Quiznetik
Managerial Economics 1 | Set 3
1. Under ….. Method, a panel is selected to give suggestions to solve the problems in hand
A. Opinion survey
B. Expert opinion
C. Delphi method
D. Consumer interview
Correct : C. Delphi method
2. Consumer Interview method of demand forecasting may undertaken by;
A. Complete enumeration
B. Sample survey
C. End‐use method
D. All the above
Correct : D. All the above
3. In …….. approach, the demand for new product is estimated on the basis demand of existing product
A. Growth curve approach
B. Evolutionary approach.
C. Opinion polling approach
D. Vicarious approach.
Correct : B. Evolutionary approach.
4. In …….approach, Consumers reactions on the new products are found out indirectly with the help of specialized dealers
A. Growth curve approach
B. Evolutionary approach.
C. Opinion polling approach
D. Vicarious approach.
Correct : D. Vicarious approach.
5. In ………approach, on the basis of the growth of an established product, the demand for the new product is estimated
A. Growth curve approach
B. Evolutionary approach.
C. Opinion polling approach
D. vicarious approach
Correct : A. Growth curve approach
6. Method of demand forecasting is also called “economic model building”
A. Opinion survey
B. Complete enumeration
C. Correlation and regression
D. Delphi method
Correct : C. Correlation and regression
7. Criteria for good demand forecasting includes;
A. Plausibility
B. Simplicity
C. Economy
D. All the above.
Correct : D. All the above.
8. ………..is the base of marketing planning
A. Demand Estimation
B. Demand analysis
C. Demand function
D. Demand forecasting
Correct : D. Demand forecasting
9. Growth curve approach is used for forecasting demand of ………….products
A. New
B. Old
C. Existing
D. Both old and existing.
Correct : A. New
10. Which of the following is not a method of demand forecasting of new products
A. Trend projection
B. Substitute approach
C. Evolutionary approach
D. Sales experience approach
Correct : A. Trend projection
11. ………..= R2‐R1/Q2‐Q1
A. Average revenue
B. Total revenue
C. Marginal revenue
D. Incremental revenue
Correct : C. Marginal revenue
12. ……….. Measures the differences between the new total revenue and existing total revenue
A. Average revenue
B. Total revenue
C. Marginal revenue
D. Incremental revenue
Correct : D. Incremental revenue
13. ………. means the total receipts from sales divided by the number of unit sold.
A. Average revenue
B. Total revenue
C. Marginal revenue
D. Incremental revenue
Correct : A. Average revenue
14. So long as Average Revenue is falling, Marginal Revenue will be …………. Average Revenue
A. Less than
B. More than
C. Equal to
D. None of these
Correct : A. Less than
15. Where Marginal revenue is negative, TR will be …………..
A. Rising
B. Falling
C. Zero
D. One
Correct : B. Falling
16. Total Revenue will be maximum at the point where Marginal Revenue is
A. One
B. Zero
C. <1
D. >1
Correct : B. Zero
17. ………….. is the change in total revenue irrespective of changes in price or due to the effect of managerial decision on revenue
A. Average revenue
B. Total revenue
C. Marginal revenue
D. Incremental revenue
Correct : D. Incremental revenue
18. In…………..pricing fixed cost are excluded.
A. skimming pricing
B. going rate pricing
C. administered pricing
D. marginal cost pricing
Correct : D. marginal cost pricing
19. Fixing high price during the introduction is called
A. skimming
B. penetrating
C. full cost pricing
D. target pricing
Correct : A. skimming
20. The firm charges price in tune with the industry’s price is called
A. competitive pricing
B. going rate pricing
C. tune pricing
D. target pricing
Correct : B. going rate pricing
21. Method of charging low price initially called……………
A. skimming
B. penetrating
C. full cost pricing
D. target pricing
Correct : B. penetrating
22. Pricing is done on the basis of managerial decisions, not on the basis of cost, demand etc…
A. Managerial pricing
B. Administered pricing
C. Full cost pricing
D. Competitive pricing
Correct : B. Administered pricing
23. Which of the following method of pricing is popular in wholesale and retail trades
A. skimming
B. penetrating
C. full cost pricing
D. target pricing
Correct : C. full cost pricing
24. Which one of the following is not an internal factor influencing pricing policy
A. cost
B. objectives
C. marketing mix
D. demand
Correct : D. demand
25. Which one of the following is an internal factor influencing pricing
A. demand
B. competition
C. distribution channel
D. product life cycle
Correct : D. product life cycle
26. Cost plus pricing is also called
A. margin pricing
B. full cost pricing
C. mark up pricing
D. all the above
Correct : D. all the above
27. Average cost pricing is also called as
A. cost plus pricing
B. marginal cost pricing
C. margin pricing
D. both a & c
Correct : D. both a & c
28. Under which method, the cost is added with the predetermined target rate of return on capital invested
A. Cost plus pricing
B. Target pricing
C. Mark up pricing
D. None of these
Correct : B. Target pricing
29. Target pricing is also called as
A. Cost plus pricing
B. Rate of return pricing
C. Mark up pricing
D. None of these
Correct : B. Rate of return pricing
30. Under the Marginal cost pricing, the price is determined on the basis of;
A. Fixed cost
B. Variable cost
C. Total cost
D. Average cost
Correct : B. Variable cost
31. Cinema Theater, telephone bills etc..are following
A. Full cost pricing
B. Marginal cost pricing
C. Differential pricing
D. Mark up pricing
Correct : C. Differential pricing
32. Price discrimination is also called as
A. Discriminatory pricing
B. Differential pricing
C. Average cost pricing
D. a & b above
Correct : D. a & b above
33. The method of pricing which is also known as Parity pricing and Acceptance pricing is
A. Differential pricing
B. Going rate pricing
C. Discriminatory pricing
D. Mark up pricing
Correct : B. Going rate pricing
34. The pricing of cup of tea or coffee, is an example of
A. Mark up pricing
B. Marginal cost pricing
C. Conventional pricing
D. Cost plus pricing
Correct : C. Conventional pricing
35. ……………………is the method of leadership pricing
A. Going rate pricing
B. Follow up pricing
C. Barometric pricing
D. Parity pricing
Correct : C. Barometric pricing
36. Generally used strategy for pricing new products is/are
A. Skimming price strategy
B. Penetration price strategy
C. Both a & b
D. None of these
Correct : C. Both a & b
37. …………… provide guidelines to carry out ……………
A. Pricing strategies, pricing policies
B. Pricing policies, pricing strategies
C. Pricing rules, pricing policies
D. Pricing rules, pricing strategies
Correct : B. Pricing policies, pricing strategies
38. Psychological pricing is also called as;
A. Penetration pricing
B. Skimming pricing
C. Odd pricing
D. None of these
Correct : C. Odd pricing
39. Prices of Bata shoe as Rs.99.99, this pricing is
A. Mark up pricing
B. Odd pricing
C. Marginal cost pricing
D. Follow up pricing.
Correct : B. Odd pricing
40. Which one of the following is not a reason for adopting skimming price strategy
A. When the demand of new product is relatively inelastic.
B. When there is no close substitutes
C. Elasticity of demand is not known
D. Product has high price elasticity in the initial stage
Correct : D. Product has high price elasticity in the initial stage
41. Which one of the following is not a reason for adopting penetration price strategy
A. Product has high price elasticity in the initial stage.
B. The product is accepted by large number of customers.
C. Economies of large scale production available to firm
D. When the buyers are not able to compare the value and utility
Correct : D. When the buyers are not able to compare the value and utility
42. Customary pricing is also known as
A. Consumer pricing
B. Conventional pricing
C. Cost plus pricing
D. Full cost pricing
Correct : B. Conventional pricing
43. Which of the following is/ are the reason for adopting penetration price strategy
A. Economies of large scale production available to firm.
B. Potential market for the product is large.
C. Cost of production is low.
D. All the above
Correct : D. All the above
44. Which of the following is/ are the reason for adopting skimming price strategy
A. When the buyers are not able to compare the value and utility.
B. To attract the high income customers.
C. When the product has distinctive qualities, luxuries
D. All the above
Correct : D. All the above
45. The market with a single producer’’
A. perfect competition
B. monopolistic competition
C. oligopoly
D. monopoly
Correct : D. monopoly
46. In the oligopoly market there are
A. large no. of firms
B. a few firms
C. a single firm
D. an infinite no. of firms
Correct : B. a few firms
47. The short run production function is called;
A. Returns to scale
B. law of variable proportion
C. Production possibility frontier
D. None of these
Correct : B. law of variable proportion
48. Under oligopoly a single seller cannot influence significantly
A. market price
B. quantity supplied
C. advertisement cost
D. all the above
Correct : D. all the above
49. Average revenue is the revenue per
A. unit commodity sold
B. total commodity sold
C. marginal commodity sold
D. none of these
Correct : A. unit commodity sold
50. The distinction between variable cost and fixed cost is relevant only in
A. long period
B. short period
C. medium term
D. mixed period
Correct : B. short period
51. The condition for the long run equilibrium of a perfectly competitive firm
A. Price=MC=AC
B. Price=TC
C. MC=AVC
D. MC=MR
Correct : A. Price=MC=AC
52. Product differentiation is the important feature of
A. monopoly
B. perfect competition
C. monopolistic competition
D. monophony
Correct : C. monopolistic competition
53. The no. of firms under oligopoly is
A. 1
B. 2
C. many
D. few
Correct : D. few
54. The law of diminishing returns applies more to
A. agriculture
B. industry
C. services
D. commerce
Correct : A. agriculture
55. The opportunity cost of a given activity is
A. the value of next best activity
B. the value of material used
C. the cost of input used
D. none of these
Correct : A. the value of next best activity
56. The function of combining the other factors of production is done by
A. land
B. labour
C. Capital
D. Entrepreneurship
Correct : B. labour
57. The factors used in the production
A. Land and labor
B. capital & entrepreneurship
C. both a&b
D. only capital
Correct : C. both a&b
58. In a perfect market both buyers and sellers are
A. price maker
B. price giver
C. price taker
D. all the above
Correct : C. price taker
59. Which is the determinant of the pricing policy of a firm?
A. Channel of distribution
B. Age of product
C. Consumer association
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
60. Information for pricing decisions involves:
A. Product information
B. Market information
C. Information at the micro level
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
61. Which is the reason of skimming price?
A. Inelastic demand
B. Diversion of market
C. Safer price policy
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
62. Which is the condition of for market penetration?
A. High price elasticity of demand in the short run
B. Savings in production costs
C. Threat of potential competition
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
63. Production may be defined as an act of:
A. Creating utility
B. Earning profit
C. Destroying utility
D. Providing services
Correct : A. Creating utility
64. The demand curve of a firm in the case of perfect competition is:
A. Parallel to output axis
B. Increasing with the output axis
C. Decreasing with the output axis
D. Complete
Correct : A. Parallel to output axis
65. The implication of the kinked demand curve is reflected in a discontinuity in the:
A. Marginal revenue curve
B. Marginal cost curve
C. Total revenue curve
D. Total cost curve
Correct : A. Marginal revenue curve
66. A firm that is the sole seller of a product without close substitutes called:
A. Monopoly
B. Oligopoly
C. Competition
D. Bureaucracy
Correct : A. Monopoly
67. When all the productive services are increased in a given proportion, the product is increased in the same proportion. This situation is called:
A. Law of increasing
B. Situation of constant returns
C. Fixed cost
D. Variable cost
Correct : B. Situation of constant returns
68. Which factors is/are influencing price policy?
A. Cost of product
B. Time factor
C. Government policy
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
69. Pricing methods are:
A. Standard cost method
B. Learning curve method
C. Marginal cost method
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
70. Which is the feature of perfect competition?
A. Large number of buyers and sellers
B. Freedom of entry and exit
C. Normal profit in the long run
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
71. Which is/are the salient features of monopolistic competition?
A. Large number of sellers
B. Normal profit
C. Free entry and exit of firms in industry
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
72. Which are the characteristics of monopoly?
A. Single seller or producer
B. No close substitutes
C. Inelastic demand curve
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
73. The causes of emergence of monopoly is/are:
A. Concentration of ownership of raw materials
B. State regulation
C. Public utility services
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
74. Which are not the features of oligopoly?
A. Few sellers
B. Advertising and sales promotion
C. One firm
D. Conflicting attitudes of firms
Correct : C. One firm
75. The monopoly can be controlled by:
A. Social boycott
B. Antimonopoly legislation
C. Public ownership
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
76. The properties of indifference curves are:
A. Indifference curve slops downwards from left to right
B. Convex to the point of origin
C. Two indifference curve never cut each other
D. All of these
Correct : D. All of these
77. Price discrimination occurs when variation in prices for a product in different markets does not reflect variation?
A. Costs
B. Price
C. Demand
D. All of these
Correct : A. Costs
78. The competitive firm’s long run supply curve is the portion of it’s …………..curve lies above average total cost.
A. Marginal cost
B. Revenue cost
C. Fixed cost
D. All of these
Correct : A. Marginal cost
79. Whenever marginal cost is more than …………average total cost is falling:
A. Average total revenue
B. Average total cost
C. Average profit
D. All of these
Correct : B. Average total cost
80. Whenever ………..is greater than average total cost, average total cost is rising.
A. Marginal cost
B. Variable cost
C. Fixed cost
D. Full cost
Correct : A. Marginal cost
81. The claim that, other things equal, the quantity supplied of a goods rises when the price of goods raises known as:
A. Law of economics
B. Law of supply
C. Law of demand
D. All of these
Correct : B. Law of supply
82. The marginal revenue equation can be derived from the:
A. Demand equation
B. Supply equation
C. Cost equation
D. Price equation
Correct : A. Demand equation
83. Marginal revenue is ………….at the quantity that generate maximum total revenue and negative beyond that point.
A. Zero
B. One
C. +1
D. -1
Correct : A. Zero
84. ------------is situation of severely falling prices and lowest level of economic activities
A. Boom
B. Recovery
C. Recession
D. Depression
Correct : D. Depression
85. ------------is situation with increased investment and increased price
A. Recession
B. Progress
C. Boom
D. Recovery
Correct : C. Boom
86. Which of the following is not a macroeconomic concept?
A. Business cycle
B. National income
C. Government policy
D. None of these
Correct : D. None of these
87. Where boom ends,……….. starts
A. Recovery
B. Recession
C. Progress
D. Depression
Correct : B. Recession
88. Factors which change over a long period of time are called……..factors
A. Business
B. Cyclic
C. Secular
D. All the above
Correct : C. Secular
89. In business cycle concept, the period (approximately) of “Kit chin cycle” is of:
A. 5 years
B. 10 months
C. 2 years
D. 4 months
Correct : D. 4 months
90. The “law of variable proportion” is first explained by
A. Edward west
B. Marshall
C. Veblen
D. Keynes
Correct : A. Edward west
91. Functional relationship between input and output known as
A. Conversion
B. Production function
C. Work in progress
D. Output function
Correct : B. Production function
92. …………..product will never be zero or negative
A. Marginal
B. Total
C. Average
D. All the above
Correct : C. Average
93. A graph indicating different combination of inputs with different level of output is called
A. Iso-cost map
B. BEP map
C. Input-output map
D. Iso-quant map
Correct : D. Iso-quant map
94. Which is not a property of ISOQUANT?
A. Downward sloping
B. Convex
C. Negative slope
D. Positive slope
Correct : D. Positive slope
95. Which of the following is not a variable input?
A. Raw material
B. Power
C. Equipment
D. None of these
Correct : C. Equipment
96. Which of the following is a short run law?
A. Law of constant return to scale
B. Law of increasing return to scale
C. Law of diminishing return
D. None of these
Correct : C. Law of diminishing return
97. …………is called produced means of production
A. Land
B. Labour
C. Capital
D. Raw material
Correct : C. Capital
98. In the long run all input become …………
A. Fixed
B. Variable
C. Semi variable
D. None of these
Correct : B. Variable
99. The term “Economies” refers to
A. Product advantage
B. Cost advantage
C. Sales advantage
D. All of the above
Correct : B. Cost advantage
100. Who classified economies of scale into internal and external?
A. Robinson
B. Marshall
C. Edward west
D. Pigue
Correct : B. Marshall