1. The book “ The Elementary Forms of Religious Life”was written by
Correct : B. Emile Durkheim
2. Which one of the following approaches mainly focuses on Consciousness
Correct : C. Phenomenology
3. Looking glass Self theory was developed by
Correct : C. C.H.Cooley
4. Verstehen approach was developed by
Correct : B. Max Weber
5. Which of the following had profoundly conservative implications for early
American sociology?
Correct : D. the political liberation of early Sociologists
6. According to Lester Ward, applied sociology was intended to:
Correct : A. use scientific knowledge to better society.
7. Charles Horton Cooley is known for which of the following ideas?
Correct : B. the looking-glass self
8. ______________ is the most important thinker associated with the Chicago
school and symbolic interactionism.
Correct : D. George Herbert Mead
9. Double-consciousness is a key theoretical idea of:
Correct : D. W.E.B. Du Bois.
10. Talcott Parsons is known as a(n):
Correct : A. structural-functionalist.
11. Who is the author of the book “ Protestant ethic and spirit of capitalism”
Correct : A. Max Weber
12. Erving Goffman was associated with
Correct : C. Dramaturgy
13. Name the author of the book” Mind, Self and Society”
Correct : A. G.H.Mead
14. Which of the following sociological theorists is best known for his sociology of
knowledge?
Correct : A. Karl Mannheim
15. Which of the following thinkers is known as a radical sociologist?
Correct : D. C. Wright Mills
16. Conflict theory emerged as a(n):
Correct : C. Alternative to structural-functionalism.
17. Exchange theory was pioneered by which of the following theorists?
Correct : D. George Homans
18. Which of the following thinkers pioneered dramaturgical analysis?
Correct : D. . Erving Goffman
19. Alfred Schutz is known as a(n) _______________ sociologist.
Correct : D. phenomenological
20. Ethnomethodology is known as a(n):
Correct : A. sociology of everyday life.
21. ___________ is considered the major representative of poststructuralism.
Correct : C. .Michel Foucault
22. How does feminist theory look at the world?
Correct : B. from the vantage points of women
23. Which of the following theorists views modernity as an “unfinished project”?
Correct : A. Jurgen Habermas
24. Which of the following is NOT one of Talcott Parsons’s functional imperatives?
Correct : D. personality system
25. In Talcott Parsons’s work, the behavioral organism handles the
___________function.
Correct : D. adaptation
26. Which of the following is NOT one of Talcott Parsons’s action systems?
Correct : B. the latent system
27. The idea of dysfunction was put forward by
Correct : A. Robert K Merton
28. Which Sociologist developed the idea of pattern variables
Correct : C. Talcott Parsons
29. Name the author of the book “ The Structure of social action”
Correct : C. Talcott Parsons
30. The basic unit within Talcott Parsons’s social system is the:
Correct : C. status-role complex.
31. For Parsons, the _________________ process helped to ensure that an actor’s pursuit of his/her own interests also served the interests of the system as a whole.
Correct : C. socialization
32. Parsons argued that _____________ was the major binding force between
various elements of the social world.
Correct : D. culture
33. The functionalist theory of stratification argues that:
Correct : D. stratification is functional for society as a whole.
34. Unlike the structural functionalists, the neofunctionalists gave as much
attention to _____________ as to order.
Correct : A. action
35. Dahrendorf felt that authority rested with:
Correct : C. positions.
36. consider a major influence on the development of neo-Marxian theory?
Correct : A. Emile Durkheim
37. Unlike the critical school and the Hegelian Marxists, work in both Marxianinfluenced economic sociology and historical sociology focused on which of the following dimensions of Marx’s work?
Correct : B. materialist
38. According to some of the theorists of the critical school, domination moved
from the economic to the ______________ sphere.
Correct : D. cultural
39. The critical school offered critiques of which of the following two “industries”?
Correct : C. culture and knowledge
40. For the critical school, modern society was rational, but not:
Correct : C. reasonable.
41. In much the same way that Marx felt that labor was alienated,
_________________ felt that communication was alienated, or distorted.
Correct : C. Jurgen Habermas
42. Members of which of the following variants of Marxian theory most strongly
distance themselves from their Marxian roots?
Correct : D. analytical Marxism
43. Members of which of the following variants of neo-Marxian theory are
concerned with the “micro-level” foundations of Marxian theory?
Correct : D. critical theory
44. Thinkers who can be clearly identified as sociologists began to appear in the:
Correct : C. 1800s.
45. In his lectures at the Al-Azhar University in Cairo in the 1300s, ____________ devoted considerable attention to social institutions such as politics and the economy.
Correct : A. Ibn-Khaldun
46. In 1789 the French Revolution caused many social thinkers to be disturbed by the resulting _________, and it created a desire to restore ______________.
Correct : D. chaos; order to society
47. Early sociologists wanted to model sociology after the prestigious and influential disciplines of:
Correct : B. physics, biology and chemistry.
48. The ____________ was a period of intellectual development and change characterized by the belief that people could comprehend and control the universe by means of reason and empirical research.
Correct : C. Enlightenment
49. __________ believe in studying social phenomena using the same scientific
techniques as those used in the natural sciences.
Correct : B. Positivists
50. According to Auguste Comte, groups, societies, sciences, and individuals all go through the following three stages:
Correct : C. theological, metaphysical, and positivistic
51. Emile Durkheim believed that ___________ is not a necessary part of the
modern world and that it could be reduced by ____________.
Correct : D. social disorder; social reform reformism.
52. G.W.F. Hegel’s philosophy of ___________ emphasized the importance of the mind and mental products rather than the material world.
Correct : C. idealism
53. _______ is the breakdown of the natural interconnection among people and
between people and what they produce.
Correct : B. Alienation
54. Weber was interested in the general issue of why institutions in the Western world had grown progressively more ____________ while power barriers seemed to prevent a similar development in the rest of the world.
Correct : A. rational
55. Georg Simmel was best known for his thinking on:
Correct : C. smaller-scale issues like individual action and interaction.
56. Which of the following classical thinkers is credited for being the first to use the term “sociology”?
Correct : D. Auguste Comte
57. Which of the following is NOT one of the strengths of systems theory?
Correct : D. its complexity
58. A general principle of systems theory holds that ________ systems intervene between environments and the action of systems.
Correct : C. mediating
59. The notion of feedback enables theorists to deal with:
Correct : C. friction, growth, and sudden changes in the environment.
60. George Herbert Mead’s work was influenced by which of the following two approaches?
Correct : B. behaviorism and pragmatism
61. Which of the following theorists coined the term symbolic interactionism?
Correct : B. Herbert Blumer
62. In his work Mind, Self and Society, Mead gave priority to:
Correct : C. society.
63. Which of the following is NOT one of the four basic stages of what Mead calls
“the act”?
Correct : D. significant symbols
64. It is only through ___________ that language and human thinking are possible.
Correct : D. significant symbols
65. _____________ is the general mechanism for the development of the self.
Correct : A. Reflexivity
66. Children learn to take the attitude of particular others to themselves during
the ____________ stage.
Correct : A. game
67. Mead refers to the ability to take the attitude of the entire community into
account as:
Correct : A. the generalized other.
68. According to Mead, ____________ behavior is the thinking process, involving
symbols and meanings.
Correct : B. covert
69. _____________ refers to those things that tell us a performer’s social status, while ____________ tells the audience what sort of role a performer expects to play in a given situation.
Correct : C. Appearance; manner
70. The basic unit of analysis in Erving Goffman’s theory is:
Correct : A. the team.
71. Social actors engage in the process of mystification in order to do all of the following EXCEPT:
Correct : D. become emotionally connected to their audience.
72. Which of the following statements correctly characterizes Goffman’s work
later in his career?
Correct : B. Goffman focused more on small-scale structures.
73. Which of the following does NOT characterize Herbert Blumer’s theory of
symbolic interactionism?
Correct : B. Society is made up of macro structures.
74. Which of the following is NOT a criticism of symbolic interactionism?
Correct : D. It has concentrated too much on psychological factors.
75. Cultural studies’ scholars argue that symbolic interactionism should focus more attention on:
Correct : A. communication technologies.
76. According to ethnomethodologists, social actors use ____________ to
accomplish their everyday lives.
Correct : B. practical reasoning
77. ___________________ was the founder of ethnomethodology.
Correct : D. Harold Garfinkel
78. Which of the following is the term that ethnomethodologists use to describe
the ways in which social actors explain specific situations?
Correct : A. accounts
79. Which of the following is NOT a working principle of conversation analysis?
Correct : A. Nonverbal behaviors are inconsequential to accomplishing a conversation.
80. With which of the following statements would an ethnomethodologist agree?
Correct : B. Gender is something that social actors accomplish.
81. Which of the following do conversation analysts consider most important to study?
Correct : C. the relationships among utterances in a conversation
82. How is laughter typically initiated in multiparty interactions?
Correct : D. by someone other than the speaker
83. During a political speech, a politician argues that “too much time is devoted to international policy...too little is spent on domestic policy.” This is an example of which of the following types of rhetorical devices used to generate applause?
Correct : A. contrast
84. Which of the following is the most common type of rhetorical device used to
generate applause?
Correct : C. contrast
85. According to conversation analysts, which of the following is typically true of
disagreements?
Correct : B. They are delayed responses.
86. ____________ are defined as part of a conversation used to describe that conversation.
Correct : D. Formulations
87. Shy people tend to engage in _____________ more often than those who are
self-confident.
Correct : C. setting-talk
88. Which of the following is NOT something an interviewer would typically do to prevent an interviewee from returning to or correcting her question?
Correct : D. engage in setting-talk
89. Conversation analysts have found that mishaps encountered during emergency telephone calls are a result of:
Correct : D. the nature of the specific telephone conversation.
90. Ethnomethodologists are critical of traditional sociologists because the latter tend to:
Correct : A. rely too much on statistical analysis of data.
91. According to ethnomethodologists, conventional sociologists look at everyday speech as a(n):
Correct : A. resource.
92. Ethnomethodology has been subject to criticism because it:
Correct : C. has lost sight of its radical reflexivity.
93. In terms of the micro-macro debate, ethnomethodologists argue that:
Correct : B. micro and macro structures are generated simultaneously.
94. For Jeffrey Alexander, normative, non-rational, and affective actions constitute ____________ dimensions of his multidimensional sociology.
Correct : B. non-material
95. Alexander believed that according privilege to the ________________ level was
a “theoretical mistake.”
Correct : A. micro
96. George Ritzer’s attempts at an integrated sociological paradigm can be differentiated from Alexander’s multidimensional sociology because:
Correct : C. Alexander privileges one level over another.
97. Which of the following is NOT one of the three basic ways to describe macro
phenomena?
Correct : C. integrative
98. Randall Collins’s “interactional ritual chains” are an example of focusing on
the _____________ level of analysis.
Correct : A. micro
99. For Anthony Giddens, social structure is composed of:
Correct : D. the structuring properties of rules and resources.
100. _____________ consciousness entails the ability to describe our actions in words, whereas ___________ consciousness involves actions that the actors take for granted without being able to express what they are doing.