Quiznetik

Essentials of the Symbolic Logic | Set 1

1. Logic is the ………………………………………..

Correct : A. science of reasoning

2. The proposition arrived at on the basis of proposition or propositions in an argument, is called……………………………..

Correct : C. conclusion

3. The proposition or propositions on the basis of which the conclusion is arrived at in an argument is called …………………………..

Correct : C. premise or premises

4. Premises and conclusion are…………………………….

Correct : D. true or false

5. Deductive argument is characterized as…………………………….

Correct : C. valid or invalid

6. Validity of deductive argument depends on……………………………………

Correct : A. form of argument

7. ……………………………………………….reveals the form of argument

Correct : B. use of symbols

8. In the history of logic, …………….………………….are two important stages of development.

Correct : A. classical logic and symbolic logic

9. Classical logic is also called ………………………………………

Correct : D. ancient logic

10. Ancient logic is also called…………………………………………..

Correct : D. traditional logic

11. Symbolic logic is also called…………………………………….

Correct : D. mathematical logic

12. Mathematical logic is also called…………………………………….

Correct : D. modern logic

13. Symbolic logic originated in connection with

Correct : A. mathematical theory

14. Classical logic is related to symbolic logic as

Correct : B. embryo to adult organism

15. …………………had introduced into logic the important notion of a variable

Correct : C. aristotle

16. ………………………….is a symbol which can stand for any one of a given range of values

Correct : D. a variable

17. The development of symbolic logic has been bound up with the development of ………………………

Correct : B. mathematics

18. In 1910, in collaboration with A.N.Whitehead, Russell published ……………………., a monumental work in which a system of symbolic logic is elaborated and made to serve as the foundation of the whole of mathematics

Correct : D. principia mathematica

19. …………………………………………………….. is the form of the argument

Correct : A. the structure or pattern of the argument

20. A simple proposition is ………………………………………………………………….

Correct : C. one which does not contain any other proposition as it’s component

21. A compound proposition is …………………………………………………………….

Correct : D. one which contains other proposition as it’s component

22. Conjunction is a compound proposition in which the word ………… is used to connect simple statements.

Correct : D. “and”

23. ‘Ramesh is either intelligent or hard working’ is an example of …………………………

Correct : C. disjunction

24. “If it rains, then the road will be wet” is an example for……………………………………….

Correct : C. implication

25. A general proposition is …………………………………

Correct : A. a quantified statement

26. ‘All Keralites are Indians’ is an example for …………………………………………..

Correct : D. universal affirmative proposition

27. ‘ Some fruits are sweet’ is an example for……………………………………….

Correct : B. particular affirmative proposition

28. ’ Some flowers are not red’ is an example for………………………………………..

Correct : C. particular negative proposition

29. ‘ No birds are fishes’ is an example for ……………………………………………

Correct : C. universal negative proposition

30. Singly general proposition is a general proposition with ………………………………..

Correct : B. one quantifier

31. Multiply general proposition is a general proposition with ……………………………..

Correct : C. two or more quantifiers

32. …………………………..is a branch of Symbolic Logic

Correct : C. propositional logic

33. Quantification logic is also called………………………………………

Correct : B. predicate logic

34. ………………………………….analyses the internal structure of propositions

Correct : D. predicate logic

35. ……………………………………. does not analyse the internal structure of propositions

Correct : C. propositional logic

36. The two types of statements dealt within propositional logic are ……………………

Correct : D. simple and compound statements.

37. In a conditional, the component statement that follows the “if” is called ……………

Correct : B. the “antecedent”

38. In a conditional, the component statement that follows the “then” is called ……….

Correct : B. the “consequent”

39. The two component statements of conjunction are called……………………………..

Correct : C. “conjuncts”

40. The two component statements of disjunction are called ……………………………….

Correct : C. “disjuncts”

41. When two statements are combined by using the phrase “if and only if”, the resulting compound statement is called …………………………………………..

Correct : B. bi-conditional statement

42. Bi-conditional statement is also called ………………….

Correct : D. material equivalence

43. Conditional statement is also called………………………………….

Correct : A. implication

44. The phrase “if and only if” is used to express……………………………………………………….

Correct : B. both sufficient and necessary condition

45. A compound proposition whose truth-value is completely determined by the truth-values of it’s component statements is called …………………….

Correct : D. truth-functional

46. ………………………….. Symbol is used for conjunction

Correct : A. the dot “.”

47. ………………………….. Symbol is used for weak disjunction

Correct : A. the vel ”v”

48. …………………………..Symbol is used for bi –conditional

Correct : D. “ ≡ “

49. A conjunction is true if and only if ……………………………………….

Correct : B. both of it’s conjuncts are true

50. Inclusive or weak disjunction is false only in case ……………………………………………….

Correct : A. both of it’s disjuncts are false

51. The dot “ . ”symbol is……………………………………..

Correct : D. a truth-functional connective

52. The curl “ ̴“ is ……………………………………………………..

Correct : D. a truth-functional operator

53. Gopal is either intelligent or hard working’ is an example for …………………………

Correct : C. inclusive or weak disjunction

54. ‘Today is Thursday or Saturday’ is an example for………………………………..

Correct : B. exclusive disjunction

55. ’If you study well, then you will pass the examination’ is an example for ……………

Correct : A. implication

56. A conditional statement asserts that in any case in which it’s antecedent is true, it’s consequent is ……………………………

Correct : D. true also

57. For a conditional to be true the conjunction “ p. ̴q “ must be ……………….

Correct : C. false

58. ……………………….. is regarded the common meaning that is part of the meaning of all four different types of implication symbolized as “ If p , then q”

Correct : C. ̴( p . ̴q )

59. No real connection between antecedent and consequent is suggested by …………

Correct : B. material implication

60. “it is not the case that the antecedent is true and the consequent is false” is symbolized as……………………………………….

Correct : A. ̴( p . ̴q )

61. ‘ q if p ‘ is symbolized as……………………………….

Correct : D. ’ p Ͻ q ‘

62. ’ The conjunction of p with the disjunction of q with r’, is symbolized as …….

Correct : C. p . ( q v r )

63. ‘The disjunction whose first disjunct is the conjunction of p and q and whose second disjunct is r ‘ is symbolized as ………………………..

Correct : D. ( p . q ) v r

64. The negaton of A V B is symbolized as ………………

Correct : B. ̴( a v b )

65. ‘ A and B will not both be selected ’ is symbolized as ………………………..

Correct : A. ̴( a . b )

66. Ramesh and Dinesh will both not be elected.

Correct : B. ̴a . ̴b

67. An argument can be proved invalid by constructing another argument of the same form with …………………….

Correct : B. true premises and false conclusion

68. …………………………… can be defined as an array of symbols containing statement variables but no statements, such that when statements are substituted for statement variables- the same statement being substituted for the same statement variable throughout – the result is an argument

Correct : C. an argument form

69. Any argument that results from the substitution of statements for statement variables in an argument form is called ………………………………

Correct : D. a “ substitution instance” of that argument form

70. In case an argument is produced by substituting a different simple statement for each different statement variable in an argument form, that argument form is called ……………………

Correct : A. the “specific form” of that argument

71. If the specific form of a given argument has any substitution instance whose premises are true and whose conclusion is false, then the given argument is.

Correct : B. invalid

72. Refutation by logical analogy is based on the fact that any argument whose specific form is an invalid argument form is ………………………..

Correct : C. an invalid argument.

73. ………………………… is any sequence of symbols containing statement variables but no statements, such that when statements are substituted for the statement\ variables-the same statement being substituted for the same statement variable throughout- the result is a statement

Correct : C. a statement form

74. ’statement form from which the statement results by substituting a different simple statement for each different statement variable’ is called ……………………..

Correct : D. the specific form of a given statement

75. A statement form that has only true substitution instances is called ……………………

Correct : A. a “ tautologous statement form “ or a “ tautology”

76. Statement forms that have both true and false statements among their substitution instances are called ……………………………………………..

Correct : B. contingent statement forms

77. Two statements are ………………… when their material equivalence is a tautology

Correct : C. logically equivalent

78. …………………. statements have the same meaning and may be substituted for one another

Correct : B. logically equivalent

79. . ̴( p . q) is logically equivalent to …………………………………..

Correct : C. ̴p v ̴q

80. An argument form is valid if and only if it’s expression in the form of a conditional statement is ……………

Correct : C. a tautology

81. “If a statement is true, then it is implied by any statement whatever” is symbolized as

Correct : B. p Ͻ (q Ͻ p)

82. “ If a statement is false, then it implies any statement whatever”

Correct : A. ̴p Ͻ (p Ͻ q)

83. ………………………… is defined as any argument that is a substitution instance of an elementary valid argument form

Correct : A. an elementary valid argument

84. Name the rule of inference ̴( P . Q) ≡ ( ̴P V ̴Q)

Correct : C. de morgan’s theorem ( de m )

85. Name the rule of inference ( p v q ) ≡ ( q v p )

Correct : A. commutation ( com )-

86. Name the rule of inference [ p v( q v r ) ] ≡ [ ( p v q ) v r ]

Correct : C. association (assoc )-

87. Name the rule of inference P ≡ ̴ ̴p

Correct : C. double negation ( d .n )-

88. Name the rule of inference ( P Ͻ q ) ≡ ( ̴Q Ͻ ̴P )

Correct : C. transposition (trans )-

89. Name the rule of inference ( P Ͻ q ) ≡ ( ̴P v q )

Correct : A. material implication (impl)-

90. Name the rule of inference ( P ≡ q ) ≡ [ ( p Ͻ q ) . ( q Ͻ p ) ]

Correct : D. material equivalence ( equiv )- 105. name the rule of inference

91. Name the rule of inference ̴( P V Q) ≡ ( ̴P . ̴Q )

Correct : B. de morgan’s theorems ( de m )

92. Name the rule of inference ( p . q ) ≡ ( q . p )

Correct : A. commutation ( com )-

93. Name the rule of inference [ p .( q . r ) ] ≡ [ ( p . q ) . r ]

Correct : C. association (assoc )-

94. Name the rule of inference ( P ≡ q ) ≡ [ ( p . q ) v ( ̴P . ̴Q ) ]

Correct : B. material equivalence ( equiv )-

95. Name the rule of inference p ≡ ( p . p )

Correct : C. tautology ( taut )-

96. ……………………………………. are defined as expressions which contain individual variables and become propositions when their individual variables are replaced by individual constants

Correct : B. propositional functions

97. The process of obtaining a proposition from a propositional function by substituting a constant for a variable is called …………………………………

Correct : C. instantiation

98. General propositions can be regarded as resulting from propositional functions by a process called

Correct : D. quantification

99. The phrase ‘Given any x’ is called …………………………………….

Correct : B. a universal quantifier

100. Universal quantifier is symbolized as ………… a) ‘(x)’ b) ′(∃x)’ c) ‘ X’ d) ‘ ∃x’ 116. The phrase ‘ there is at least one x such that’ is called ………………………………

Correct : A. a universal quantifier