Quiznetik
Modern Western Philosophy | Set 3
1. ‘All our reasoning about causality is derived from nothing but custom’. This relates to -----
A. Kant
B. Hegel
C. Leibniz
D. Hume
Correct : D. Hume
2. Kant’s Rational theology deals with ---------
A. The idea of God
B. Unity of self
C. The idea of world
D. None of these
Correct : A. The idea of God
3. Who among the following is an Idealist philosopher
A. Descartes
B. Kant
C. Locke
D. None of these
Correct : B. Kant
4. Descartes took -------- as the model of his philosophical method
A. Religion
B. Mathematics
C. Sociology
D. Arts
Correct : B. Mathematics
5. ------ is not a secondary quality according to Locke
A. Taste
B. Coluor
C. Extension
D. None of these
Correct : C. Extension
6. ‘Real is Rational, Rational is Real’ is the concept of ----------
A. Locke
B. Leibniz
C. Spinoza
D. Hegel
Correct : D. Hegel
7. Who is considered as the father of modern philosophy
A. Kant
B. Descartes
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. Neither (a) nor (b)
Correct : B. Descartes
8. According to Kant --------- judgments are always a priori
A. Synthetic
B. Ethical
C. Analytical
D. None of these
Correct : C. Analytical
9. Which one of the following is a primary quality according to Locke
A. Colour
B. Figure
C. Extension
D. None of these
Correct : C. Extension
10. Tabula rasa refers to --------
A. Empty cabinet
B. Subtle emotion
C. Knowledge
D. None of these
Correct : A. Empty cabinet
11. Kant’s Rational cosmology deals with ----------
A. Unity of self
B. The idea of God
C. The idea of one world
D. All these
Correct : C. The idea of one world
12. Which one of the following is a work of Kant
A. Ethics
B. Monadology
C. Critique of pure reason
D. All of these
Correct : C. Critique of pure reason
13. Psycho physical parallelism is a theory of -----
A. Descartes
B. Leibniz
C. Spinoza
D. None of these
Correct : C. Spinoza
14. Hegel developed his philosophy on the foundation laid by -------
A. Descartes
B. Fichte
C. Aristotle
D. None of these
Correct : B. Fichte
15. Kant’s Rational Psychology deals with ------
A. The idea of world
B. The idea of God
C. Unity of self
D. None of these
Correct : C. Unity of self
16. -------- is the method adopted by Kant
A. Inductive
B. Deductive
C. Empirical
D. Transcendental
Correct : D. Transcendental
17. --------- is a mind body theory of Descartes
A. Psycho physical parallelism
B. Interactionism
C. Pre-established harmony
D. All these
Correct : B. Interactionism
18. According to Kant , knowledge of things – in –itself is called -------
A. Phenomena
B. Substance
C. Noumena
D. None of these
Correct : C. Noumena
19. Modern western philosophers unlike the medieval thinkers were critical about ___________.
A. scientific advance
B. dogmatic theology
C. rationalism
D. all these
Correct : B. dogmatic theology
20. Transcendentalism 3. Descartes 4. Dialectical materialism 4. Hegel
A. 4, 2, 3,1
B. 1, 3, 4, 2
C. 2, 4, 3, 1
D. 3, 4, 1, 2
Correct : C. 2, 4, 3, 1
21. Modernism marked a clear shift ___________.
A. from faith to reason
B. from reason to faith
C. from science to religion
D. from religion to science
Correct : A. from faith to reason
22. European __________ is subdivided into the Humanistic and the Natural Science period.
A. Philosophy
B. Theology
C. Renaissance
D. None of these
Correct : C. Renaissance
23. Modern western philosophers showed increased interest in ___________.
A. theology
B. scientific inquiry
C. astronomy
D. all these
Correct : B. scientific inquiry
24. In the ___________ era, freedom of thought and rational inquiry became the watchwords of philosophy.
A. ancient
B. classical
C. medieval
D. modern
Correct : D. modern
25. _____________ is considered as the father of modern western philosophy as well as rationalism
A. Descartes
B. Kant
C. Hume
D. Socrates
Correct : A. Descartes
26. Find the odd one out.
A. Aristotle
B. Kant
C. Hume
D. Descartes
Correct : A. Aristotle
27. _________ is/are not applicable to Descartes. 1. French 2. Medieval 3. Empiricist d) Rationalist
A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 4
C. Only 2
D. 2 and 3
Correct : D. 2 and 3
28. _________ is/are applicable to Descartes and Locke. 1. Medieval 2. Modern 3. Rationalist 4. Empiricist
A. 1 and 4
B. Only 2
C. Only 3
D. 2 and 4
Correct : B. Only 2
29. __________ propositions need no proof.
A. Universal
B. Self-evident
C. Particular
D. None of these
Correct : B. Self-evident
30. According to Descartes, deduction and _________ are the means to attain true knowledge.
A. experience
B. logic
C. intuition
D. all these
Correct : C. intuition
31. According to Descartes, ___________ ideas are clear and distinct.
A. innate
B. adventitious
C. factitious
D. none of these
Correct : A. innate
32. ‘Cogito ergo sum’ refers to the idea of __________.
A. God
B. World
C. the Self
D. Reason
Correct : C. the Self
33. Cartesian skepticism is precisely _____________.
A. ontological
B. methodological
C. ethical
D. axiological
Correct : B. methodological
34. Dualism recognizes ____________.
A. one and only one substance
B. two substances
C. many substances
D. none of these
Correct : B. two substances
35. ___________ is not applicable to Spinoza. 1. Monism 2. Rationalism 3. Dualism 4. Pluralism
A. Only 3
B. Only 1
C. 1 and 2
D. 3 and 4
Correct : D. 3 and 4
36. ‘A substance cannot depend on anything else, and hence there can be only one substance.’ This position is precisely termed ______________.
A. Rationalism
B. Dualism
C. Monism
D. Empiricism
Correct : C. Monism
37. Psychophysical ___________ is the view of Spinoza.
A. dualism
B. parallelism
C. interactionism
D. none of these
Correct : B. parallelism
38. According to Spinoza, Reality is ____________.
A. God or Nature
B. Neither God nor Nature
C. Only God
D. Only Nature
Correct : A. God or Nature
39. ‘Mind and matter are not substances’. This is the point of Spinoza’s disagreement with _______.
A. Kant
B. Hume
C. Hegel
D. Descartes
Correct : D. Descartes
40. Leibnitz conceived plurality of __________ substances.
A. spiritual
B. physical
C. material
D. all these
Correct : A. spiritual
41. ‘No two monads can ever have any causal relation to each other’. Hence, they are __________.
A. interactive
B. windowless
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Correct : B. windowless
42. According to Leibnitz, Monads are ___________ in number.
A. two
B. one
C. infinite
D. none of these
Correct : C. infinite
43. According to Leibnitz, ____________ pre-established the harmony between monads.
A. None
B. God
C. Mind
D. Matter
Correct : B. God
44. Spinoza’s monism is a solution suggested to resolve the problem of ____________ in Cartesian philosophy.
A. Rationalism
B. God
C. Dualism
D. Cogito
Correct : C. Dualism
45. ___________ was suggested as a hypothesis to solve the problem of mind-body interaction.
A. Dualism
B. Rationalism
C. Occasionalism
D. all these
Correct : C. Occasionalism
46. According to Descartes, the very idea of a perfect being implies His existence. This is the _______ proof of the existence of God.
A. Ontological
B. Cosmological
C. Causal
D. All these
Correct : A. Ontological
47. ___________ recognize sense perception as the source and standard of knowledge.
A. Rationalists
B. Empiricists
C. Idealists
D. Intuitionists
Correct : B. Empiricists
48. ____________ is the author of Essay Concerning Human Understanding.
A. Spinoza
B. Descartes
C. Hegel
D. Locke
Correct : D. Locke
49. Sensation and reflection are the primary sources of all ideas. This is the postulate of _________.
A. Rationalism
B. Idealism
C. Empiricism
D. None of these
Correct : C. Empiricism
50. According to Locke, we understand the internal states of mind by __________.
A. Sensation
B. Intuition
C. Reflection
D. All these
Correct : C. Reflection
51. For ______________, knowledge is a posteriori.
A. Rationalists
B. Idealists
C. Intuitionists
D. Empiricists
Correct : D. Empiricists
52. For ______________, true knowledge is a priori.
A. Empiricists
B. Idealists
C. Intuitionists
D. Rationalists
Correct : D. Rationalists
53. According to Locke, qualities are divided into __________.
A. a priori and a posteriori
B. physical and mental
C. primary and secondary
D. empirical and spiritual
Correct : C. primary and secondary
54. ____________ is the dictum of Subjective Idealism.
A. Cogito ergo sum
B. esse est percipi
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Correct : B. esse est percipi
55. The term Tabula rasa implies the rejection of _____________.
A. sense experience
B. empiricism
C. innate ideas
D. primary qualities
Correct : C. innate ideas
56. Mentalism is another term for _____________.
A. Subjective Idealism
B. Rationalism
C. Absolute Idealism
D. None of these
Correct : A. Subjective Idealism
57. Ideas do not exist without a perceiving mind. This is the argument of __________.
A. Locke
B. Spinoza
C. Berkeley
D. Marx
Correct : C. Berkeley
58. _________ rejected the existence of a material substance apart from the perceiver’s idea.
A. Berkeley
B. Locke
C. Spinoza
D. None of these
Correct : A. Berkeley
59. Hume divided all perceptions into ____________.
A. primary and secondary
B. impressions and ideas
C. matter and mind
D. innate and acquired
Correct : B. impressions and ideas
60. __________ proposed the Law of Association of Ideas.
A. Locke
B. Spinoza
C. Berkeley
D. Hume
Correct : D. Hume
61. According to Hume, our idea of causation is only the result of a constant __________ of ideas.
A. impression
B. dissociation
C. separation
D. conjunction
Correct : D. conjunction
62. According to Hume, our idea of causation does not imply ________.
A. perception
B. necessity
C. contingency
D. any of these
Correct : B. necessity
63. In Locke’s system, __________ is a primary quality.
A. colour
B. sound
C. smell
D. extension
Correct : D. extension
64. According to Locke, solidity and extension are ___________ qualities.
A. primary
B. secondary
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Correct : A. primary
65. _________ is not included in Locke’s catalogue of primary qualities.
A. extension
B. solidity
C. colour
D. figure
Correct : C. colour
66. According to Locke, there are no _________ ideas and hence mind is a tabula rasa.
A. clear
B. sensible
C. innate
D. complex
Correct : C. innate
67. ‘If no one perceives a thing, God always perceives everything’. This is the view of ________.
A. Berkeley
B. Spinoza
C. Descartes
D. Hume
Correct : A. Berkeley
68. Both Locke and Berkeley are ____________.
A. Empiricists
B. Idealists
C. Occasionalists
D. Rationalists
Correct : A. Empiricists
69. ___________ ends up in skepticism regarding any certain knowledge.
A. Spinoza
B. Descartes
C. Locke
D. Hume
Correct : D. Hume
70. ___________ is the author of the Critique of Pure Reason.
A. Berkeley
B. Kant
C. Locke
D. Descartes
Correct : B. Kant
71. In a/an ___________ proposition, the predicate is part of the subject.
A. synthetic
B. analytic
C. empirical
D. None of these
Correct : B. analytic
72. ___________ knowledge is independent of sense experience.
A. a priori
B. a posteriori
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Correct : A. a priori
73. According to Kant, causality is a/an ____________ concept.
A. empirical
B. synthetic a priori
C. synthetic a posteriori
D. none of these
Correct : B. synthetic a priori
74. Noumena refer to ___________.
A. thing-in-itself
B. sensible objects
C. empirical reality
D. all these
Correct : A. thing-in-itself
75. According to Kant, sensibility and __________ constitute knowledge.
A. perception
B. causality
C. understanding
D. noumena
Correct : C. understanding
76. According to Kant, space and time are the ___________ conditions of all knowledge.
A. possible
B. a priori
C. a posteriori
D. perceived
Correct : B. a priori
77. According to Kant, human reason cannot have genuine knowledge about the ____________.
A. phenomena
B. noumena
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Correct : B. noumena
78. In Kant’s table of judgments, universal, particular and singular represent ___________.
A. quality
B. modality
C. relation
D. quantity
Correct : D. quantity
79. __________ is/are applicable to Hegel. 1. German 2. Materialist 3. Idealist 4. Absolutist
A. Only 1
B. All except 2
C. All except 4
D. Both 1 and 2
Correct : B. All except 2
80. Dialectic has a central place in the philosophy of ____________.
A. Hegel
B. Marx
C. both (a) and (b)
D. neither (a) nor (b)
Correct : C. both (a) and (b)
81. Marx had rejected the __________ in Hegelian philosophy.
A. idealism
B. dialectic
C. materialism
D. all these
Correct : A. idealism
82. “The real is rational and the rational is real”. This is the crux of _________ philosophy.
A. Cartesian
B. Kantian
C. Hegelian
D. Marxian
Correct : C. Hegelian
83. The first of the dialectical triad is ___________.
A. thesis
B. antithesis
C. synthesis
D. all these
Correct : A. thesis
84. In Hegelian dialectic, __________ is the synthesis stage.
A. Being
B. Non-being
C. Becoming
D. None of these
Correct : C. Becoming
85. Dialectical development involves the negation of ____________.
A. Becoming
B. reasoning
C. relation
D. negation
Correct : D. negation
86. Berkeley and Hegel are ____________.
A. Empiricists
B. Idealists
C. Materialists
D. Skeptics
Correct : B. Idealists
87. In Hegel’s philosophy, ____________ is the ultimate reality.
A. God
B. Dialectics
C. Material world
D. Absolute Idea
Correct : D. Absolute Idea
88. The source of Marxian materialism is ____________.
A. Feuerbach
B. Hegel
C. Engels
D. None of these
Correct : A. Feuerbach
89. __________ is the author of Phenomenology of Spirit.
A. Feuerbach
B. Engels
C. Hegel
D. Marx
Correct : C. Hegel
90. Marx insisted on the philosopher’s task of ____________ the world.
A. interpreting
B. changing
C. understanding
D. negating
Correct : B. changing
91. According to Marx, ___________ is the lever of social change.
A. Absolute Idea
B. Class war
C. Love
D. God
Correct : B. Class war
92. The necessary and basic cause of class war, according to Marx, is ___________.
A. economic
B. cultural
C. religious
D. none of these
Correct : A. economic
93. Marxian revolution aims at the liberation of the ____________ class.
A. ruling
B. bourgeois
C. working
D. noble
Correct : C. working
94. Marx conceived ____________as the necessary culmination of class war.
A. dialectics
B. proletariat dictatorship
C. capitalism
D. historical materialism
Correct : B. proletariat dictatorship
95. __________ was closely associated with Marx in developing his philosophy.
A. Engels
B. Hegel
C. Feuerbach
D. Lenin
Correct : A. Engels
96. Bourgeoisie vs. Proletariat determines the class conflict in ___________ society.
A. Feudal
B. Communist
C. Capitalist
D. none of these
Correct : C. Capitalist
97. Who among the following is NOT a rationalist thinker?
A. John Locke
B. Rene Descartes
C. Benedict Spinoza
D. W. Leibniz
Correct : A. John Locke
98. Who among the following is an empiricist thinker?
A. Rene Descartes
B. Benedict Spinoza
C. William Leibniz
D. David Hume
Correct : D. David Hume
99. Who among the following is a rationalist thinker?
A. John Locke
B. George Berkeley
C. David Hume
D. Rene Descartes
Correct : D. Rene Descartes
100. The view that knowledge is attained through reason not the senses is called:
A. Idealism
B. Positivism
C. Rationalism
D. Empiricism
Correct : C. Rationalism