demonstrated by mz twins being more similar than dz twins

71. By what age do children typically succeed on false-belief and appearance reality problems?

Correct : C. 5 years

72. Which of the following comparisons between Piaget and Kohlberg’s theories of moral judgement is TRUE:

Correct : A. both agreed that to young children, right and wrong is determined by obedience to rules and authority figures

73. At what age do children begin to differentiate between others’ emotional distress and their own?

Correct : B. 6-14 months

74. The realization that all sets of a particular number of objects (e.g. 5) have something in common is referred to as:

Correct : A. numerical equality

75. Piaget believed that young infants’ failure to reach for a hidden object indicated that they:

Correct : B. were unaware of the existence of the object

76. At what age do children typically develop gender identity (the ability to label each correctly)?

Correct : B. 2-1/2 years

77. Which of Erikson's Psychosocial Stages characterizes adolescence?

Correct : C. identity vs identity diffusion

78. The rooting reflex occurs when a:

Correct : B. newborn\s cheek is touched.

79. In Piaget's theory, conservation is to egocentrism as the stage is to the stage.

Correct : D. concrete operational; preoperational

80. In Piaget's stage of concrete operational intelligence, the child acquires an understanding of the principle of:

Correct : A. conservation.

81. In a 1998 movie, a young girl finds that a gaggle of geese follows her wherever she goes because she was the first “object” they saw after they were born. This is an example of:

Correct : B. imprinting.

82. The developmental theorist who suggested that securely attached children develop an attitude of basic trust is:

Correct : D. erikson.

83. Which of the following was not mentioned in the text as a criticism of Kohlberg's theory of moral development?

Correct : A. it does not account for the fact that the development of moral reasoning is culture- specific.

84. In Erikson's theory, individuals generally focus on developing during adolescence and then during young adulthood.

Correct : A. identity; intimacy

85. Which of the following theories best exemplifies continuity?

Correct : B. vygotsky\s sociocultural theory

86. Jean Piaget defined egocentrism as:

Correct : B. the idea that preschool children cannot see things from another\s point of view

87. Monica is extremely neat and orderly. She cannot stand it when people touch things on her desk. She also has a problem lending money to even her closest friends. Freud would say she is stuck in what psychosexual stage?

Correct : B. anal

88. According to Erik Erikson, what is one major conflict teenagers deal with during the identity versus role confusion stage of psychosocial development?

Correct : A. finding a more purposeful life as an adult

89. According to Erik Erikson, as a young adult you are most interested in developing:

Correct : D. intimacy

90. As children begin their elementary school years, they enter Erikson's stage of:

Correct : D. industry versus inferiority

91. Which of the following is a similarity between the cognitive developmental theory of Piaget and the moral developmental theory of Kohlberg?

Correct : A. both theories stress the importance of changes in thinking in their stages.

92. According to social learning theory, gender identity is I. A process which occurs when young children unconsciously identify with the same-sex parent. II. A result of being positively reinforced for acting in ways that conform to male and female roles. III. Learned through observing and imitating role models like their parents.

Correct : D. ii and iii only

93. Which of the following theories best exemplifies continuity?

Correct : B. vygotsky\s sociocultural theory

94. Which of the following reflexes is not a reflex infants enter the world equipped with?

Correct : D. licking

95. Temperament is best defined as:

Correct : D. psychological and physiological personality traits a young child models from his