1. Who founded the ‘Royal Society for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge’ in 1662?
Correct : A. Charles II
2. The Academe des Sciences was founded by ……..
Correct : C. Louis XIV
3. The Berlin Academy was founded by ……..
Correct : B. Frederick of Prussia
4. Principia is a work by ………
Correct : C. Isaac Newton
5. Who among the following was not a contemporary of Newton?
Correct : D. Galileo
6. ……….. built the first state observatory of modern times in Paris?
Correct : C. Claude Perrault
7. Horologium Oscillatorium is a work by ………….
Correct : B. Chritian Huygens
8. ………. was the first to show that light has a finite velocity.
Correct : A. Ole Christian Romer
9. When Newton published the Principia, he was forced to acknowledge that one of the
results obtained by this person. Who was this person?
Correct : B. Leibniz
10. The controversy between Newton and Huygens was related to …….
Correct : A. Whether light consisted of waves or particles
11. Flamsteed was asked to set up an observatory in Greenwich because ……
Correct : C. A very accurate star chart was needed to be preparewd for navigation.
12. Who described light as the ‘sensation of a stimulation of the retina’?
Correct : B. Kepler
13. Micrographia is a work by ……….
Correct : C. Robert Hooke
14. The Skeptical Chemist was written by ……….
Correct : A. Robert Boyle
15. Who has been hailed as the French Newton?
Correct : A. Laplace
16. Who introduced the concept of ‘phlogiston’?
Correct : B. George Ernst Stahl
17. Who discovered hydrogen?
Correct : A. Henry Cavendish
18. Who discovered oxygen?
Correct : B. Joseph Priestly
19. The important feature of Industrial Revolution was ………
Correct : D. All of the above
20. Who wrote On The Origin of Species ?
Correct : A. Charles Darwin
21. The proposition that everything is determined by God is known as ……..
Correct : B. Theological determinism
22. …….. think that free will is an illusion.
Correct : A. Incompatibilists
23. ……….. holds that all propositions, either about the past, present or future, are either
true or false.
Correct : C. Logical determinism
24. …………. says that physical environment,rather than social conditions, determines
culture.
Correct : B. Logical determinism
25. ………… is the theory that all behaviour, belief and desire are governed by our genetic
make up.
Correct : B. Biological determinism
26. It has been said that the French Revolution was inspired by philosophers. Who
among the following philosophers does not belong to this group?
Correct : D. Descartes
27. Those who believe in ‘scientific determinism’ argue that ………..
Correct : A. Everything is predetermined by fate.
28. John Hunter, Ignaz Semmelweis and Joseph Lister had much in common:
Correct : D. And one of them was so persecuted that he died in a mental hospital.
29. The credit for discovering the Microscope is usually shared by the Hansens,
Leewenhock, and Robert Hooke. But only one of them managed to see any micro‐ organisms through his magnifying glass, and to produce reasonable sketches. This was done by ……..
Correct : D. Leeuwenhock
30. Who is called the father of Microbiology?
Correct : B. Leeuwenhock
31. Louis Pasteur, Edward Jenner, Robert Koch and Ronald Ross were associated in the
establishment of the Germ Theory. Which one of them was born in India?
Correct : D. Ross
32. Homeopathy had been founded by ……….
Correct : A. Samuel Hahnemann
33. Systema naturae is a work by ………..
Correct : B. Carolus Linnaeus
34. Who discovered that sudden mutations might appear in plants and could get
transmitted to future generations?
Correct : A. Hugo de Vries
35. Chromosomes were discovered by ……..
Correct : C. Wather Flemming
36. The number of genes in the human body is ………
Correct : A. Between 20 and 250000
37. Among the fundamental particles, the first to be discovered was …….
Correct : A. Proton
38. Who discovered X‐ray?
Correct : B. Konrad Von Rontgen
39. Gamma‐radiation was discovered by ………..
Correct : C. Paul Villard
40. Raman effect was discovered by ……….
Correct : A. Chandrasekhara Vankata Raman
41. Newtrons were discovered by ………..
Correct : C. James Chadwick
42. Positron was discovered by ……….
Correct : C. Carl D. Anderson
43. The term ‘Nanotechnology’ refers to ..,……..
Correct : D. Anything which is done at molecular level.
44. Who invented the Pascalina?
Correct : B. Blaise Pascal
45. Telephone was invented by ………
Correct : C. Alexander Graham Bell
46. Radio was invented by ……..
Correct : B. Marconi
47. The first High Speed, General‐Purpose Electronic Computer using vacuum tubes, was …..
Correct : A. ENIAC
48. The first binary, stored programme computer was …….
Correct : C. EDVAC
49. The world’s first commercial computer was ……..
Correct : A. UNIVAC
50. The term nanotechnology was first coined by ………
Correct : A. Norio Taniguchi
51. The nanoscale is of the order of ………
Correct : C. 10‐9m
52. The smallest and strangest of the fundamental particles are ……
Correct : C. Neutrions
53. The Greek word philo means ……
Correct : B. To love
54. The Greek word sophia means ……
Correct : A. Wisdom
55. Philosophy means ………
Correct : A. Love of wisdom
56. ………….is the study of reality.
Correct : C. Metaphysics
57. ……. is the study of reality.
Correct : C. Metaphysics
58. ………. is the study of values.
Correct : A. Axiology
59. ………. of science deals with the development of ideas.
Correct : A. History
60. ………. of science deals with the logic of ideas.
Correct : C. Philosophy
61. ……. is a systematic study of Nature, or the world around us.
Correct : C. Science
62. Inductivism was introduced by ………
Correct : B. Francis Bacon
63. Who gave scientific explanation, a theoretical structure?
Correct : C. Carl Hempel
64. Carl Hempel gave scientific explanation a theoretical structure and he called it the ………
Correct : A. Covering Law Model
65. Covering Law Model is also known as …………
Correct : B. Deductive‐Nomological model
66. Who gave the Theory of Relativity?
Correct : B. Einstein
67. All science begins with ..........
Correct : C. Observation and measurement
68. …….. contended that observed universe is illusory and only mental experiences are
real.
Correct : A. Idealism
69. After observation and measurement, ,……. is the hallmark of most sciences.
Correct : C. Experimentation
70. Which one of the following is a characteristic featrure of a good experimental design?
Correct : D. All of these
71. On the Book of Heavens and the World of Aristotle is a work by ……
Correct : B. Bishop Oresme
72. The notion that science is gradually moving towards a better understanding of the
‘reality out there’ is the predominant feature of …….
Correct : C. Scientific realism
73. NOA was introduced by …..
Correct : C. Arthur Fine
74. …….. claims that science is getting closer and closer to a single, correct account of the
world.
Correct : C. Progressivism
75. The theory of Evolution was propounded by ……
Correct : A. Charles Darwin
76. The unity of phenomena is called …..
Correct : B. Ontological unity
77. The belief that the values of science, like its aims and goals, are unified is known as ……..
Correct : A. Axiological unity
78. Reducing everything to fundamentals is called ………
Correct : B. Reductionism
79. Who discovered the Laws of Motion?
Correct : B. Newton
80. The notion that the various concepts, models, theories, etc. that scientists use to
explore and explain the phenomena can themselves be reduced to the concepts, models, theories of a more basic science, is known as …..
Correct : B. Epistemological reduction
81. Kepler’s theory or laws can be derived from …….. equations.
Correct : B. Newton’s
82. The modern versions of inductivism owe much to ……
Correct : C. John Stuart Mill
83. The philosopher of the 20 th century , who objected to the foundation of inductive
reasoning is ……
Correct : C. Karl Popper
84. Popper uses the term ……….instead of verification.
Correct : A. Falsification
85. Who challenged the very idea that scientific progress was a steady, linear, cumulative,
and rational process.
Correct : C. Thomas Kuhn
86. The new approach introduced by Lakatos to resolve the contradiction between Kuhn’s
and Popper’s approaches is known as …,.,..
Correct : A. Methodology of Research Programme
87. Who defines technological infrastruture as a historically determined set of mutually
supporting artifacts and structures that enable human activity, and provide the means for its development.
Correct : A. Joseph Pitt
88. ………. Is concerned with knowing.
Correct : C. Theoretical Knowledge
89. Praxis is concerned with ……..
Correct : B. Doing
90. Techne is concerned with ……
Correct : A. Making or manufacturing
91. Theoretical knowledge deals with …..
Correct : C. Pure science
92. Praxis deals with …..
Correct : B. Applied science
93. Techne deals with …..
Correct : A. Technology
94. ……. looks for opportunities for using or applying science.
Correct : B. Applied science
95. ……….. argue that evolution should have nothing to do with taxonomy and we should
proceed purely by traditional considerations of appearances and similarities.
Correct : B. Pheneticists
96. …….. is the requirement that all members of a group should share the same ancestor.
Correct : A. Monophyly
97. Philosophy of …… closely monitors the current work in cognitive neurosciences,
evolutionary psychology, and artificial intelligence.
Correct : D. Psychology
98. Who wrote The Modularity of the Mind?
Correct : A. Jerry Fodor
99. The over‐reverential attitude towards science is called …….
Correct : C. Scientism
100. The one who spoke about ‘Scientific temper’ was ……..