2. ………….., one of the best scientists of his time, wrote an essay entitled, "On Liberty and Necessity: Man in the Newtonian Universe."
Correct : A. Benjamin Franklin
3. ……………..was "the founder of liberalism”.
Correct : A. John Locke
4. Two years after writing the Two Tracts on Government, …………….changed significantly in his views about magisterial authority and toleration in An Essay Concerning Toleration (1667).
Correct : A. John Locke
5. The Advancement of Learning was written by ………………..
Correct : A. Francis Bacon
6. Who wrote’Novum Organum Scientiarum’?
Correct : C. Francis Bacon
7. Thomas Hobbes was an……………. Philosopher
Correct : C. English
8. Whose masterwork was Leviathan?
Correct : C. Thomas Hobbes
9. ‘Meditations on First Philosophy’ was written by ……………….
Correct : C. Descartes
10. Whose masterpiece was ‘The Spirit of the Laws’?
Correct : D. Montesquieu
11. Persian Letters was written by ………………
Correct : A. Montesquieu
12. Who wrote the philosophical work, A Discourse on the Sciences and Arts?
Correct : A. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
13. The Discourse on the Origin of Inequality was written by ………………..
Correct : A. Rousseau
14. Whose major work on political philosophy was the The Social Contract?
Correct : D. Rousseau
15. ‘The Confessions’ was the Autobiography of ………………..
Correct : D. Rousseau
16. Denis Diderot was the brightest light of the ……………Enlightenment-a man of intelligence, passion and genius.
Correct : D. French
17. Voltaire was a prolific writer, philosopher, poet and pamphletist, and the preeminent figure of the 18th century ………..Enlightenment.
Correct : A. French
18. Who Wrote Philosophical Dictionary?
Correct : D. Voltaire
19. Who were The Physiocrats?
Correct : D. Economists
20. Colbert was served as a minister in the Court of…………..
Correct : A. Louis XIV
21. Thomas Paine was a radical writer who emigrated from …………to
America in 1774.
Correct : A. England
22. Early in 1776, …………published Common Sense, a hugely influential pamphlet that convinced many American colonists that the time had finally come to break away from British rule.
Correct : A. Thomas Paine
23. In Common Sense, …………made a persuasive and passionate argument to the colonists that the cause of independence was just and urgent.
Correct : A. Thomas Paine
24. Who wrote the controversial work, The Age of Reason?
Correct : A. Thomas Paine
25. The …………..Revolution began with the fall of the Bastille on July 14,
1789.
Correct : A. French
26. The French Revolution began with the fall of the Bastille on July 14,
………….
Correct : A. 1789
27. The French Revolution began with the fall of the Bastille on July 14, 1789 and continued till ………………..rose to power.
Correct : A. Napoleon Bonaparte
28. Who gave good advice to his successor Louis XV saying "Do not imitate my fondness for building and for war, but work to lessen the misery of my people?"
Correct : A. Louis XIV
29. When his ministers attempted to discuss affairs of the state with him, who merely remarked, "After me, the deluge."
Correct : A. Louis XV
30. Queen Marie Antoinette was the Queen of ……………..
Correct : B. Louis XVI
31. ………………, a lawyer and student of constitutional government summed up his ideas in his book ‘The Spirit of the Laws’.
Correct : A. Montesquieu
32. Who put forward the theory of ‘the separation of powers’?
Correct : B. Montesquieu
33. The Bloodless or Glorious Revolution started in England in ……….
Correct : B. 1688
34. The ………..Estate of France found the entrance of their meeting place blocked by the royal army on June 20, 1789 as a royal session was to be held there. Hence they rushed to a nearby place that was originally a tennis court and took the famous ‘Tennis Court Oath’.
Correct : C. Third
35. July 14, …………saw the fall of the Bastille, a royal fortress and symbol of Bourbon autocracy.
Correct : B. 1789
36. Feudalism and serfdom was abolished in France in August ………….. by the National Assembly.
Correct : B. 1789
37. The Constitution of ……….. was the first written constitution of France.
Correct : B. 1791
38. The ………….were moderates who wanted a republican form of government in France.
Correct : A. Girondists
39. The Jacobins of ……………..were republicans of the extreme type.
Correct : B. France
40. King Louis XVI was found guilty of high treason by the National Convention and was guillotined on 21st January ………
Correct : C. 1793
41. The National Convention entrusted all executive authority to the "Committee of Public Safety", consisting of 12 members led by …………………..
Correct : A. Robespierre
42. The National Convention entrusted all executive authority to the ‘Committee of Public Safety’, consisting of 12 members led by Robespierre. It let loose a ‘reign of terror’ in……….., from 1793 to 1794.
Correct : C. France
43. The ’reign of terror’ came to an end with the revolt of the Parisian mob against Robespierre who was guillotined on March 13, ………….
Correct : C. 1794
44. After the ……………a committee of nine members was appointed by the National Convention to draft a new constitution.
Correct : C. reign of terror
45. After ruling France from 1792 to 1795, the National Convention was dissolved and the new constitution came to be called the Constitution of the Year ……………
Correct : A. Third
46. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen is a fundamental document of the ……………………..
Correct : C. French Revolution
47. Year of the U.S. Declaration of Independence ……………..
Correct : C. 4th July 1776
48. ……………….was the primary author of the U.S. Declaration of
Independence.
Correct : C. Thomas Jefferson
49. Who referred to his tactics thus: "I have fought sixty battles and I have learned nothing which I did not know at the beginning. Look at Caesar; he fought the first like the last."
Correct : A. Napoleon Bonaparte
50. Napoleon crowned himself Emperor on 2 December ……….. at Notre
Dame de Paris
Correct : D. 1804
51. Year of the Battle of Trafalgar.
Correct : D. 1805
52. "The battle of Austerlitz is the finest of all I have fought." Who said?
Correct : D. Napoleon Bonaparte
53. Who defeated Prussia at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt ?
Correct : A. Napoleon Bonaparte
54. In the Treaty of Fontainebleau, the victors exiled ……………..to Elba, an island of 12,000 inhabitants in the Mediterranean, 20 km off the Tuscan coast.
Correct : D. Napoleon Bonaparte
55. Napoleon escaped from Elba on 26 February …………..
Correct : D. 1815
56. Battle of Waterloo ,18 June ……………..
Correct : D. 1815
57. Who was imprisoned and then exiled to the island of Saint Helena in the Atlantic Ocean, 1,870 km from the west coast of Africa.
Correct : A. Napoleon Bonaparte
58. …………..negotiated with Pope Pius VII. Finally, a Concordat was
concluded in 1802.
Correct : D. Napoleon Bonaparte
59. Who said: "My true glory is not to have won 40 battles...Waterloo will erase the memory of so many victories. ... But...what will live forever is my Civil Code."
Correct : A. Napoleon Bonaparte
60. The Continental System or Continental Blockade was the foreign policy of …………….
Correct : A. Napoleon Bonaparte
61. ………….., by Orders in Council (1807), prohibited its trade partners from
trading with France.
Correct : A. Britain
62. The members of the ………..take the famous ‘Tennis Court Oath’ and resolve to remain united until a constitution is established.
Correct : C. third Estate
63. The French Revolution of…………, also known as the July Revolution.
Correct : D. 1830
64. The Congress of Vienna was headed by ………………..
Correct : A. Metternich
65. The term 'Industrial Revolution' was first used by the historian…………, to describe the economic development in England, from 1760 to 1840.
Correct : A. Arnold Toynbee
66. The Industrial Revolution first started in …………….
Correct : D. England
67. Who introduced the continental system?
Correct : A. Napoleon Bonaparte
68. In 1764, ……………..invented a machine called the ’Spinning Jenny.’
Correct : A. James Hargreaves
69. In 1769, ……………invented a machine run by waterpower instead of manpower. Hence it came to be called the ’Water-Frame’.
Correct : A. Richard Arkwright
70. Samuel Crompton removed the defects of the Spinning Jenny and Water Frame, with his machine known as ……………..
Correct : A. Spinning Mule
71. ……………..removed the defects of the Spinning Jenny and Water Frame, with his machine known as ’Spinning Mule’( 1778) .
Correct : A. Samuel Crompton
72. In 1733, ………….had invented a device called the ’Flying Shuttle’.
Correct : A. John Kay
73. In 1785, ……………..invented the Automatic or Power Loom.
Correct : A. Dr. Edmund Cartwright
74. Who invented a machine called the ’Cotton Gin.’?
Correct : A. Eli Whitney
75. In 1816, …………….invented a machine called Davy’s Safety Lamp.’
Correct : A. Sir Humphry Davy
76. In 1856, ……………discovered a process by which impurities could be removed from iron. This purified refined iron came to be known as ’steel’, which helped in making more accurate tools, implements, weapons and machines.
Correct : A. Henry Bessemer
77. In 1801, ………………invented the first steam locomotive.
Correct : A. Richard Trevithick
78. Who is regarded as ’the father of the railway locomotive’?
Correct : B. George Stephenson
79. George Stephenson is regarded as ’the father of the railway locomotive’, because he made great improvements on Trevithick’s locomotive in his ………….. in 1814.
Correct : B. ’Rocket’
80. In 1807, …………..invented the steamboat called the ’Clermont’.
Correct : A. Robert Fulton
81. …………..invented the first steam engine in 1705, in order to pump water
out of the mines.
Correct : A. Thomas Newcomen
82. In 1769, ………….invented a better steam engine called the ’Beelzebub.’
Correct : A. James Watt
83. Who invented a Seed Drill that would distribute the seeds evenly in rows, over a large piece of land?
Correct : A. Jethro Tull
84. The discovery of a new method of ’Crop Rotation’, was made
by……………….
Correct : A. Viscount Townsend
85. In……………., Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels issued the ‘Communist Manifesto’ which introduced scientific socialism or Communism.
Correct : C. 1848
86. In 1867 Marx and Engels published the first of three volumes, entitled……….., in which they explained the sum and substance of Marxian Socialism or Communism.
Correct : C. Das Kapital
87. ……………means "leave to do, leave to pass" or more accurately "let things alone, let them pass".
Correct : C. Laissez-faire
88. The Chartist Movement had at its core the so-called "People's Charter" of 1838.This document, created for the London Working Men's Association, was primarily the work of ………………………
Correct : A. William Lovett
89. The "People's Charter" of 1838 was a public petition aimed at redressing omissions from the electoral ……………………..
Correct : C. Reform Act of 1832
90. Who formed a Consultative Council, known as the ’Witan’ (the Council of the wise men), which was composed of several learned men?.
Correct : D. King Alfred
91. On June 15, 1215 ……………affixed his seal on the ’Great Charter’, which is referred to as the ’Magna Carta.’
Correct : D. King John
92. Who is called as the "Father of Parliament"?
Correct : D. Simon-De-Montford
93. In 1295, King Edward attempted to curb the nobles and the clergy, by securing the support of the third estate, consisting of the common people. To do so, he summoned the first complete English Parliament including representatives from all sections of society. This meeting came to be referred to as the……………..
Correct : D. Model Parliament
94. ……………was a strong champion of the doctrine of the Divine Right of
kings.
Correct : D. James I
95. Charles I (1625-49) was forced to call a parliament, which laid certain conditions on him in the famous document known as ……………….
Correct : D. The Petition of Rights
96. Who was called the "Great Protector?"
Correct : D. Oliver Cromwell
97. Which was year of The Glorious Revolution of England?
Correct : D. 1688
98. Charles II was succeeded by his younger brother, …………in 1685, who ruled as an absolute autocrat.
Correct : D. James II
99. William of Orange was the Protestant ruler of Holland and the son-in-law
of ………….
Correct : D. James II
100. As James II would not be able to fight against the Parliament and William of Orange, he escaped to ……………….