Early India- State to Empire | Set 1
1. A ………………society is characterised as a formal organized group of
people who trace their ancestry from a common ancestor.
2. A …………………. society in its early stage of development would
mainly be pastoral.
3. The merger of different ……………. societies in due course may lead to
the emergence of a land-bonded society.
4. In the course of its growth, ……………… society become de-stabilized
and marks the transition from the stage of pre-state to the stage of state.
5. A …………. society could be considered as a pre-state society, but not
a tribal one as common ancestry is not a binding factor in a tribal society.
6. The …………….. pre-state society in ancient India is generally
considered as a lineage society, which was mainly pastoral and mobile.
7. The concept of the ……………. society in the ancient Indian sub
continent is derived from the historical reading of the Itihasas and puranas.
8. The ……………… war was fought between the two major segments of
the lineage on the plains of Kurukshetra and most of the segments were destroyed in the battle.
9. Like elsewhere, in ancient India the myth related to the origin of the
world is related with the great flood as depicted in the ………… tradition.
10. According to the tradition, ………….. the primeval man was the only
one to survive the deluge, who returns to Jambu dweep (Indian sub continent), where he laments on his loneliness.
11. Due to his loneliness ……….. performs a sacrifice, which resulted in
the birth of his eldest son, Ikshaku with whom started the Suryavamsa and daughter Ila with whom started the Chandravamsa or the Lunar Lineage.
12. Due to his loneliness Manu performs a sacrifice, which resulted in the
birth of his eldest son, ……………. with whom started the Suryavamsa or Solar Lineage and daughter Ila with whom started the Chandravamsa or the Lunar Lineage.
13. Due to his loneliness Manu performs a sacrifice, which resulted in the
birth of his eldest son, Ikshaku with whom started the ………….. and daughter Ila with whom started the Chandravamsa or the Lunar Lineage.
14. The ……………… tradition traces the lineage of all kings and royal
families of ancient India either to the Suryvamsa or to the Chandravamsa.
15. The descent groups of ………….. described in the geneaological section
of the early Indian historical tradition.
16. The various Puranic texts have this geneaological section or
Vamsaaucharita.
17. ………………… had three sons whose lineages are given in the form of
listing only the eldest son of the eldest son.
18. The two main groups tracing their ancestry to …………. are the eldest
Yadu and the youngest Puru.
19. Ila given birth to ………….., whose great grand son is Yayati who had
five sons.
20. ……………., the rightful successor displeased his father and hence is
banished to the South-West and Puru, the youngest inherits the Madhyadesa.
21. The descents of ……………. line is geographically concentrated and
related to the Indo-Gangetic divide and the Ganga-Yamuna doab and its environs.
22. The decents of ………… spread out over the Aravalli region, Gujarat, Malwa, Narmada Valley, northern Deccan and eastern Ganga Valley.
23. According to the texts, the line of …………. had merged with Purus at
an ealy stage.
24. The line of …………. is said to have become Mlechas after few
generations.
25. The descendents of …………. survived in Central Punjab and Sind and
one branch of it is said to have been migrated to the extreme East.
26. Only the lineages of Puru and Yadu are listed in detail and at great
length in the ………………….
27. The migration of various segments taken from …………. spread over a
large area of northern, western and central India.
28. The lunar lineage and its distribution were incorporated substantially
into the area where the …………… war was fought.
29. The Mahabharata war was fought between the two major segments of
the lineage on the plains of ……………. and most of the segments were destroyed in the battle.
30. The event of the …………. focuses on the last part of the Puru lineage.
31. The Puru lineage seems to have three distinct stages.The first stages is
from Puru to ………….
32. By now relations between Kurus and Panchalas were established through lineage connections.Soon after, one of the Kuru kings, Vasu branched off and occupied Chedi on the southern fringe of Yamuna and Magadha in …………, both earlier occupied by Yadavas.
33. Vasu’s five sons established new kingdoms- Brihadratha at …………., Kusa at Vatsa and the other three in Chedi, Karusa and Matsya.
34. A glorious civilization flourished in the valley of the river Indus and its
neighbouring regions prior to the rise of the Chalcolithic Age.This civilization known as the …………. culture.
35. …………………, Director-General of the Archaeological Department of
the Government of India.
36. Harappan Culture spread over various parts of Northern and Central
India like Rupar and Bara in the east Punjab, Alamgirpur near Meerut in U.P. and Ragpur and Lothal in …………….
37. Sir John Marshall has assigned …………… culture to the period 3150- 2750 B.C.
38. But in recent years, archaeologists have made use of scientific tests
like carbon test and fixed the period of ……………. civilization from 2300 to 1750 B.C.
39. ………….. were the indivisible factors of the Harappan Culture.
40. The ………….. city excavated of Indus civilization was Harappa.
41. The city of Harappa had existed on the banks of the river …………. in
western Punjab.
42. The city of ……………. was excavated by archaeologists like Dayaram
Sahni, M.S.Vats and Mortimer Wheeler from the early 1920’s onwards.
43. The city of Harappa had existed on a trade route stretching from
Jammu to Central Asia through …………….
44. ……………. was the large city of the Harappan civilization.
45. ………….. is located in the Larkana district of Sind on the banks of the
river Indus.
46. The excavations at …………… was first started in 1922 by Sir John
Marshall with R.D. Banerji.
47. Kalibangan in …………… along the dried up bed of the river Ghagger
is another important Harappan city.
48. Kalibangan site was excavated by …………… in the 1960’s which have
the evidences of pre-Harappan and Harappan habitations.
49. Lothal in ………….. is another important city excavated.
50. ………….. was in charge of the excavations of the Harappan sites in
Gujarat.
51. The ……………… culture was essentially an urban culture.
52. The Harappans conducted trade both within the northern and western
area of the sub continent and with Persian Gulf and …………….. regions.
53. Many Harappan seals have been discovered in …………….
54. The Indus people had a fairly advanced type of religion. Their chief
deity was the Mother Goddess ………….
55. There was a male god with three faces in Yogic pose surrounded by
four animals depicted on the ………….. seals. It is identified as the pre-historic Siva or Pasupati.
56. The Indus people were highly interested in arts and crafts. The bronze
figure of the dancing girl found at …………… was an excellent piece of art.
57. The Indus people had developed the art of writing and even developed
58. ……………. in his book Ancient India says,” The Harappan script is not
alphabetical but mainly pictographic”.
59. ………………in ‘The History and Culture of Indian People’, Vol. 1
remarks, “The large number of signs precludes the possibility of the script being alphabetic.It was mainly phonetic, most of signs standing for open or close syllables and the remainder functioning as determinates or ideograms”.
60. ………………. in his research work ‘Decipherment of the Indus Script’ says that the Indus people used the phonetic script in the beginning
which slowly and slowly in the late Harappan period assumed the alphabetic pattern.
61. ………………. is of the view that the Indus script was read from left to
right.
62. ………… believes that the Indus script can be read from right to left.
63. According to ……………., “Perhaps the discovery of some bilingual inscriptions in those areas with which the Indus people had close trade relations might give us the right clue to the decipherment of the Indus script”.
64. The word Veda is derived from …… word ‘vid’ which means ‘to know’.
65. …………… are essentially a compilation of prayers and hymns, offered
by different families of poets and sages to various Gods.
66. The …………. are also ‘samhitas’ in the sense that they represent the
oral tradition of that period.They were not recorded when they were first composed.
67. The OCP was discovered in the archaeological sites of …….. in 1950’s.
68. Black and Red Ware (BRW) have been found at ……… in between OCP
and PGW levels during the excavations conducted in the early 1960’s.
69. In Alangirpur and Hasthinapuri, …………. is found associated with
PGW, the characteristic feature of Black and Red Ware is the black colour inside and near the rim on the outside and over the rest of the body red colour.
70. The ………….. contains both hymns and commentaries. It describes
the performance of sacrifices.
71. …………… called the Upanishads as, “the most wonderful composition
of human mind”.
72. The Ramayana was composed by the great saint …………...
73. …………… deals with the conflict between the Aryan and non-Aryan
civilizations.
74. The ……………. describes the war between the Pandavas and the
Kauravas. According to tradition, Vyasa was its compiler.
75. There is good archaeological evidence to show that in the centuries following 2000 B.C, north-west India was invaded by some tribes from
the west.They were called …………...
76. ………………, suggests the region of the river Devika in Multan as the
original home of the Aryans.
77. The …………. mentions one outstanding historical event, i.e. the
victory of King Sudas over the Ten-king confederacy.
78. Visvamitra was the priest of Sudas who, however, dismissed the
former and appointed ………….as his priest.
79. ………………. led a tribal confederacy of ten kings against the
Bharatas, the federation consisting of the five well-known tribes Puru, Yadu, Turvasa, Adu and Druhya along with five others namely -Alina, Paktha, Bhalanas, Siva and Vishanin.
80. The Bharatas utterly routed the confederacy of Visvamitra on the
81. The Bharatas were settled in the region between the Sarasvati and the
Yamuna while the Purus remained in the ………….. region.
82. In their migration to the east and south-east the …………. came into
83. The Kiratas, Kikatas, Chandalas, Parnakas, and Simyus were Dasa
tribes who inhabited the …………. valley.
84. The ……………. were dark-complexioned, snub-nosed, worshippers of
the phallus, rich in cattle and lived in fortified strongholds; pura.
85. The ………….. Society was a tribal society.
86. The ‘Battle of Ten Kings’ mentioned in the …………. was fought among
different tribes like the Bharata, Purus, Yadus etc.
87. The term used for cattle during the ……… period was ‘gavishti’, which
means to search for cows.
88. ………… mentions the names of learned women like Apala, Ghoshala,
Lopa mutra, Vishwara etc.who had even composed hymns.
89. ……… fought in the wars claimed a senior lineage within the society.
90. The term ‘Shudra’ is mentioned in the ………… book of Rigveda, which
was a later addition.
91. Several tribal assemblies like Sabha and Samiti are mentioned in the ………….
92. The term ‘Vis’ in the ………… refers to the tribal unit or clan.
93. The …………. received offerings from the public known as ‘bali’.
94. ………….. was the Sky god. a) Vayu b) Varuna
c) Ushas d) Rudra
95. …………. society was pastoral.
96. A wealthy man who owned many cattle was called …………...
97. When the Rig Vedic people settled in the western part of the sub
98. The ………… was the act of giving or granting, irrespective of what and
when given.
99. The ………… was a specific gift giving to the performer of the sacrifice.
100. The earliest reference of Dana and Dakshina is seen in the ‘Dana
Stuti’ hymns of …………..