Quiznetik

Dosage Form Design 2 | Set 2

1. In two compartment model, extravascular route of drug administration, there are ……phases

Correct : D. All of the above

2. Ka is estimated by

Correct : C. Both a and b

3. The central compartment consist of

Correct : A. Highly perfused tissues

4. What does "pharmacokinetics" includes?

Correct : D. Excretion of substances

5. Pharmacokinetics is:

Correct : A. The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs

6. What does "pharmacokinetics" includes?

Correct : A. Drug biotransformation in the organism

7. Parenteral administration:

Correct : D. Usually produces a more rapid response than oral administration

8. The volume of distribution (Vd) relates:

Correct : A. The amount of a drug in the body to the concentration of a drug in plasma

9. For the calculation of the volume of distribution (Vd) one must take into account:

Correct : D. Concentration of a substance in plasma

10. ……….. is a mathematical concept which describes a space in the body which a drug appears to occupy.

Correct : B. Compartment

11. ………………..is the manner in which a drug is taken.

Correct : A. Dosage regimen

12. …………………it is the extent to which a drug will accumulate relative to the first dose can be quantified by an accumulation factor R.

Correct : A. Accumulation Index

13. ………………… is an initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down to a lower maintenance dose.

Correct : C. Loading dose

14. The compartment models provide visual representation of various rate processes involved in drug disposition. Given statement is:

Correct : B. True

15. ...................is composed of highly perfused tissues, extracellular fluid, and blood with rapid and uniform drug distribution.

Correct : A. Central compartment

16. ……………composed of groups of tissues with lower blood perfusion and different affinity the drug with slow drug distribution.

Correct : B. Peripheral compartment

17. A multicompartment model assumes that all transfer rate processes for the passage of drug into or out of individual compartments are…………….. processes.

Correct : A. First-order

18. The multicompartment models are intended to provide…………….

Correct : C. Both of the above

19. The biological half-life of drug:

Correct : C. may be increased in patients with impaired renal failure

20. The half life of a drug eliminated by first order elimination kinetics will be longer in individuals who have an:

Correct : B. increased volume of distribution or decreased clearance

21. Half life (t1/2) is the time required to:

Correct : A. change the amount of a drug in plasma by half during elimination

22. Half life (t1/2) does not depend on:

Correct : B. time of drug absorption

23. Elimination rate constant (Kelim) is defined by the following parameter:

Correct : D. half life (t1/2)

24. Systemic clearance (Cl) is related with:

Correct : C. volume of distribution, half life and elimination rate constant

25. Biological Half life equation for first order process is

Correct : B. t1/2 = 0.693/K

26. The area under the serum concentration time curve of the drug represents:

Correct : C. The amount of drug absorbed

27. Drug having ……..half-lives take a very short time to achieve plateau concentration.

Correct : A. shorter

28. The primary pharmacokinetic parameter clearance can be calculated by

Correct : D. all of the above

29. ………..change in drug kinetics is known as chronokinetics.

Correct : A. Time-dependent

30. Constant rate infusion prevents………..in blood levels.

Correct : D. all of the above

31. Constant rate infusion is……..

Correct : C. Both (a) & (b)

32. Concentration of drug at peak is known as …………drug concentration.

Correct : A. maximum

33. In one compartment open model, the term open indicates input and output is:

Correct : A. unidirectional

34. The mathematical relationship between plasma drug concentration and pharmacological response is called as………..

Correct : C. PK-PD modeling

35. The ratio of maximum safe concentration to minimum effective concentration is called as

Correct : A. Therapeutic index

36. Half life of zero-order process is proportional to of drug.

Correct : A. initial concentration

37. The ability of liver to excrete drug in bile is expressed by………

Correct : B. biliary clearance

38. ………… is nothing but manner in which drug should be taken.

Correct : B. dosage regimen

39. What is dosage regimen?

Correct : C. The manner in which a drug is taken

40. What is optimal multiple dosage regimen?

Correct : B. Dosage which maintains the plasma concentration within the therapeutic window.

41. On what basis the dose interval is calculated?

Correct : B. Half-life of the drug

42. What is fluctuation?

Correct : A. Cmax/Cmin

43. How do you calculate the ideal body weight for men?

Correct : A. 50 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height

44. How do you calculate the ideal body weight for a woman?

Correct : B. 45 kg +- 1kg/2.5cm above or below 150 cm in height

45. Which of the following drugs are lipid soluble?

Correct : A. Phenytoin

46. Which of the following drugs get distributed to the same extent in both lean and adipose tissue?

Correct : B. Caffeine

47. Which of the following drugs can get distributed to the excess body space of obese patient?

Correct : D. Antibiotics

48. Which of the following drug can get distributed in the excess body space?

Correct : C. Digoxin

49. Neonates, infants and children require different dosages than adults.

Correct : A. True

50. Accumulation occurs because drug from previous doses was not being removed completely.

Correct : A. True

51. The renal clearance of a drug bound to plasma protein is increased after displacement with another drug.

Correct : A. True

52. Which of the following promotes excretion of acidic drugs?

Correct : A. Citrates

53. Which of the following promotes the excretion of basic drugs?

Correct : D. Ammonium chloride

54. This is the equation for the calculation of creatinine clearance. Which age group does the Clcr = 0.48 H / Scr *[W/70]0.7 formula belong to?

Correct : B. 1-20 years

55. This is the equation for the calculation of creatinine clearance. Which age group does the Clcr = (140 – Age) W / 72 * Scr formula belong to?

Correct : C. Males above 20 years

56. This is the equation for the calculation of creatinine clearance. Which age group does the Clcr = (140 – Age) W / 85 * Scr formula belong to?

Correct : D. Females above 20 years

57. A girl with age 21 has height 240cm, weight 55kg, serum creatinine of 0.8mg will have ______________ creatinine clearance.

Correct : C. 96.25 ml/min

58. An adult male with age 22 has height 240cm, weight 85kg, serum creatinine of 0.8mg will have ______________ creatinine clearance.

Correct : D. 174.131 ml/min

59. Which creatinine clearance value shows moderate renal failure?

Correct : B. 20-50 ml/min

60. Which creatinine clearance value shows severe renal failure?

Correct : C. Below 10 ml/min

61. Drugs in patients with renal impairment have same pharmacokinetic profile as in a person without renal failure.

Correct : B. False

62. Which kind of membrane is used in haemodialysis?

Correct : A. Artificial Semipermeable membrane

63. Which kind of membrane is used in haemodialysis?

Correct : C. Natural semipermeable membrane of peritoneal cavity

64. Which of the following will not be a factor governing the removal of substances through dialysis?

Correct : C. Disintegration time

65. Haemodialysis is also known as extracorporeal dialysis.

Correct : A. True

66. Which of the following is not a mechanism for pharmacokinetic analysis?

Correct : D. Human model

67. In which of the following models the body is considered to be composed of several compartments?

Correct : A. Compartment model

68. In which of the model peripheral compartments are connected to a central compartment?

Correct : D. Mammillary model

69. Which organs will make up the peripheral compartment?

Correct : D. Pancreas

70. In which model compartments are joined in series?

Correct : B. Caternary model

71. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the caternary compartment model?

Correct : C. Compartments and parameters bear a relationship with physiologic functions

72. In noncompartmental analysis, Mean residence time is equal to _____________

Correct : A. The area under the first moment curve/area under the zero moment curve

73. Which pharmacokinetic model is drawn on the basis of anatomic and physiologic data?

Correct : C. Physiologic model

74. Which of the following will be a disadvantage for the physiologic model?

Correct : C. Obtaining experimental data for each of the organs

75. Which model is also known as membrane permeation rate limited?

Correct : A. Physiologic model

76. What does the word “open” mean in the one compartment open model?

Correct : C. Unidirectional input and output

77. How much time does an intravenously administered drug take to complete a complete circulation?

Correct : C. 1-3 min

78. In the equation log C = log Co – KEt/2.303, what does Co stand for _______

Correct : D. Plasma drug concentration immediately after i.v. injection.

79. What is meant by elimination half-life?

Correct : D. Time take for half of the amount of drug to get completely eliminated from the body as well as plasma

80. What is the equation to find out the apparent volume of distribution?

Correct : A. Amount of drug in the body/plasma drug concentration

81. The i.v. bolus dosage is 500mg and the plasma drug concentration is 0.8 mg/ml. What should be the volume of distribution?

Correct : C. 625 ml

82. To have a plasma distribution value of 900 ml and plasma drug concentration to be 1.2 mg/ml what should be the amount of drug that should be given to the patient?

Correct : C. 1080 mg

83. What is the equation to find out hepatic clearance?

Correct : B. Rate of elimination by kidney/plasma drug concentration

84. Which organs comprise the central compartment in a two compartment model?

Correct : D. Liver

85. Which organ comprises the peripheral compartment in a two compartment model?

Correct : D. Muscles

86. Which of the following is not a category of 2 compartment model?

Correct : D. Two compartment model with elimination from both the compartments